Mobility and sulfidization of heavy metals in sediments of a shallow eutrophic lake, Lake Taihu, China

The technique of DGT (diffusive gradients in thin films) using three diffusive gel thicknesses was applied to estimate the mobility and bioavailability of heavy metals in sediments and porewater of Lake Taihu, China. The DGT results showed significantly positive correlations between Co, Pb, Cd and Mn, and Ni and Fe concentrations in porewater. Cu and Zn showed a significantly negative correlation with Mn, due to Cu combination with carbonates and Zn derived from agricultural pollution, respectively. The rank order of average concentrations of Co, Ni and Cd at each station was DGT_1.92 > DGT_0.78 > DGT_0.39, suggesting stronger resupply from sediments to porewater when using thicker diffusive gels. Comparing centrifugation and DGT measurements, Co, Ni and Cd are highly labile; Mn and Fe are moderately labile; and Cu, Zn and Pb are slightly labile. The variations of AVS concentrations in sediment cores indicate that metal sulfides in deeper layers are easily diffused into surface sediments.     

中国光伏组件报废量的预测

在采用威布尔分布模型分析光伏组件使用寿命分布情况的基础上,使用神经网络模型和市场供给A模型分别对中国光伏装机容量和组件报废量进行预测。将光伏组件按照不同质量分成2阶段,考虑不同退化情景预测组件报废量,并计算组件中有价值材料和金属报废量。预测结果表明:2025年后中国光伏组件报废量爆发,到2050年,中国光伏组件报废量最高可达60. 22 GW,累计报废最高可达673 GW。在4种退化情景下,到2050年,典型贵金属方面最高产生3134. 5 t的Ag;稀有金属方面最高产生228. 1 t的Te; 463. 4 t的Cd,58. 5 t的Ga,29. 8 t的In;有毒有害金属方面最高产生263. 9 t的Pb; Si最高产生量43735. 4 t。到2050年,光伏组件材料累积废弃总量最高可达64623193. 6 t。     

高职院校计算机应用专业《JSP动态网站设计》课程改革探析

通过分析当前社会需求,结合高职高专院校目前的教学模式,提出计算机应用专业的《JSP动态网站设计》课程的教学改革方案。在基于工作任务的lAPP（导入-分析-实践-项目）教学情境中,开展“课堂实训＋虚拟公司＋校外实训基地”三位一体的实践模式教学,同时,将对工作过程的考核纳入课程的整个考核体系之中,使学生在课程中能够获得真实的职业体验和完善的实践能力。     

Fenton试剂降解PAM催化剂的研究

采用Fenton试剂氧化降解含油废水中的聚丙烯酰胺,研究了H2O2用量、催化剂种类及用量对降解聚丙烯酰胺效果的影响。结果表明,H2O2用量为聚丙烯酰胺的20%为宜;CuCl2具有和FeSO4、Fe(NO3)3、FeCl3相近的催化效果,并且可以作为一种在较高pH值条件下应用的催化剂;在优选条件下该氧化体系可以使聚丙烯酰胺黏度大大降低。     

香根草人工湿地处理生活污水的试验研究

通过建立香根草人工湿地系统,研究该系统对生活污水的COD、TP、TN的处理效果以及系统的耐污性。在水力停留时间(HRT)为6h的条件下,COD、TP、TN的去除率分别为63.5%、88.3%、72.4%。研究表明,香根草人工湿地系统对城镇生活污水具有较好的净化效果,且系统在该试验条件下耐污性良好。     

组合工艺处理填埋场渗滤液中溶解性有机污染物的去除特性

以采用"SBR+混凝+Fenton氧化+BAF"组合工艺处理的晚期垃圾渗滤液各级出水为研究对象,考察了HA、FA和HyI等溶解性有机物(DOM s)在各个工艺处理过程中的变化。结果表明,组合工艺COD和NH3-N去除率分别达到98.4%和99.3%;对DOM s的去除率为98.3%,其中胡敏酸(HA)、富里酸(FA)和亲水性有机物(HyI)的去除率分别为98.3%、99.5%和95.7%。各处理工艺中SBR和混凝工艺对HA和HyI的去除贡献较大,Fenton氧化工艺对FA去除率较高。Fenton氧化和BAF联用,可以有效去除难降解的溶解性有机污染物,使出水达到《生活垃圾填埋污染控制标准》(GB16889-2008)排放标准。     

混凝-Fenton试剂氧化工艺处理机械厂洗涤废水

对某厂机械洗涤废水,采用混凝-Fenton试剂进行处理。结果表明,用聚铝（w（PAC）=5%）对废水进行絮凝沉淀,PAC最佳投加量为1.5 mL/L（废水）,絮凝后的COD去除率为29.6%;芬顿试剂最佳操作条件为：n（H2O2）∶n（Fe2＋）=5∶1,m（H2O2）∶m（COD）=2.5∶1,废水pH=5,温度为30℃,反应时间为2 h,经氧化后,COD的去除率为78.5%;经过混凝沉淀-芬顿氧化处理,COD的总去除率为84.9%,去除效果良好。     

CaH_2对Cu-Ce-La-ZSM-5催化分解NO性能的影响

实验采用一步离子交换法制备Cu-Ce-La-ZSM-5催化剂,然后采用共混法制得Cu-Ce-La-ZSM-5/CaH2催化剂。采用扫描电镜(SEM),电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES),X射线衍射(XRD),红外(FTIR)以及NO吸脱附(NO-TPD)对催化剂进行表征。结果显示CaH2的加入使得催化剂中铜离子存在形式发生变化,催化剂表面变光滑洁净,并且吸附NO能力增强。NO催化分解实验的结果表明CaH2提高了催化剂活性和抗氧性。CaH2助催性是由于其受热分解过程中产生的H2能将Cu2+还原为具有催化活性的Cu+,同时使催化剂表面洁净光滑更容易吸附NO。     

Persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals in adipose tissues of patients with uterine leiomyomas and the association of these pollutants with seafood diet, BMI, and age

Background, aim, and scope  

Persistent organic pollutants and heavy metals can cause diseases in women, however, the relationships of these pollutants and uterine leiomyomas (UL), which are non-cancerous tumors of the uterus, are unclear. This study focused on the quantification of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and heavy metals in subcutaneous and visceral fat obtained from patients with UL and in subcutaneous fat of a control group of women without UL to determine if there were any correlations between concentrations of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metals and the incidence of UL.