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61.
Ramos Marcio Antonio Gomes Bueno de Oliveira Eduardo Schneider Pião Antonio Carlos Simões Nalin de Oliveira Leite Dilza Aparecida de Franceschi de Angelis Dejanira 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2016,188(5):1-14
Environmental Monitoring and Assessment - Due to the concern with the quality of hydric resources, the monitoring is essential to evaluate and identify the anthropogenic and environmental... 相似文献
62.
文章为做好温室气体减排的前期基础研究工作,从乌鲁木齐市能源消耗现状出发,根据《IPCC指南》中的表观能源消耗量估算法及排放系数法,分别对煤炭、成品油和天然气消费所排放的CO2、CH4和N2O量进行测算和分析,结果表明:乌鲁木齐市能源部门温室气体排放量近几年增长非常迅速,且与能源消费量呈显著正相关;三大能源中,煤炭消费为温室气体排放的主要来源。 相似文献
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64.
Some researches studied the removal of steroid estrogens by enzymatic treatment, however none verified the residual estrogenicity after the enzymatic treatment at environmental conditions. In this study, the residual estrogenic activities of the key natural and synthetic steroid estrogens were investigated following enzymatic treatment with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) and laccase from Trametes versicolor. Synthetic water and municipal wastewater containing environmental concentrations of estrone, 17beta-estradiol, estriol, and 17alpha-ethinylestradiol were treated. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated that the studied steroid estrogens were completely oxidized in the wastewater reaction mixture after a 1-h treatment with either HRP (8-10 U ml(-1)) or laccase (20 U ml(-1)). Using the recombinant yeast assay, it was also confirmed that both enzymatic treatments were very efficient in removing the estrogenic activity of the studied steroid estrogens. The laccase-catalyzed process seemed to present great advantages over the HRP-catalyzed system for up-scale applications for the treatment of municipal wastewater. 相似文献
65.
Eljarrat E Martínez MA Sanz P Concejero MA Piña B Quirós L Raldúa D Barceló D 《Chemosphere》2008,71(6):1156-1161
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the environmental impact associated to PCDDs/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in the Ebro River basin. Sediments and fish from several species were sampled at three sites with different historical pollution records, including the Barbastro area with different industrial activities, and the Flix and Monzón sites, associated to heavy organochlorine compound pollution. Seventeen toxic PCDDs/Fs and 12 dioxin-like PCBs were analyzed by GC-MS. The results obtained indicated significant accumulation of dioxin-like PCBs, but not PCDDs/Fs, in sediments and fish at the Flix site compared to the other sites. Concomitantly, cytochrome p450 1A (CYP1A) expression, a known indicator for pollution by dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs, was significantly elevated in barbel (Barbus graellsii) from the Flix site, compared to the population from the Barbastro site. CYP1A expression correlated with the concentration of dioxin-like PCBs in the fish fat, whereas no significant correlation was found with PCDDs/Fs concentrations. Our data suggest a significant biological impact at the Flix site, closely related to the presence of dioxin-like PCBs, whereas the PCDDs/Fs contribution to this impact appears to be non-significant, at least in the studied sites. 相似文献
66.
ABSTRACT: A diffusive tank model has been successfully applied to the simulation of runoff from paddy fields in Japan because it can well describe the features of local water flows. The main goal of the study is to evaluate the performance of the diffusive tank model with the calibrated parameters obtained in Jyau‐Shi to simulate discharge from paddy fields in two experimental catchments located in the areas of Shing‐Ying and Ta‐Liao, Southwestern Taiwan. The simulations were verified by comparing the model results with observed runoff data from the two experimental catchments. The model predicted the discharge from the paddy fields well. This indicates that the model with the calibrated parameters may be used in other paddy fields in Taiwan. 相似文献
67.
68.
Maxine Thorel Herve Piégay Carole Barthelemy Bianca Räpple Charles-Robin Gruel Pierre Marmonier Thierry Winiarski Jean-Philippe Bedell Fanny Arnaud Gwenaelle Roux Jonh C Stella Gabrielle Seignemartin Alvaro Tena-Pagan Vincent Wawrzyniak Dad Roux-Michollet Benjamin Oursel Stéphanie Fayolle Céline Bertrand Evelyne Franquet 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(7):2019-2031
River restoration efforts require interdisciplinary approaches involving fluvial geomorphology, hydraulic engineering, ecology, sedimentology, chemistry, social geography, and sociology. We investigated the functioning of artificial structures called “Casiers Girardon” (groyne fields) in the Rhône River. We assessed potential benefits and risks linked to removing the Rhône groyne fields in a restoration context, with particular focus on the potential for increased bank erosion. Hydraulic, morphological, chemical, ecological, and social issues resulting from dismantlement were studied for terrestrialized and aquatic Casiers Girardon. Only 10% of Casiers Girardon have maintained their aquatic features, whereas most of the Casiers are terrestrialized. Our results help to confirm the effectiveness of restoration actions; however, they also indicate uncertainties and additional knowledge needs, especially in regard to potential incompatibilities between Casier restoration and conservation. Then, an interdisciplinary conceptual model was developed to identify interventions to be considered in Casiers Girardon, according to their terrestrialization rate and physiochemical characteristics (connectivity, amount of gravel vs. fine sediment, contamination level). This model synthetizes scientific results and expert judgment and provides management recommendations based on ecological and sociological expectations about the restoration of Casiers Girardon. The model highlights high heterogeneity in functioning and ecological potential between terrestrialized and aquatic Casiers. Dismantling of terrestrialized Casiers has strong potential to provide multiple benefits, whereas aquatic Casiers could be maintained as valuable backwaters. The managing guidelines for the Casiers Girardon of the Rhône River should be adapted according to local conditions, as well as expected benefits and needs, and conducted in co-ordination with all actors involved in and affected by the restoration. 相似文献
69.
Assessing river flood risk and adaptation in Europe—review of projections for the future 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz Nicola Lugeri Rutger Dankers Yukiko Hirabayashi Petra Döll Iwona Pińskwar Tomasz Dysarz Stefan Hochrainer Piotr Matczak 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2010,15(7):641-656
Flood damages have exhibited a rapid upward trend, both globally and in Europe, faster than population and economic growth. Hence, vigorous attempts of attribution of changes have been made. Flood risk and vulnerability tend to change over many areas, due to a range of climatic and nonclimatic impacts whose relative importance is site-specific. Flooding is a complex phenomenon and there are several generating mechanisms, among others intense and/or long-lasting precipitation, snowmelt, ice jam. Projected climate-driven changes in future flood frequency are complex, depending on the generating mechanism, e.g., increasing flood magnitudes where floods result of heavy rainfall and possibly decreasing magnitudes where floods are generated by spring snowmelt. Climate change is likely to cause an increase of the risk of riverine flooding across much of Europe. Projections of flood hazard in Europe based on climatic and hydrological models, reviewed in this paper, illustrate possible changes of recurrence of a 100-year flood (with probability of exceedance being 1-in-100 years) in Europe. What used to be a 100-year flood in the control period is projected to become either more frequent or less frequent in the future time horizon of concern. For a large part of the continent, large flooding is projected to become more commonplace in future, warmer climate. Due to the large uncertainty of climate projections, it is currently not possible to devise a scientifically-sound procedure for redefining design floods (e.g. 100-year flood) in order to adjust flood defenses. For the time being, we recommend to adjust design floods using a “climate change factor” approach. 相似文献
70.
Chin A Daniels MD Urban MA Piégay H Gregory KJ Bigler W Butt AZ Grable JL Gregory SV Lafrenz M Laurencio LR Wohl E 《Environmental management》2008,41(6):893-903
This article reports a study of the public perception of large wood in rivers and streams in the United States. Large wood
is an element of freshwater aquatic ecosystems that has attracted much scientific interest in recent years because of its
value in biological and geomorphological processes. At the heart of the issue is the nature of the relationship between scientific
recognition of the ecological and geomorphological benefits of wood in rivers, management practices utilizing wood for river
remediation progress, and public perceptions of in-channel wood. Surveys of students’ perceptions of riverscapes with and
without large wood in the states of Colorado, Connecticut, Georgia, Illinois, Iowa, Missouri, Oregon, and Texas suggest that
many individuals in the United States adhere to traditionally negative views of wood. Except for students in Oregon, most
respondents considered photographs of riverscapes with wood to be less aesthetically pleasing and needing more improvement
than rivers without wood. Analysis of reasons given for improvement needs suggest that Oregon students are concerned with
improving channels without wood for fauna habitat, whereas respondents elsewhere focused on the need for cleaning wood-rich
channels for flood risk management. These results underscore the importance of public education to increase awareness of the
geomorphological and ecological significance of wood in stream systems. This awareness should foster more positive attitudes
toward wood. An integrated program of research, education, and policy is advocated to bridge the gap between scientific knowledge
and public perception for effective management and restoration of river systems with wood. 相似文献