A methodological framework to operationalize climate risk management: managing sovereign climate-related extreme event risk in Austria

Despite considerable uncertainties regarding the exact contribution of anthropogenic climate change to disaster risk, rising losses from extreme events have highlighted the need to comprehensively address climate-related risk. This requires linking climate adaptation to disaster risk management (DRM), leading to what has been broadly referred to as climate risk management (CRM). While this concept has received attention in debate, important gaps remain in terms of operationalizing it with applicable methods and tools for specific risks and decision-contexts. By developing and applying a methodological approach to CRM in the decision context of sovereign risk (flooding) in Austria we test the usefulness of CRM, and based on these insights, inform applications in other decision contexts. Our methodological approach builds on multiple lines of evidence and methods. These comprise of a broad stakeholder engagement process, empirical analysis of public budgets, and risk-focused economic modelling. We find that a CRM framework is able to inform instrumental as well as reflexive and participatory debate in practice. Due to the complex interaction of social–ecological systems with climate risks, and taking into account the likelihood of future contingent climate-related fiscal liabilities increasing substantially as a result of socioeconomic developments and climate change, we identify the need for advanced learning processes and iterative updates of CRM management plans. We suggest that strategies comprising a portfolio of policy measures to reduce and manage climate-related risks are particularly effective if they tailor individual instruments to the specific requirements of different risk layers.     

Rückstände von Bis-(Dichlorpropyl)ethern in Fischen aus der Elbe

For the first time it is reported on the residues of chlorinated bis-(dichloropropyl) ethers in fish from the Elbe-river, and their octanol/water partition coefficients.     

Grenzen und Möglichkeiten der Immuntherapie von Tumoren

Immunological treatment of malignant human tumors has so far met with little success. Based on methods and insights obtained by investigation of corresponding animal models, this article attempts to elucidate the reasons for this failure and to suggest ways and means to improve immunotherapeutic approaches to human neoplasms.     

复合垂直流湿地反应动力学及水流流态的研究

 提出一种新型的复合垂直流湿地系统(IVCW),并对其反应动力学和系统的实际流态进行了研究.经过中试的运行试验,得到了系统对COD去除的反应速率方程,由示踪剂试验确定了系统中水流的停留时间分布(RTD),提出RTD的不同是湿地处理效率差异的主要原因,进而运用串联反应器模型和离散流模型两种非理想流态模型,模拟IVCW的实际水流流态,经过比较发现离散流模型模拟的效果较好.