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排序方式: 共有222条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Laurence Michel-Calemard Gaëtan Lesca Yves Morel Dominique Boggio Henri Plauchu Jocelyne Attia-Sobol 《黑龙江环境通报》2004,24(7):519-523
This is the first report of a fetus affected with campomelic acampomelic dysplasia presenting with increased nuchal translucency. Ultrasonography at 13 weeks of amenorrhea showed a nuchal translucency 5.6 mm thick. The karyotype performed on amniotic fluid cells was normal (46,XY). Ultrasonography at 22 weeks revealed a normal femoral length and female genitalia. A second amniocentesis was performed to confirm the karyotype and for dosage of steroid hormones. Testosterone dosage was low, corresponding to a female fetus. Ultrasonography at 32 weeks showed growth retardation of the long bones (<3rd centile) that were not curved. A severe malformation syndrome was suspected and the pregnancy was terminated at 33 weeks. The fetus displayed macrocephaly, facial dysmorphism and female external genitalia. X ray showed straight and thickened long bones, hypoplastic scapulae and moderate platyspondyly. In view of the association of sex reversal, hypoplasia of the scapulae, and the presence of straight long bones, campomelic acampomelic dysplasia was suspected and confirmed by the finding of a SOX9 mutation. This case shows the importance of a careful echographic survey in a fetus with a nuchal translucency > 4 mm, especially if there is discordance between phenotypic and genotypic sex, since growth retardation may occur later during the pregnancy. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
82.
Ferchichi Karima Amdouni Noureddine Chevalier Yves Hbaieb Souhaira 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(55):83112-83125
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The presence of antibiotics as micro-contaminants in the water and aqueous environments is a health concern to humans and the ecosystem. Therefore,... 相似文献
83.
Filipe R. Ceia Richard A. Phillips Jaime A. Ramos Yves Cherel Rui P. Vieira Pierre Richard José C. Xavier 《Marine Biology》2012,159(7):1581-1591
The wandering albatross (Diomedea exulans) is regarded as a generalist predator, but can it be consistent in its foraging niche at an individual level? This study tested short- and long-term consistency in the foraging niche in terms of habitat use, trophic level and, by inference, prey selection. Fieldwork was carried out at Bird Island, South Georgia, in May–October 2009, during the chick-rearing period. Blood (plasma and cells) and feathers for stable isotope analyses (δ13C and δ15N) were sampled from 35 adults on their return from a foraging trip during which they carried stomach temperature, activity and global positioning system loggers. Results suggest short-term consistency in foraging niche in relation to both oceanic water mass and trophic level, and long-term consistency in use of habitat. Consistent differences between individuals partly reflected sex-specific habitat preferences. The proportion of consistent individuals (i.e., with a narrow foraging niche) was estimated at c. 40?% for short-term habitat and trophic level (prey) preferences and 29?% for longer-term habitat preference, suggesting this is an important characteristic of this population and potentially of pelagic seabirds in general. Foraging consistency was not related to body condition or level of breeding experience; instead, it may reduce intraspecific competition. 相似文献
84.
To determine whether stable isotope measurements of body feathers can be used to investigate the isotopic niche of moulting
(inter-nesting) adult seabirds, we examined the stable carbon (δ13C) and nitrogen (δ15N) isotopic composition of body feathers of breeding wandering albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) from Crozet Islands, southern Indian Ocean. First we showed that the isotopic composition of body feathers was not significantly
different from that of wing feathers, being thus a safe alternative to flight feathers whose collection impairs the birds’
flying ability. Second, we looked at the variances in δ13C and δ15N values resulting from the isotopic measurement of a single feather, four different feathers, and a pool of four feathers
per bird, to delineate the best isotopic analytical procedure. A two-step protocol is proposed that allows investigating both
the intra- and inter-individual components of the niche width of the species. In a first step, isotopic measurements on a
single feather per bird are used to define isotopic specialist from isotopic generalist populations. In a second step and
for generalist populations only, measurements on additional (three) feathers per bird are used to delineate type A from type
B isotopic generalists (Bearhop et al. in J Anim Ecol 73:1007–1012, 2004). Third, from a biological point of view, our data
showed different moulting isotopic niches for adult males and females, and also within female wandering albatrosses. Since
the isotopic composition of body feathers in this species reflects that of wing feathers, our results suggest that, after
validation, body feathers have the potential for investigating the foraging ecology of other Procellariiforms and seabirds
during the poorly known inter-nesting period. 相似文献
85.
Blood and feathers are the most targeted tissues for isotopic investigations in avian ecology, primarily because they can be easily and non-destructively sampled on live individuals. Comparing blood and feather isotopic ratios can provide valuable information on dietary shifts, trophic specialization and migration patterns, but it requires a good knowledge of the isotopic differences between the two tissues. Here, δ13C and δ15N values of whole blood (in blood cells of a few species) and simultaneously grown body feathers were measured in seabird chicks to quantify the tissue-related isotopic differences. Seabirds include 27 populations of 22 wild species that were sampled in 2000–2008, and a review of the literature added 8 groups (including adult birds) to the analysis. The use of a large data set that overall encompasses wide δ13C and δ15N ranges allowed us to depict for the first time accurate relationships between blood and feather isotopic ratios across avian taxa. Blood was impoverished in 13C and generally in 15N compared with feathers. Both mean δ13C and δ15N values of feathers and blood were highly positively and linearly related [feather δ13C = 0.972 (±0.020) blood δ13C + 0.962 (±0.414), and feather δ15N = 1.014 (±0.056) blood + 0.447 (±0.665), respectively; both P < 0.0001]. The regressions should be applied to mathematically correct feather or whole blood δ13C and δ15N values when comparing isotopic ratios within and between ecological studies on birds. 相似文献
86.
Alice Carravieri Paco Bustamante Carine Churlaud Aymeric Fromant Yves Cherel 《Marine Biology》2014,161(4):963-968
One major limitation in the use of body feathers of seabirds as a monitoring tool of the trophic structure and contamination levels of marine ecosystems is the degree of heterogeneity in feather chemical composition within individuals. Here, we tested the hypothesis that moulting patterns drive body feather heterogeneity, with synchronous moult minimizing within-individual variations, in contrast to asynchronous feather growth. Chicks of white-chinned petrels Procellaria aequinoctialis (representative of bird chicks) and adults of king penguins Aptenodytes patagonicus (representative of adult penguins) that moult their body feathers synchronously showed very low within-individual variations in their feather δ13C and δ15N values and mercury (Hg) concentrations. By contrast, body feathers of adults of Antarctic prions Pachyptila desolata (representative of adult seabirds with asynchronous feather growth during a protracted moult) presented much higher within-individual variances for the three parameters. These findings have three important implications for birds presenting a synchronous body moult. (1) They suggest that all body feathers from the same individual have identical δ13C and δ15N values and Hg content. (2) They predict negligible within-individual variations in the body feather values of other useful stable isotopes, such as δ2H and δ34S, as well as in the concentrations of other compounds that are deposited in the keratin structure. (3) Analysis of one or any number of pooled body feathers is equally representative of the individual. In conclusion, we recommend that long-term routine monitoring investigations focus on birds presenting synchronous rather than asynchronous moult of body feathers both in marine and terrestrial environments. This means targeting chicks rather than adults and, for seabirds, penguins rather than adults of flying species. 相似文献
87.
Rehema M. White Birgit Schmook Sophie Calmé Anthony J. Giordano Yves Hausser Lynn Kimmel Lou Lecuyer Mauro Lucherini Crisol Méndez-Medina Juan L. Peña-Mondragón 《Conservation biology》2023,37(3):e14057
Conservation biology is a mission-driven discipline that must navigate a new relationship between conservation and science. Because conservation is a social and political as well as an ecological project, conservation biologists must practice interdisciplinarity and collaboration. In a comparative study of 7 cases (Jaguars in the Chaco, Grevy's zebra in Kenya, Beekeeping in Tanzania, Andean cats in Argentina, Jaguars in Mexico, Lobster fishing, and Black bears in Mexico), we examined motivations for collaboration in conservation, who can collaborate in conservation, and how conservation professionals can work well together. In 5 case studies, successful conservation outcomes were prioritized over livelihood benefits. In the other 2 cases, livelihoods were prioritized. All case studies employed participatory approaches. There were multiple external actors, including local and Indigenous communities, nongovernmental organizations, agencies, regional and national governments, and international organizations, which enhanced conservation and wider sustainability outcomes. Key collaboration aspects considered across the case studies were time (mismatch between relationship building and project schedules), trust required for meaningful partnerships, tools employed, and transformative potential for people, nature, and the discipline of conservation biology. We developed guidelines for successful collaboration, including long-term commitment, knowledge integration, multiscalar and plural approaches, cultivation of trust, appropriate engagement, evaluation, supporting students, and efforts for transformation. 相似文献
88.
Nadia Waegeneers Teresa Sauras-Yera Yves Thiry V. Ramón Vallejo Erik Smolders Chantal Madoz-Escande François Bréchignac 《Journal of environmental radioactivity》2009
Uptake of 137Cs was measured in different agricultural plant species (beans, lettuce, barley and ryegrass) grown in 5 undisturbed soil monoliths covering major European soil types. The first cultivation was made three years after soil contamination and plants were grown during 3 successive years. The plant–soil 137Cs transfer factors varied maximally 12-fold among soils and 35-fold among species when grown on the same soil. Single correlations between transfer factors and soil properties were found, but they varied widely with plant type and can hardly be used as a predictive tool because of the few soils used. The variation of 137Cs concentrations in plants among soils was related to differences in soil solution 137Cs and K concentrations, consistent with previous observations in hydroponics and pot trials. Absolute values of transfer factors could not be predicted based on a model validated for pot trials. The 137Cs activity concentration in soil solution decreased significantly (11- to 250-fold) for most soils in the 1997–1999 period and is partly explained by decreasing K in soil solution. Transfer factors of lettuce showed both increasing and decreasing trends between 2 consecutive years depending on soil type. The trends could be explained by the variation in 137Cs and K concentrations in soil solution. It is concluded that differences in 137Cs transfer factors among soils and trends in transfer factors as a function of time can be explained from soil solution composition, as shown previously for pot trials, although absolute values of transfer factors could not be predicted. 相似文献
89.
David J. Marcogliese Christian Blaise Daniel Cyr Yves de Lafontaine Michel Fournier Fran?ois Gagné Christian Gagnon Christiane Hudon 《Ambio》2015,44(4):257-274
The St. Lawrence River (SLR) is the second largest waterway in North America. The discharge of the City of Montreal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) represents the largest volume of treated wastewaters being released into the river. It also ranks as the largest sewage treatment plant of its kind in North America. Over the last decade, intensive multidisciplinary research has focused on assessing the impacts of Montreal wastewater effluents on the SLR. We describe the major findings of these investigations, including the determination of the fate of contaminants, bioaccumulation in fish and invertebrates, ecotoxicological measurements of aquatic animal health, evaluation of endocrine disruption, parasitism in fish, and combined effects of multiple stressors on the SLR. Impacts of the effluents from the WWTP on aquatic organisms from the SLR are both toxicological and ecological, demonstrating the need for an integrated view of the impacts of municipal effluents on aquatic ecosystems. 相似文献
90.