区域(城市)水体中主要有机毒物的筛选

本研究发展了区域(或城市)水体中主要有毒化学品的筛选方法。 在城市下游采集大体积水样,用CH_2Cl_2洗脱,再用有机溶剂萃取,用硅胶柱把有机物分成许多馏分,馏分最终变为水溶液。每个馏分中有机物浓度比原水大1000倍。用这种馏分水溶液进行溞的急性毒性试验和Ames试验。只对毒性大的馏分进行色谱/质谱/数据系统的鉴定和定量分析,然后根据各个化合物的急性毒性、降解难易和“三致”物质的资料及原水样中有机物的浓度资料,就可筛选出一个区域(城市)水体中的主要有毒化学品。     

青藏高原科学考察研究的新阶段

<正> 解放后我国对青藏高原组织过多次科学考察,特别是1973年开始的全面、系统的青藏高原综合科学考察,取得了丰硕的成果,在国际上产生了较大的影响。70年代开始的这次针对全部高原的科学考察分为3个阶段:第一阶段(1973—1980年)考察了西藏自治区;第二阶段(1981—1986年)考察了川西、藏东和滇西北的横断山区;第三阶段自1987     

Cells of the connective tissue differentiate and migrate into pollen sacs

In angiosperms, archesporial cells in the anther primordium undergo meiosis to form haploid pollen, the sole occupants of anther sacs. Anther sacs are held together by a matrix of parenchyma cells, the connective tissue. Cells of the connective tissue are not known to differentiate. We report the differentiation of parenchyma cells in the connective tissue of two Gordonia species into pollen-like structures (described as pseudopollen), which migrate into the anther sacs before dehiscence. Pollen and pseudopollen were distinguishable by morphology and staining. Pollen were tricolpate to spherical while pseudopollen were less rigid and transparent with a ribbed surface. Both types were different in size, shape, staining and surface architecture. The ratio of the number of pseudopollen to pollen was 1:3. During ontogeny in the connective tissue, neither cell division nor tetrad formation was observed and hence pseudopollen were presumed to be diploid. Only normal pollen germinated on a germination medium. Fixed preparations in time seemed to indicate that pseudopollen migrate from the connective tissue into the anther sac.     

FAO生产潜力模型中基本参数的修正

用美国Licor -6200便携式光合作用测定仪对黄淮海主要作物叶片光合进行了测定 ,建立了较强机理的冠层光合模型 ,模型时间积分为瞬时尺度并充分考虑了株型对冠层光合的影响 ,验证结果表明模型具有较高的准确度。在此基础上 ,对deWit在1965年用数值模式计算出的、目前仍在国内大量使用的FAO生产力模型中最基本的参数进行了重新计算 ,发现FAO生产力模型中基本参数对黄淮海地区而言存在较大偏差。文中重新给出了冬小麦、夏玉米两种作物冠层CO2 日总同化量随纬度分布表 ,为以后更准确地计算中国不同作物生产潜力提供了最基本的模型参数 ,同时文中也阐明了作者对国内生产潜力研究的一些观点和看法。     

北海污水汽提装置运行探讨

介绍北海分公司含硫污水汽提装置改造情况及运行效果，并对装置存在的问题进行分析，提出解决办法。     

三峡库区总磷污染现状及防治措施

根据2002年实测水质资料，对三峡库区总磷污染现状进行了评价：三峡库区总磷浓度基本上能满足Ⅲ类水质标准，多数断面总磷浓度能满足Ⅱ类水质标准，嘉陵江、乌江总磷浓度普遍低于长江。并对总磷负荷来源进行了分析，提出了相应的防治措施。     

关于义县生态环境保护与建设方案

根据义县生态环境的现状及存在的问题，运用生态学原理，提出了水土保持与退耕还林还草、水资源保护与科学利用、农村能源建设、村屯生态建设、发展生态农业经济、自然保护区建设等相应的建设方案。     

基于GIS的煤矿生产安全管理系统

煤矿生产安全管理系统本着服务矿山、建设数字化矿山的原则，目的是实现矿山安全信息的收集、管理、可视化分析，针对不同的管理层人员的需求提供相关服务，给决策者提供安全策略。利用地理信息系统(GIS)的数据显示、分析能力．并结合网络化的数据库管理系统(DBMS)能很好地实现矿山安全管理系统的各种功能。例如：安全人员人工检测或自动监测仪器检测的数据，经过系统处理后在地图上相关区域标示安全等级和基本安全情况，通过系统的近似分析优化生产区避难所的选址、设置应急路线等。     

Relation between some variations of soil and surface vegetatio and desertization in agriculture-pasture interlacing zone an example from Kangbao County,North Hebei,China

The studied agriculture-pasture interlacing zone has its specific natural conditions,at which the natural systems are unstable ,their self-regulation capability is low and the equilibrium is easily broken, and hence the habitat is fairly vulnerable.During last 20 years the increasing population and livestock ,over-reclamation,over-pasturing,over-deforesting, and other intensified negative human activities in the zone resulted in coarsening of surface soil,decrease of organic mater content in soil, reduction of vegetation coverage ,variation and degradation of flora structure, and hence in desertization of the land, although average of gales and sandstorms some decreased and the climate tended to be better in the region.However, the frequent sandstorms occurring in the springs of last and present years has attracted much attention.Investigations confirmed that the main cause for the phenomena is the unreasonable human activites rater than the natural factors.