全文获取类型
收费全文 | 44411篇 |
免费 | 498篇 |
国内免费 | 343篇 |
专业分类
安全科学 | 1386篇 |
废物处理 | 2066篇 |
环保管理 | 5964篇 |
综合类 | 7028篇 |
基础理论 | 11970篇 |
环境理论 | 18篇 |
污染及防治 | 10977篇 |
评价与监测 | 2973篇 |
社会与环境 | 2582篇 |
灾害及防治 | 288篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 346篇 |
2021年 | 416篇 |
2020年 | 276篇 |
2019年 | 330篇 |
2018年 | 595篇 |
2017年 | 653篇 |
2016年 | 1002篇 |
2015年 | 728篇 |
2014年 | 1150篇 |
2013年 | 3601篇 |
2012年 | 1395篇 |
2011年 | 1892篇 |
2010年 | 1553篇 |
2009年 | 1603篇 |
2008年 | 1946篇 |
2007年 | 1925篇 |
2006年 | 1720篇 |
2005年 | 1526篇 |
2004年 | 1468篇 |
2003年 | 1418篇 |
2002年 | 1338篇 |
2001年 | 1616篇 |
2000年 | 1161篇 |
1999年 | 690篇 |
1998年 | 548篇 |
1997年 | 585篇 |
1996年 | 603篇 |
1995年 | 707篇 |
1994年 | 617篇 |
1993年 | 555篇 |
1992年 | 564篇 |
1991年 | 553篇 |
1990年 | 544篇 |
1989年 | 524篇 |
1988年 | 482篇 |
1987年 | 427篇 |
1986年 | 397篇 |
1985年 | 401篇 |
1984年 | 461篇 |
1983年 | 416篇 |
1982年 | 474篇 |
1981年 | 395篇 |
1980年 | 311篇 |
1979年 | 348篇 |
1978年 | 309篇 |
1977年 | 267篇 |
1975年 | 251篇 |
1974年 | 251篇 |
1973年 | 288篇 |
1972年 | 261篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 296 毫秒
701.
在印度洋中部查戈斯礁群的大多数珊瑚死亡之后3年,对30m水深以浅珊瑚的侵蚀和恢复情况进行了研究.北部环礁15m水深以浅、中部和南部环礁>35m处的珊瑚差不多全部死亡.由于密集珊瑚丛的损失,一些礁体"表面"下降了1 5m.珊瑚的生物侵蚀情况严重,减少了三维礁体"结构"并形成松散的碎石.幼年珊瑚数量众多,尽管大部分是在侵蚀的或不稳定的基底上,并且稳定种较少.在15m的深度,礁体间鱼类丰度和多样性仍旧较高;依赖于珊瑚生存的物种减少,而一些食草动物和食碎屑动物则增加.一个新的海面温度(SST)数据集表明,平均SST自1950年以来升高了0.65℃.造成查戈斯珊瑚礁死亡的临界SST是29.9℃. 相似文献
702.
703.
704.
Cooperative prey retrieval in the monomorphic ant Formica schaufussi is carried out by workers that perform functionally distinct roles which persist only for the duration of a single retrieval event. A forager (scout) that locates prey too large to retrieve individually organizes cooperative prey transport by recruiting nestmates (recruits) to assist in retrieval. The scout and recruit roles appear to be determined by whether a worker activates recruitment or is recruited from the nest. Scouts organize recruitment and play a key role in maintaining the cohesion of the retrieval group. If a scout that has initiated group transport is experimentally removed, the recruited workers composing the retrieval group typically abandon the prey and cooperative foraging is terminated. In this context, recruits are unable to function as scouts and reorganize group transport. Individuals marked as recruits in one prey retrieval, however, can switch and act as scouts in subsequent retrievals. Because the roles of individuals persist within but not between retrieval events, the specialization involved in cooperative prey retrieval cannot easily be explained as a response associated with age-related or genetic predispositions. This transient division-of-labor, in which individual roles may persist only for the duration of a single group action, represents a novel type of short-term individual specialization. 相似文献
705.
R.H. Field S. Benke K. Bdonyi R.B. Bradbury 《Agriculture, ecosystems & environment》2007,120(2-4):399-404
Bird use of conservation tillage-established (CT—seedbed preparation without soil inversion) crops was assessed at two adjacent sites in western Hungary, in comparison with conventionally established (mouldboard ploughed—P) fields. Bird abundance was assessed in a typical rotation of spring-sown maize and winter wheat in three consecutive winters. In the first winter, several species and the guild of seed-eating passerines were significantly more abundant on CT established plots, in both crop types. In the second winter, only starlings were more abundant on CT plots. In the third winter, only skylarks favoured CT over P plots. In combination with agri-environment scheme measures designed to provide resources for biodiversity, conservation tillage could play a role in softening the impact of agriculture on farmland birds in Hungary and elsewhere in Eastern Europe, in addition to its potential for reducing soil erosion and diffuse pollution. 相似文献
706.
J. Caspar Rüegg 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1998,85(12):575-582
2+ concentrations tropomyosin is located at the edge of the thin filament, thereby interfering with the formation of strong
actin-myosin linkages (blocked state). An increase in Ca2+ activity causes an azimuthal shift of tropomyosin around the filament (by about 30°), thereby increasing the probability
of low-force crossbridge interaction, a process which by cooperative effects induces further tropomyosin movement (by an additional
10°) which results in the open state of the filament characterized by forceful crossbridge interaction. (This mechanism may
be analogous to that in ligand-gated ion channels, where ligand binding increases the open probability of the pore.) The extent
of activation then depends on the free Ca2+ concentration and on the calcium sensitivity of the thin filament that may be affected by protein phosphorylation, crossbridge
attachment, the troponin isoform composition of the filament, and novel calcium-sensitizing drugs that act on the contractile
or regulatory proteins and thus increase the force of the heart. 相似文献
707.
708.
Kurz Werner A. Beukema Sarah J. Apps Michael J. 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》1997,2(4):405-421
Land-use change from an unmanaged to a managed forested landscape in northern forests is associated with a reduction of the
area annually affected by natural disturbances (wildfires and forest insects) and the introduction of harvesting as a new
disturbance. This study examined the impacts of changes in the disturbance regime-the frequency and type of disturbance-on
landscape-level carbon (C) content and fluxes. The Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector was used to assess these
impacts in six representative landscapes (100,000 ha each) with a range of disturbance regimes that are characteristic of
conditions in coastal British Columbia, the interior of British Columbia, and the eastern boreal forest in Canada. The model
was used to simulate ecosystem C fluxes during a period of natural disturbances, a 50-year transition period during which
harvesting replaced natural disturbances, followed by 150 years of harvesting. The initial landscape-level biomass C content
under natural disturbance regimes in the six example landscapes was 22 to 75% of their potential maximum content which is
often used as the reference or baseline case. After 200 years of forest management, the C stored in the landscape plus the
C retained in forest products manufactured from harvested biomass was between 58 and 101% of the landscape C content prior
to the onset of harvesting. Landscape-level ecosystem C content was found to be affected by changes in the disturbance frequency,
the age-dependence of the disturbance probabilities, and the disturbance-specific impacts on ecosystem C content. The results
indicate that using the potential maximum C content of a landscape as the baseline always overestimates the actual C release
due to land use change. A more meaningful procedure would be to assess the actual differences in landscape-level C content
between the natural and the managed disturbance regime. 相似文献
709.
710.