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11.
Shichang Kang Chaoliu Li Feiyue Wang Qianggong Zhang Zhiyuan Cong 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(27):4243-4246
Many herders in the Tibetan Plateau still inherit the traditional lifestyle, including living in tents and burning yak dung for fuel. This short correspondence reports a pilot study on indoor air quality in the nomadic tents in the Nam Co region, inland Tibetan Plateau. The results showed very high concentrations of total suspended particles (TSP), averaging at 4.45 mg m?3 during the cooking/heating period (with daily value of 3.16 mg m?3). Elevated concentrations of toxic element Cd, As and Pb were also found within the tents, averaging 3.16 μg m?3, 35.00 μg m?3, and 81.39 μg m?3 for a day, respectively, which were not only far higher than those of WHO indoor air quality guidelines, but also more than 104–106 times higher than the outdoor air level in the Nam Co area. The study raises serious concerns over the health of Tibetan herders following their long-term exposure to the tent air. 相似文献
12.
Chen Pengfei Kang Shichang Tripathee Lekhendra Panday Arnico K. Rupakheti Maheswar Rupakheti Dipesh Zhang Qianggong Guo Junming Li Chaoliu Pu Tao 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(10):10617-10628
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Total suspended particles (TSP) were collected in Lumbini from April 2013 to March 2016 to better understand the characteristics of carbonaceous... 相似文献
13.
Li C Kang S Chen P Zhang Q Fang GC 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(5):1620-1628
INTRODUCTION: Exposure to trace metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) adsorbed on particulates is of a serious health concern. Levels of some trace metals in total suspended particulate and 13 PAHs of fine particulate matter were measured from nomadic tents in the southern Tibetan Plateau in summer 2010. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The indoor air within the tents was seriously polluted, mainly due to yak dung combustion. Average trace metal concentrations were much higher (range of indoor/outdoor ratio 61-291) than those of the outdoor air. Additionally, enrichment factors of most trace metals of indoor air were similar to those of outdoor air, indicating outdoor air quality of the studied area was possibly influenced by pollutants emitted from local tents. Mean concentrations of total PAHs and BaP within tents was 5372.45 and 364.79 ng/m(3), hundred times higher than that of outdoor air of the Tibetan Plateau. Three- and four-ring PAHs were the predominant components. The diagnostic ratio of BaA/(BaA + Chr) was 0.33. Since Tibetan women typically spend longer time within the tents, they were exposed to PAHs (BaP exposure = 1.81 μg/m(3)) about two times of other family members. Among all the PAHs, Bap contributed the most (82.6%) of the total carcinogenicity. Similarly, the excess lifetime cancer risk for women and other family members were 2.75 × 10(-4) and 1.27 × 10(-4), respectively, indicating Tibetan herdsmen, especially women who are in charge of most house chores were at risk for adverse health effects. 相似文献
14.
"十二五"以来中国先后颁布了一系列大气污染防治政策并实施相应的大气污染治理措施以提高环境空气质量。为研究西藏自治区"十二五"(2011-2015年)和"十三五"(2016 -2020年)时期环境空气质量变化状况,评估大气污染防治措施实施效果,笔者对2011-2020年西藏自治区7个城市(地区)主要大气污染物浓度和优良天数比例变化进行分析。结果表明:随着一系列大气污染防治措施的实施,西藏自治区环境空气质量显著提升,与"十二五"时期相比,"十三五"时期西藏自治区年平均优良天数比例由97.5%±2.0%提升至99.3%±0.4%,SO2、 NO2、 PM10、 PM2.5浓度年均值和CO 浓度第95百分位数均呈下降趋势,其中CO、PM10和PM2.5浓度下降幅度较大,O3日最大8h滑动平均值第90百分位数略有上升。西藏自治区环境空气质量与人口、经济发展程度呈负相关关系。受污染源排放、气象条件和区域传输等因素影响,西藏自治区O3浓度春、夏季较高,而其余污染物浓度冬季较高。 相似文献