Geographic variation in resource allocation to the abdomen in geometrid moths

A resource allocation trade-off is expected when resources from a common pool are allocated to two or more traits. In holometabolous insects, resource allocation to different functions during metamorphosis relies completely on larval-derived resources. At adult eclosion, resource allocation to the abdomen at the expense of other body parts can be seen as a rough estimate of resource allocation to reproduction. Theory suggests geographic variation in resource allocation to the abdomen, but there are currently no empirical data on it. We measured resource allocation to the abdomen at adult eclosion in four geometrid moths along a latitudinal gradient. Resource (total dry material, carbon, nitrogen) allocation to the abdomen showed positive allometry with body size. We found geographic variation in resource allocation to the abdomen in each species, and this variation was independent of allometry in three species. Geographic variation in resource allocation to the abdomen was complex. Resource allocation to the abdomen was relatively high in partially bivoltine populations in two species, which fits theoretical predictions, but the overall support for theory is weak. This study indicates that the geographic variation in resource allocation to the abdomen is not an allometric consequence of geographic variation in resource acquisition (i.e., body size). Thus, there is a component of resource allocation that can evolve independently of resource acquisition. Our results also suggest that there may be intraspecific variation in the degree of capital versus income breeding.     

北湖流域水质改善系统动力学研究

利用系统动力学擅长研究动态、非线性复杂系统的特点,将其应用于北湖水质改善分析,构建了系统动力学-水质耦合模型,可实现长时间序列的连续模拟和水环境管理的情景分析。文章定量分析了三产比例调整、城镇化率提高与污水集中处理等因素对流域纳污控制及水质改善的影响,推演出可协调经济发展-水环境保护-污水治理资金三方矛盾的合理方案,为类似小城镇的发展提供可借鉴的思路和方法。     

医疗废物处置厂污水处理技术

从污水处理工艺、处理方式、水量平衡和自动控制方面论述了医疗废物处置厂污水处理系统,并申请了发明专利。根据医疗废物处置厂水质复杂、水量小、需中水回用等特点,采用物化、生化和微滤膜处理工艺,达到中水回用标准。消毒废水单独处理,循环使用。     

放射源在线监控系统设计与应用

为了防止在使用放射源时发生脱落、丢失、超标使用、私自转移等情况,最大限度避免辐射安全事故,有必要设计建立放射源在线监控系统,对放射源放射性指标(辐射剂量率)及所处位置(经纬度)实行连续的自动监测。并通过各级监管平台设置放射源超标、异动等报警程序,全面提升放射源科学监管水平。     

北京市人群尿液中羟基多环芳烃的影响因素

于2016年11、12月以北京市3个典型区域的431名普通居民为研究对象,平均年龄（62.80±10.42）岁.以液相色谱联合质谱检测人群尿液中2-OHNap、1-OHNap、2-OHFul、1+9-OHPhe、2-OHPhe、3-OHPhe、4-OHPhe及1-OHPyr浓度水平,并对研究人群进行问卷调查.结果表明,全部人群尿液中2-OHNap、1-OHNap、2-OHFul、∑OHPhe、1-OHPyr浓度中位数水平分别为2.99,3.46,4.24,1.49,0.35μg/g Cr.Logistics回归分析显示,吸烟者尿液中2-OHNap、1-OHNap、2-OHFul、1-OHPyr发生高浓度的可能性分别是不吸烟者的9.83,6.32,4.51,1.89倍;年龄组每增加一个等级,导致2-OHNap、1-OHNap、∑OHPhe、1-OHPyr发生高浓度的可能性分别增加了0.48,0.44,0.31,0.46倍;教育程度每增加一个等级,导致2-OHFul发生高浓度的可能性降低了0.44倍.相关性分析显示,人体尿液中2-OHNap的浓度与环境空气中的萘的浓度呈正相关关系.人体尿液中2-OHNap主要来源于城市空气中的萘.影响北京市典型区域人群尿样中羟基多环芳烃浓度升高的主要因素为吸烟、年龄增高以及受教育程度较低.     

Ecology and Conservation of the Endangered American Burying Beetle (Nicrophorus americanus)

Field studies were conducted on the western population of the endangered American burying beetle (Nicrophorus americanus) in Oklahoma and Arkansas to determine its habitat affinities. A common cause of declining populations is some specialized adaptation that makes it difficult to respond to a rapidly changing habitat. We evaluated the hypothesis that N. americanus is a habitat specialist in its search for food, preferring mature forests with deep, humic soils. This hypothesis was rejected. Based on comparisons of niche breadth among syntopic congeners and niche overlap, N. americanus is relatively generalized in its use of a range of habitats when searching for food. It is likely that the generalist nature and the endangered status of N. americanus both derive from the fact that it is the largest member of its guild. In comparison to smaller species, N. americanus breeds on larger carcasses, which are more unpredictable in space and time. It is likely, therefore, that N. americanus must search over a larger area and greater diversity of habitats than its smaller congeners.     

南洋楹根瘤菌株分离和应用的研究初报

南洋楹根瘤菌株分离和应用的研究初报潘超美，杨风，李幼菊（广东省土壤研究所，广州５１０６５０）ＰｒｅｌｉｍｉｎａｒｙＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＩｓｏｌａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆＮｏｄｕｌｅＢａｃｔｅｒｉａＳｔｒａｉｎｓｏｆＡｌｂｉｚｉａＦａｌｃａｔ...