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351.
Wigington PJ Davies TD Tranter M Eshleman KN 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1992,78(1-3):29-35
Episodic acidification is practically a ubiquitous process in streams and drainage lakes in Canada, Europe and the United States. Depressions of pH are often smaller in systems with low pre-episode pH levels. Studies on European surface waters have reported episodes most frequently with minimum pH levels below 4.5. In Canada and the United States, studies have also reported a number of systems that have had minimum pH levels below 4.5. In all areas, change in water flowpath during hydrological events is a major determinant of episode characteristics. Episodic acidification is also controlled by a combination of other natural and anthropogenic factors. Base cation decreases are an important contributor to episodes in circumneutral streams and lakes. Sulphate pulses are generally important contributors to episodic acidification in Europe and Canada. Nitrate pulses are generally more important to episodic acidification in the Northeast United States. Increases in organic acids contribute to episodes in some streams in all areas. The sea-salt effect is important in near-coastal streams and lakes. In Canada, Europe and the United States, acidic deposition has increased the severity (minimum pH reached) of episodes in some streams and lakes. 相似文献
352.
Measurements of gaseous H2O2 and peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) concentrations in air are given for a site in rural southern England over an approximately 4-year period. In both cases the data show both diurnal and seasonal patterns. Temperature and wind direction had clear influences on the recorded concentrations of both species. There was an indication of increasing H2O2 concentrations with time. The use of a two-dimensional global model confirmed that this would be expected to occur alongside growth in ozone formation. It is suggested that, during photochemical episodes, the sequential build-up of ozone, PAN and H2O2 could be important in influencing the ability of vegetation to resist the effects of aggressive pollutants. 相似文献
353.
Skowroński T Szubińska S Jakubowski M Pawlik B 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1992,76(2):163-167
Availability of cadmium to Synechocystis aquatilis (estimated by 109Cd sorption and cadmium toxicity-14C method) in solutions containing cadmium and complexing (KCl) or non-complexing (KNO3) salts, in the range of 0-0.5 m was investigated. Both cadmium surface adsorption and transport into the cells were lower in solutions containing cadmium chloride complexes (CdCl+, CdCl2, CdCl3-) than in those containing cadmium in the form of Cd2+. Also, cadmium toxicity in solutions of higher KCl concentrations, in which CdCl+ and CdCl2 forms predominated, was significantly limited. 相似文献
354.
P. T. E. Ozoh 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1992,21(1):11-17
Temperature from 12 to 22°C and salinity from 30.5 to 7.6 increased accumulation of copper in Hediste diversicolor. Copper accumulated ranged from 85.83 to 217.14 g g-1. Sediments reduced accumulation of copper under temperature-salinity combinations. Accumulated copper ranged from 90.19 to 153.26 g g-1.However, mortality of the worms was not solely dependent upon copper body-burden. It ranged from 34 to 45% and from 38 to 80% in the presence of sediment. A combination of osmoregulatory and thermal stresses increased the toxic effect of copper to the worms. 相似文献
355.
P. T. E. Ozoh 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1992,21(1):1-10
Without sediment, increasing salinity (7.3 to 29.2) and increasing temperature (12 to 22 °C) reduced the toxicity of copper to juvenile Hediste diversicolor. The LC50 values ranged from 357 gL-1 in 7.3 to 513 g L-1 in 29.2 at 12°C and from 247 to 500 g L-1 at 22°C. In deionized water all the juvenile were dead in all solutions to which copper was added (100 to 600 g L-1). Dead worms were swollen and everted their pharynxs. In higher doses of copper (500 to 600 g L-1) the worms were abnormal in behaviour in all salinities (0 to 29.2). The ability to swim or crawl was disturbed.With sediments increasing temperature and increasing salinity increased the toxicity of copper to the worms. The LC50 values ranged from 3200 to 4100 g L-1 at 22°C. The response of the juvenile to copper was antagonistic to increasing temperature and salinity and synergistic to increasing salinity and increasing temperature without and with the sediment respectively. 相似文献
356.
Byron A. Bodo 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》1992,23(1-3):165-187
Historical records from Ontario's Provincial Water Quality Monitoring Network (PWQMN) for rivers and streams were analyzed to assess the feasibility of mapping regional water quality patterns in southeastern Ontario which spans two major geologic zones, the Precambrian Shield and the St. Lawrence Lowlands, thus serving as a paradigm for much of Ontario. Despite biases toward the populated Lowlands and associated pollution problems, general spatial trends are evident via the analysis of intervariable relations, individual parameter maps and multivariate analysis. Using a robust algorithm designed to identify outliers and abstract underlying bivariate relations, a linear regional hardness-alkalinity relation was derived, where most anomalies proved to be mine drainage impacted sites. Regionally, multivariate ordination reveals that central tendencies of common indicators of ionic strength and nutrient richness correlate positively and that site clusters broadly reflect the transition from oligotrophic Shield waters to eutrophic conditions of heavily agricultural Lowland streams. Results suggest that on the Shield more precisely delineated aquatic regions may be realized by applying GIS to integrate river and synoptic lake survey data. Further synthesis with bedrock and surficial geology, physiography, pedology and other temporally invariant spatial attributes should yield regional patterns of background quality from which locally attainable water objectives might be defined. Additional synoptic surveys of sedimentary Lowland streams may be required as most available sites relflect anthropogenic pollution. 相似文献
357.
Khan Syed Abdul Rehman Mathew Manoj Dominic P. D. D. Umar Muhammad 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2022,24(9):10633-10665
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Environmental deterioration and global warming has created a substantial impact on international companies to incorporate eco-friendly, green supply... 相似文献
358.
Igliski B. Skrzatek M. Kujawski W. Cichosz M. Buczkowski R. 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2022,24(1):77-111
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Renewable energy (RE) plays an increasingly important role in the economy of almost every country in the world. In order to examine the state of... 相似文献
359.
Environment, Development and Sustainability - This study describes the results of groundwater table variation in Thanjavur District before and after the monsoon seasons. Groundwater-level data... 相似文献
360.
Russian Journal of Ecology - Populations at the border of ranges are considered more vulnerable than those in the center. However, some recent reviews contradict this hypothesis. We have studied... 相似文献