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71.
Lucie Bláhová Pavel Babica Ondřej Adamovský Jiří Kohoutek Blahoslav Maršálek Luděk Bláha 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2008,6(4):223-227
Massive cyanobacterial water blooms and production of toxins (cyanotoxins) have become a worldwide problem. In this report,
we present results of cyanotoxins analyses (peptide microcystins, alkaloid cylindrospermopsin) in the Czech Republic reservoirs
using HPLC-PDA and ELISA. Our study suggests the occurrence of cylindrospermopsin in the Czech Republic for the first time
(particularly, in water blooms containing Aphanizomenon klebahnii). We also discuss human health risks associated with microcystins in relation to the drinking water guideline value of 1.0 μg/l
as recommended by the World Health Organization. 相似文献
72.
Species diversity modulates predation 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Predation occurs in a context defined by both prey and non-prey species. At present it is largely unknown how species diversity in general, and species that are not included in a predator's diet in particular, modify predator-prey interactions. Therefore we studied how both the density and diversity of non-prey species modified predation rates in experimental microcosms. We found that even a low density of a single nonprey species depressed the asymptote of a predator's functional response. Increases in the density and diversity of non-prey species further reduced predation rates to very low levels. Controls showed that this diversity effect was not due to the identity of any of the non-prey species. Our results establish that both the density and diversity of species outside a predator's diet can significantly weaken the strength of predator-prey interactions. These results have major implications for ecological theory on species interactions in simple vs. complex communities. We discuss our findings in terms of the relationship between diversity and stability. 相似文献
73.
Pokorná Petra Leoni Cecilia Schwarz Jaroslav Ondráček Jakub Ondráčková Lucie Vodička Petr Zíková Naděžda Moravec Pavel Bendl Jan Klán Miroslav Hovorka Jan Zhao Yongjing Cliff Steven S. Ždímal Vladimír Hopke Philip K. 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(31):38631-38643
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The Moravian-Silesian region of the Czech Republic with its capital city Ostrava is a European air pollution hot spot for airborne particulate matter... 相似文献
74.
75.
Vondráčková Stanislava Tlustoš Pavel Száková Jiřina 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(23):19201-19210
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Willows (Salix spp.) are considered to be effective for the phytoremediation of trace elements from contaminated soils, but their efficiency is... 相似文献
76.
Pavel Dřímal Josef Hrnčiřík Jaromír Hoffmann 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2006,14(3):309-316
Testing biodegradability of plastics under varied conditions of the environment as well as under laboratory conditions in accordance with valid international standards is very laborious, lengthy and often also economically demanding. For this reason, applicability was verified of gas chromatography to analyze gaseous phase when investigating the biodegradation course of plastics in an aqueous environment as an alternative to customary employed methods. A mathematical model of acid–basic CO2 equilibrium in a gas–liquid system was worked out, enabling to determine quantity of produced CO2 through chromatographic analysis of gaseous phase, in dependence on ratio of liquid and gas phase volumes (V
l/V
g) and on actual pH of liquid phase. Experimental conditions for organizing the tests were optimized. A ratio that proved suitable was V
l/V
g ≅ 0.1 at pH ≈ 7.1 of liquid phase. Under these test conditions, biodegradability of model samples, PHB, Gellan gum and Xanthan gum, was explored; course of biodegradation was studied through produced CO2 (values
) determined by analyzing gaseous phase through gas chromatography on the one hand, and through customary “titration” procedure on the other. With water-soluble polymers, the decrement in dissolved organic carbon (values D
DOC) was also studied. Difference between values does not exceed 5%. The procedures in question are alternative “substituting” procedures for observing course of aerobic biodegradation of substances in an aqueous environment. 相似文献
77.
Results of analysis of 7Be, 137Cs and 210Pb on aerosol filters carried out from 1998 to 2010 in Monaco show that a weak correlation between activity concentrations of these radionuclides in the atmosphere and meteorological parameters has been found for 7Be and temperature (r = 0.50), 210Pb and temperature and humidity (r = 0.43 and 0.41, respectively), and 137Cs and precipitation (r = 0.51). The minimum and maximum 7Be activity concentrations were observed during 2000 and 2009, corresponding with the maximum and minimum solar activity, respectively. The maximum 137Cs activity concentration found in May-June 1998 was due to the accident at Algeciras in Spain. The deposition velocities of 7Be, 137Cs and 210Pb depended on the precipitation rate, and attained maximum values during dry seasons. The investigated radionuclides may be used as atmospheric tracers, especially in long-term periods. 相似文献
78.
Eduard Hanslík Diana Ivanovová Eva Juranová Pavel Šimonek Věra Jedináková-Křížová 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2009
The paper summarizes impacts of the Temelín Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) on the Vltava and Labe River basins. The study is based on the results of long-term monitoring carried out before the plant operation (1989–2000), and subsequently during the plant operation (2001–2005). In the first period, the main objective was to determine background radionuclide levels remaining in the environment after global fallout and due to the Chernobyl accident. A decrease in the concentrations of 90Sr, 134Cs and 137Cs, which was observed before the plant operation, continued also during the subsequent period. Apart from tritium, the results of the observation did not indicate any impacts of the plant on the concentrations of activation and fission products in the hydrosphere. The annual average tritium concentrations in the Vltava River were in agreement with predicted values. The maximum annual average tritium concentration (13.5 Bq L−1) was observed in 2004 downstream from the wastewater discharge in the Vltava River at Solenice. Estimated radiation doses for adults due to intakes of river water as drinking water contaminated by tritium are below 0.1 μSv y−1. 相似文献
79.
80.
Radka Balkova Sona Hermanova Stanislava Voberkova Pavel Damborsky Lukas Richtera Jirina Omelkova Josef Jancar 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2014,22(2):190-199
Biodegradation of poly(ε-caprolactone) composite with graphite oxide (GO) by the action of Bacillus subtilis (BS) was studied in this work. Nanocomposite produced in a form of thin film was exposed to nutrient cultivation medium with BS as well as to abiotic nutrient medium (control run) at 30 °C. The matrix itself was exposed to the same conditions for comparison. Biodegradation was demonstrated by the weight loss and the decrease of molecular weight during 21 days of the experiment as well as by changes in the surface morphology and structure. Both degraded and control materials were characterized by confocal laser scanning microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy with attenuated total reflectance. The bacterial growth expressed as the measure of the optical density/turbidity in McFarland units and pH of medium were measured in situ during the experiment. Lipolytic activity of BS was determined by spectrophotometric assay. Degradation process was accompanied by the increase of matrix crystallinity degree. GO served as nucleating agent and facilitated absorption of cultivation media into the composite which led to the increase of the crystallinity degree also for control nanocomposite specimens. It was not evaluated to be promoter of biodegradation. The surface cracks formation was initiated by BS action. Large surface cracks were formed on BS-degraded composite surfaces while surface erosion was more significant on BS-degraded matrix. 相似文献