全文获取类型
收费全文 | 33136篇 |
免费 | 357篇 |
国内免费 | 615篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 753篇 |
废物处理 | 1794篇 |
环保管理 | 4485篇 |
综合类 | 4998篇 |
基础理论 | 8972篇 |
环境理论 | 7篇 |
污染及防治 | 7866篇 |
评价与监测 | 2463篇 |
社会与环境 | 2604篇 |
灾害及防治 | 166篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 144篇 |
2022年 | 287篇 |
2021年 | 257篇 |
2020年 | 244篇 |
2019年 | 237篇 |
2018年 | 1776篇 |
2017年 | 1691篇 |
2016年 | 1696篇 |
2015年 | 579篇 |
2014年 | 667篇 |
2013年 | 2021篇 |
2012年 | 1264篇 |
2011年 | 2438篇 |
2010年 | 1576篇 |
2009年 | 1562篇 |
2008年 | 1942篇 |
2007年 | 2295篇 |
2006年 | 980篇 |
2005年 | 857篇 |
2004年 | 890篇 |
2003年 | 860篇 |
2002年 | 850篇 |
2001年 | 941篇 |
2000年 | 707篇 |
1999年 | 411篇 |
1998年 | 287篇 |
1997年 | 301篇 |
1996年 | 309篇 |
1995年 | 374篇 |
1994年 | 291篇 |
1993年 | 274篇 |
1992年 | 252篇 |
1991年 | 262篇 |
1990年 | 249篇 |
1989年 | 242篇 |
1988年 | 210篇 |
1987年 | 199篇 |
1986年 | 199篇 |
1985年 | 201篇 |
1984年 | 251篇 |
1983年 | 205篇 |
1982年 | 222篇 |
1981年 | 216篇 |
1980年 | 171篇 |
1979年 | 192篇 |
1978年 | 122篇 |
1977年 | 127篇 |
1974年 | 125篇 |
1973年 | 124篇 |
1972年 | 138篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 12 毫秒
101.
Through two-choice gustatory experiments, a␣preference hierarchy was established␣for␣the␣herbivorous gastropod Norrisianorrisi Sowerby, with laminarialean kelps preferred over all other seaweeds. Among the kelps, laminae of Macrocystispyrifera were slightly preferred over Egregiamenziesii, and both were strongly preferred over sporophylls of Eiseniaarborea. E.arborea, the least preferred kelp, was consistently chosen over other algae common in the snail's habitat (Halidrysdioica, Dictyotaflabellata, and Pterocladiacapillacea) and over seaweeds believed to be edible and palatable based on their morphology, structure, and secondary chemistry (Endarachnebinghamiae, Mazzaellaflaccida, and Ulvalobata). The morphologies and structural toughness of tested seaweeds varied significantly as did their nutritional (% carbon, %
nitrogen, C:N ratio, and % ash) contents and phlorotannin concentrations; however, snails preferred to feed on kelps regardless
of nutritional content, toughness or phlorotannin concentration; and among kelps preferred to feed on the least tough species
(based on penetrometer measurements), which also were those containing the lowest phlorotannin concentrations. Preference
for kelp was not upheld in experiments using agarose thalli to which freeze-dried powder, of either the kelp Eiseniaarborea or non-kelp Endarachnebinghamiae was added, suggesting the destruction of attractant chemicals during the making of the artificial foods. Our data suggest
that the preference of N. norrisi for kelps over other potentially edible and palatable seaweeds may not be related to nutritional content, but instead may
have evolved in response to factors such as availability, habitat provision, or refuge from predation.
Received: 27 September 1996 / Accepted: 7 October 1997 相似文献
102.
The pattern of settlement over time of three broadcast spawning coral species (Cyphastrea serailia, Acanthastrea lordhowensis, and Goniastrea australensis) from the Solitary Islands (30°00′S; 153°20′E) was studied in 1995 and 1996 in order to determine the maximum length of time
these larvae could remain in the water column and still retain the ability to settle and metamorphose. Larvae were maintained
in aquaria and the number which had settled on biologically-conditioned tile pairs was monitored every 5 to 10 d. While the
majority of larvae settled quickly after becoming competent, some larvae survived and settled for extended periods after spawning.
Competency periods ranged from 26 d for C. serailia to 56 d for G. australensis and 78 d for A. lordhowensis. These data greatly extend the known competency periods for larvae of broadcast-spawning corals and indicate the potential
for transport of broadcast-spawned coral larvae over large distances. Medium to long-distance larval dispersal of the species
studied provides a mechanism for their widespread distribution in subtropical regions, on reefs which are often widely spaced
and relatively isolated.
Received: 27 May 1997 / Accepted: 27 November 1997 相似文献
103.
Karyotypic characterization of the great sturgeon, Huso huso, by multiple staining techniques and fluorescent in situ hybridization 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
F. Fontana J. Tagliavini L. Congiu M. Lanfredi M. Chicca C. Laurente R. Rossi 《Marine Biology》1998,132(3):495-501
A karyotype analysis by several staining techniques was carried out on the great sturgeon, Huso huso (Linnaeus, 1758). The karyotype (2n = 118 ± 2) was composed of 42 pairs of meta-/submetacentric chromosomes and 17 pairs of acrocentrics/microchromosomes. Constitutive
heterochromatin was mainly located at the centromeric regions of the acrocentric chromosomes. The biarmed chromosomes showed
weak C-bands. Fluorescent staining with GC-specific chromomycin A3 showed clearly recognizable fluorescent regions, whereas a more uniform base composition was revealed by the AT-specific
4,6-diamidino-2 phenylindole. After Ag-staining, nucleolar organizer regions could be observed on the short arms of two medium-sized
submetacentrics and on two acrocentrics. Digoxigenated 28S and 5S rDNA probes, prepared from Acipenser naccarii DNA and hybridized to metaphase chromosomes, showed signals on six and two chromosomes, respectively. The telomeric sequence
(TTAGGG)
n
detected by FISH was located at both ends of each chromosome. Results are discussed in relation to karyotype organization
and evolution in sturgeons.
Received: 1 April 1998 / Accepted: 21 July 1998 相似文献
104.
Three marine diatoms Lauderia annulata Cleve, Odontella sinensis (Greville) Grunow and Thalassiosira rotula Meunier were exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation of different wavebands under controlled laboratory conditions (0.035 vol%
CO2, 18 °C). Several changes in the patterns of pigments in these organisms were seen depending on the waveband of UV radiation
and species examined. UV-B and UV-B plus UV-A radiation led to a reduction in the overall pigment content of all three diatoms.
The uptake of 15N-ammonium was less affected by 5-h UV-A (WG 320) but significantly reduced after UV-B and UV-B plus UV-A exposure. The pattern
of free amino acid pools varied depending on the applied UV wavebands and the tested diatom. The main protein-bound amino
acids of T. rotula decreased after 5-h UV irradiance except leucine. Contents of adenosine 5′-mono-, di-, and triphosphate (AMP, ADP and ATP)
were affected differently by UV radiation; ATP values increased at the end of UV-B and UV-B plus UV-A exposure. These results
have been discussed with reference to the impact of the different UV sources and the influence on the nitrogen metabolism
in connection to pigments and supply with energy.
Received: 13 May 1997 / Accepted: 11 October 1997 相似文献
105.
106.
利用玉米浸泡液产电的微生物燃料电池研究 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:5
以玉米淀粉生产过程中的浸泡液(玉米浸泡液)作为接种液和基质,利用“三合一”膜电极的单室空气阴极微生物燃料电池进行试验,采用在线监测电压和废水分析方法对产电功率和化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮进行测定,探讨高COD、高氨氮有机废水产电及废水处理的可行性.结果表明,经过94 d(1个周期)的连续运行(固定外电阻为1 000 Ω),17 d时输出电压达到最大(525.0 mV),稳定期最大输出功率可达169.6 mW/m2,此时电池相应的电流密度为440.2 mA/m2,内阻约为350 Ω,开路电压619.5 mV;但燃料电池电子利用效率较低(库仑效率为1.6%);1个周期结束时浸泡液的COD去除率达到51.6%,氨氮去除率25.8%.本试验利用玉米浸泡液成功获得电能,同时对浸泡液有效地进行了处理,为其资源化利用提供新途径. 相似文献
107.
典型海岛生态系统服务及价值评估 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7
海洋生态系统服务评估相关研究主要集中在特殊海洋生态系统的评估方面.海岛生态系统兼有陆地和海洋的生态系统特征,生态系统组成、结构复杂,很多的服务表现为岛陆互相交错,难以分别计量.选择庙岛群岛南五岛作为研究区域,研究了其生态系统服务,并进行了价值评估.结果表明:2003年庙岛群岛南五岛生态系统服务总价值为3.08×108元.其中,市场价值占到总服务价值的50.99%,与非市场价值基本持平.对于非市场生态系统服务,如气候调节、废弃物处理等,我们仅计算了目前人们已经认识到和容易计算的生态系统服务部分.因此,该研究仅为对庙岛群岛南五岛生态系统服务价值的保守估算. 相似文献
108.
109.
110.
Veselkin D. V. Korzhinevskaya A. A. Podgaevskaya E. N. 《Russian Journal of Ecology》2018,49(6):465-474
Russian Journal of Ecology - We estimated when the edge effect appears in the herb–dwarf shrub layer of pine forests near Yekaterinburg (Central Urals; Southern Taiga subzone) on 14 transects... 相似文献