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411.
Marguerite Miguet Julien Thevenon Vincent Laugel Mathilde Lefebvre Aurélie Bourchany Jean-Baptiste Rivière Yannis Duffourd Elise Schaefer Maria Cristina Antal Rosalie Abida Anne-Sophie Weingertner Valérie Kremer Pierre Vabres Fanny Morice-Picard Marie Gonzales Dan Lipsker Sylvie Fraitag Jean-Louis Mandel Jamel Chelly Hélène Dollfus Laurence Faivre Christel Thauvin-Robinet Nadège Calmels Salima El Chehadeh 《黑龙江环境通报》2016,36(13):1276-1279
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413.
Salima Machkour-MRabet Yann Hénaut Pierre Charruau Muriel Gevrey Peter Winterton Luc Legal 《Marine Biology》2009,156(6):1321-1333
Habitat loss and degradation in the Mexican Caribbean, caused by the development of tourism, have decreased the potential
nesting area for the American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) and have fragmented the populations of the Yucatan peninsula. Our study investigated five populations (three continental:
North, South, Sian Ka’an, and two insular: Cozumel, Banco Chinchorro) of C. acutus in the Mexican Caribbean using seven different inter simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers as tools for genetic variability
and population differentiation. Three classification methods were tested and compared: distance analysis, self-organizing
map, and Bayesian methods, to evaluate the resolution of each method with ISSR markers. The 77 loci selected revealed a high
variability between populations (polymorphism from 17% for Sian Ka’an to 75% for Banco Chinchorro) with a total polymorphism
of 84% and a global coefficient of gene differentiation (G
ST
) of 0.296, but low values of Nei’s Gene diversity (from 0.065 for Sian Ka’an to 0.233 for Banco Chinchorro). Our results
suggest elevated inbreeding in all local populations with higher indices for Banco Chinchorro and lower indices for Sian Ka’an.
Three independent classification methods gave similar results, and suggested that most continental individuals are admixtures,
with different levels of introgression, with the sympatric species Crocodylus moreletii. We propose that the islands/atolls remain the sole areas with genetically “pure” American crocodiles and we discuss these
results for future conservation of this endangered crocodile species. 相似文献
414.
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416.
Yu YANG Zhicheng YU Takayuki NOSAKA Kyle DOUDRICK Kiril HRISTOVSKI Pierre HERCKES Paul WESTERHOFF 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2015,9(5):823
Increasing production and use of carbonaceous nanomaterials (NMs) will increase their release to the sewer system and to municipal wastewater treatment plants. There is little quantitative knowledge on the removal of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene oxide (GO), or few-layer graphene (FLG) from wastewater into the wastewater biomass. As such, we investigated the quantification of GO and MWCNTs by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and FLG using programmable thermal analysis (PTA), respectively. We further explored the removal of pristine and oxidized MWCNTs (O-MWCNTs), GO, and FLG in a biomass suspension. At least 96% of pristine and O-MWCNTs were removed from the water phase through aggregation and 30-min settling in presence or absence of biomass with an initial MWCNT concentration of 25 mg·L−1. Only 65% of GO was removed with biomass concentration at or above 1,000 mg·L−1 as total suspended solids (TSS) with the initial GO concentration of 25 mg·L−1. As UV-Vis spectrophotometry does not work well on quantification of FLG, we studied the removal of FLG at a lower biomass concentration (50 mg TSS·L−1) using PTA, which showed a 16% removal of FLG with an initial concentration of 1 mg·L−1. The removal data for GO and FLG were fitted using the Freundlich equation (R2 = 0.55, 0.94, respectively). The data presented in this study for carbonaceous NM removal from wastewater provides quantitative information for environmental exposure modeling and life cycle assessment. 相似文献
417.
Valve activity rhythm of the oyster Crassostrea gigas is mainly driven by tides in the field, but in the laboratory, only a circadian clock mechanism has been demonstrated. In an attempt to reconcile these results, the mechanisms underlying the circatidal rhythm were studied in the laboratory under different entrainment or free-running regimes and in the field at Arcachon (44°39′N/1°09′W) in February–April 2011). Results confirm the existence of a circadian clock in C. gigas. Under entrainment regimes (12-h dark/12-h light photoperiod and tidal cycles simulated by a reversing current flow), oysters exhibited both circadian and circatidal cycles. Under free-running conditions (e.g., continuous darkness), the endogenous rhythm appeared to be circadian. There was no experimental evidence for an endogenous circatidal rhythm, even in oysters just transferred from the field, where a clear tidal cycle was expressed. There are two possible mechanisms to explain tidal behavior in C. gigas: an exogenous tidal cue that drives tidal activity and masks the circadian rhythm and an endogenous circatidal clock that is sensitive to tidal zeitgebers and runs at tidal frequency. 相似文献
418.
Pierre‐Nicolas Carron Philippe Reigner Laurent Vallotton Jean‐Gabriel Clouet Claude Danzeisen Mathias Zürcher Bertrand Yersin 《Disasters》2014,38(2):434-450
In case of a major incident or disaster, the advance medical rescue command needs to manage several essential tasks simultaneously. These include the rapid deployment of ambulance, police, fire and evacuation services, and their coordinated activity, as well as triage and emergency medical care on site. The structure of such a medical rescue command is crucial for the successful outcome of medical evacuation at major incidents. However, little data has been published on the nature and structure of the command itself. This study presents a flexible approach to command structure, with two command heads: one emergency physician and one experienced paramedic. This approach is especially suitable for Switzerland, whose federal system allows for different structures in each canton. This article examines the development of these structures and their efficiency, adaptability and limitations with respect to major incident response in the French‐speaking part of the country. 相似文献
419.
Woldetsadik Desta Simon Marcel Pierre Knuth Dennis Hailu Hillette Gebresilassie Araya Dejen Asmare Düring Rolf-Alexander 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2021,43(9):3597-3613
Environmental Geochemistry and Health - Khat (Catha edulis) chewing is widespread in the region of East Africa. Even low levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in khat could induce public... 相似文献
420.
Arnaud Da Silva Valentijn van den Brink Guillaume Emaresi Ester Luzio Pierre Bize Amélie N. Dreiss Alexandre Roulin 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2013,67(7):1041-1052
Nest and territory defence are risky and potentially dangerous behaviours. If the resolution of life history trade-offs differs between individuals, the level of defence may also vary among individuals. Because melanin-based colour traits can be associated with life history strategies, differently coloured individuals may display different nest and territory defence strategies. We investigated this issue in the colour polymorphic tawny owl (Strix aluco) for which plumage varies from dark to light reddish melanic. Accordingly, we found that (1) our presence induced a greater response (flying around) from dark-coloured than light-coloured females and (2) dark reddish males suffered lower nest predation rates than light-coloured males. In experimentally enlarged broods, the probability that females reacted after we played back the hoot calls of a stranger male was higher if these females were lighter reddish; the opposite pattern was found in experimentally reduced broods with dark parents being more reactive than light parents. Finally, darker females alarmed more frequently when paired with a light than with a dark male, suggesting that partners adjust their behaviour to each other. We also tested whether colouration is used as a signal by conspecifics to adjust the level of their defensive behaviour. Accordingly, breeding females responded more vigorously to a dark than a light reddish stuffed tawny owl placed beside their nest. We conclude that melanin-based colouration is a signal of alternative nest and territory defence behaviour that depends on ecological factors. 相似文献