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81.
S. Jaquemet M. Potier Y. Cherel J. Kojadinovic P. Bustamante P. Richard T. Catry J. A. Ramos M. Le Corre 《Marine Biology》2008,155(5):505-520
Over 6-million pairs of sooty terns Sterna fuscata breed once a year in the southwest Indian Ocean, mostly on three islands of the Mozambique Channel (Europa, Juan de Nova
and Glorieuses) and in the Seychelles region. Seasonal reproduction in either winter or summer is the dominant strategy in
the area, but non-seasonal reproduction also occurred in some places like at Glorieuses Archipelago. The feeding ecology of
the sooty tern was investigated during the breeding seasons to determine whether terns showed significant differences in their
trophic ecology between locations. Regurgitations were analyzed to describe the diet of individuals when breeding, and stable
isotopes and mercury concentrations were used to temporally integrate over the medium-term of the trophic ecology of both
adults and chicks. Overall, the diet was composed of fish, flying squid and fish larvae in different proportions. At Europa
and Aride in the Seychelles, where winter reproduction occurs, large epipelagic prey like flying fish or squid dominated the
diet. At Juan de Nova, sooty terns reproduce in summer and rely mostly on fish larvae. At Glorieuses (non-seasonal breeding),
the diet was intermediate with fish larvae and flying squid being important prey items. The stable-carbon and nitrogen isotope
values in blood confirm the differences observed in dietary analysis, and demonstrate different feeding strategies between
colonies. δ13C values of feathers showed spatial segregation between birds from the Mozambique Channel and the Seychelles region. Terns
from the Seychelles had also higher δ15N values. Feather δ13C values also suggest a significant shift from summer to wintering habitat for birds from Juan de Nova. This study emphasizes
the high phenotypic plasticity of the species, which may explain its numerical dominance in all tropical waters of the World’s
Ocean. 相似文献
82.
The effects of soil amendments on heavy metal bioavailability in two contaminated Mediterranean soils 总被引:19,自引:0,他引:19
Walker DJ Clemente R Roig A Bernal MP 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2003,122(2):303-312
Two heavy metal contaminated calcareous soils from the Mediterranean region of Spain were studied. One soil, from the province of Murcia, was characterised by very high total levels of Pb (1572 mg kg(-1)) and Zn (2602 mg kg(-1)), whilst the second, from Valencia, had elevated concentrations of Cu (72 mg kg(-1)) and Pb (190 mg kg(-1)). The effects of two contrasting organic amendments (fresh manure and mature compost) and the chelate ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on soil fractionation of Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn, their uptake by plants and plant growth were determined. For Murcia soil, Brassica juncea (L.) Czern. was grown first, followed by radish (Raphanus sativus L.). For Valencia soil, Beta maritima L. was followed by radish. Bioavailability of metals was expressed in terms of concentrations extractable with 0.1 M CaCl2 or diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA). In the Murcia soil, heavy metal bioavailability was decreased more greatly by manure than by the highly-humified compost. EDTA (2 mmol kg(-1) soil) had only a limited effect on metal uptake by plants. The metal-solubilising effect of EDTA was shorter-lived in the less contaminated, more highly calcareous Valencia soil. When correlation coefficients were calculated for plant tissue and bioavailable metals, the clearest relationships were for Beta maritima and radish. 相似文献
83.
Marmett Bruna Carvalho Roseana Böek Dorneles Gilson Pires da Silva Igor Martins Romão Pedro Roosevelt Torres Nunes Ramiro Barcos Rhoden Cláudia Ramos 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(31):39019-39028
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Obesity and physical inactivity threaten human health, and both could be solved with exercise. However, a higher amount of pollutants is inhaled... 相似文献
84.
85.
Edumar Ramos Cabral Coelho Lorena Frasson Loureiro Miguel Angelo Schettino Jr. Jair Carlos Checon de Freitas 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2020,55(4):361-375
AbstractActivated carbons are well-known porous materials as an effective adsorbent used for the removal of emerging contaminants, such as herbicides, which are increasingly present in water bodies. Most water treatment plants, specially in Brazil, are unable to completely remove such contaminants by the conventional process and advanced treatment using activated carbons is required. The aim of this paper was to verify the influence of the activated carbons granulometry and specific surface area on the 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) herbicide removal efficiency using distilled-deionized water and filtered water collected from a conventional Water Treatment Plant. Commercial activated carbons samples used in this work were obtained from two different manufacturers. Activated carbons were analyzed by the specific surface area, pore size and volume distribution, nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared and x-ray spectroscopy, moisture, volatile matter and ash contents. Batch adsorption isotherms experiments were used and performed by Langmuir and Freundlich models. Granular and powdered activated carbons removed over 99% of 2,4-D in distilled water and near to 99% using filtered water. The activated carbons evaluated in this work presented high performance and played a key role in water treatment by removing 2,4-D herbicide, ensuring the protection of human health and the ecosystem. 相似文献
86.
Salerno Jonathan Chapman Colin A. Diem Jeremy E. Dowhaniuk Nicholas Goldman Abraham MacKenzie Catrina A. Omeja Patrick Aria Palace Michael W. Reyna-Hurtado Rafael Ryan Sadie J. Hartter Joel 《Regional Environmental Change》2018,18(3):913-928
Regional Environmental Change - Landscapes are changing rapidly in regions where rural people live adjacent to protected parks and reserves. This is the case in highland East Africa, where many... 相似文献
87.
M. Hafidi G. Ait Baddi V. Gilard P. Ramos K. Alimi J. C. Revel 《Chemistry and Ecology》2005,21(4):313-324
Elemental analysis, fluorescence spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were applied to the study of fulvic acids isolated from different stages during olive mill waste composting. The fulvic extracted acids are characterized by a high nitrogen content and O/C ratio values that may result from the high degree of humification and the synthesis of more condensed humic complexes. This was confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy in the synchronous-scan mode by the decrease of shoulder intensities at intermediate wavelengths indicating the increase of polycondensation and conjugation of unsaturated structures and the greater uniformity of fluorophores. Fluorescence spectra in the emission, excitation and synchronous modes became simpler with compost maturation. This was confirmed by DSC results which proved the high degree of polycondensation of aromatic nuclei of fulvic acid molecules during olive mill waste composting. 相似文献
88.
Wendlandt Amézaga Teodoro Rafael Camarena José Luis Celaya Figueroa Roberto Garduño Realivazquez Karla Alejandra 《Environment, Development and Sustainability》2022,24(1):765-788
Environment, Development and Sustainability - Current trends such as imminent overpopulation and the take-make-waste economic model are largely responsible for the planet’s dire situation.... 相似文献
89.
Martuzevicius D Grinshpun SA Reponen T Górny RL Shukla R Lockey J Hu S McDonald R Biswas P Kliucininkas L Lemasters G 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2004,38(8):1091-1105
The PM(2.5) concentration and its elemental composition were measured in the Cincinnati metropolitan area, which is characterized by intense highway traffic. The spatial and temporal variations were investigated for various chemical elements that contributed to the PM(2.5) fraction during a 1-year-long measurement campaign (December 2001-November 2002). The ambient aerosol monitoring was performed in 11 locations around the city during nine measurement cycles. During each cycle, four Harvard-type impactors were operating in parallel in specific locations to explore various factors affecting the PM(2.5) elemental concentrations. The sampling was performed during business days, thus assuring traffic uniformity. The 24-h PM(2.5) samples were collected on Teflon and quartz filters. Teflon filters were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis while quartz filters were analyzed by thermal-optical transmittance (TOT) analysis. In addition to PM(2.5) measurements, particle size-selective sampling was performed in two cycles using micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor; the collected fractionated deposits were analyzed by XRF. It was found that PM(2.5) concentration ranged from 6.70 to 48.3 mug m(-3) and had low spatial variation (median coefficient of variation, CV=11.3%). The elemental concentrations demonstrated high spatial variation, with the median CV ranged from 38.2% for Fe to 68.7% for Ni. For traffic-related trace metals, the highest concentration was detected in the city center site, which was close to a major highway. The particle size selective measurement revealed that mass concentration of the trace metals, such as Zn, Pb, Ni, as well as that of sulfur reach their peak values in the particle size range of 0.32-1.0 mum. Meteorological parameters and traffic intensity were not found to have a significant influence on the PM(2.5) elemental concentrations. 相似文献
90.
A sequencing batch reactor was used to study the possibility of harvesting polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) from enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) processes without compromising treatment quality. Because, in EBPR, the highest PHA concentrations are observed after exposure of the sludge to anaerobic conditions, PHA accumulation was evaluated with collection of waste activated sludge (WAS) at the end of the anaerobic stage, in addition to the traditional removal after the aerobic stage. The system achieved good phosphorus removal, regardless of the point of WAS collection. When sludge was harvested at the end of the anaerobic stage, the PHA content of the sludge ranged from 7 to 16 mg PHA/100 mg mixed liquor volatile suspended solids. Although this level of PHA production is below levels obtained with pure cultures, the demonstrated ability to harvest PHA, while simultaneously satisfying phosphorus removal in an EBPR process, is a key initial step towards of the use of wastewater treatment plants for PHA production. 相似文献