A Knowledge-Based Systems Approach to Design of Spatial Decision Support Systems for Environmental Management

/ This paper describes a framework for designing spatial decision support systems for environmental management using a knowledge-based systems approach. An architecture for knowledge-based spatial decision supportsystems (KBSDSS) is presented that integrates knowledge-based systems with geographical information systems (GIS) and other problem-solving techniques. A method based on spatial influence diagrams is developed for representation of environmental problems. The spatial influence diagram provides an interface through which knowledge-based systems techniques can be applied to build capabilities for problem formulation, automated design, and execution of a solution process. In addition to the flexibility and developmental advantages of knowledge-based systems, the KBSDSS incorporates expert knowledge to provide assistance for structuring spatial influence diagrams and executing a solution process that automatically integrates the GIS, data base, knowledge base, and different types of models. The framework is illustrated with a system, known as the Islay Land Use Decision Support System (ILUDSS), designed to assist planners in strategic planning of land use for the development of the island of Islay, off the west coast of Scotland.KEY WORDS: Geographical information systems; Spatial decision support systems; Knowledge-based systems; Spatial influence diagrams; Environmental management     

重庆市危险废物安全管理初探

对重庆市危险 废物管理的现状和存在的问题进行了分析，结合国内外危险废物管理经验，提出了重庆市危险废物安全管理的对策和建议。     

机助地图叠置分析及其在自然资源研究中的应用

机助地图叠置分析包括多边形叠置分析和网格叠置分析两种方法。本文论述了多边形叠置分析的原理和方法,以及多边形叠置分析软件设计的基本思想,探讨了机助地图叠置分析在自然资源研究中的应用领域,并以实例说明了机助地图叠置分析应用于实践的方法和过程。机助地图叠置分析可应用于自然资源数据的统计计算、自然资源的分类和评价,以及动态、变化分析等方面。它对于自然资源尤其是农业自然资源的研究有着一定的意义。     

硫酸厂SO_2事故排放对人体健康危害的评价

根据某大型磷酸-磷铵企业40万t/a硫酸厂SO2不同转化率下的事故排放影响预测结果,进行了人体健康影响评价。结果表明,只要转化率不低于95%,将不会明显地对周围人体健康造成慢性危害。转化率低于95%,将在一定范围对人体健康产生不同程度的影响;66%的转化率,ld以上的接触时间可使支气管炎患者的一般症状恶化。     

有机材料工艺雕刻废气毒害成分分析

应用冷冻预浓缩-气相色谱质谱法对有机材料工艺雕刻废气中的挥发性毒害有机物进行了定性和定量分析。     

湖南耐寒桉树优良单株组培研究

本研究以湖南省林业技术推广总站在湖南选育的17个耐寒桉树优良单株为试验材料,进行组培繁殖,有14个优良单株成功地诱导出了愈伤组织或芽。结果表明,以一年生扦插苗的当年生嫩枝作为外植体来源,污染率低且愈伤组织和芽的诱导率高;0.25％氯化汞消毒15—20分钟,可将污染率控制在70％以下,且对外植体的损害最小;按树最佳的诱导培养基为:1/2MS+BA_(1.0)+IBA_(0.25),最佳的继代培基为:MS+BA_(1.0)+KT_(1.0)+VB2_(10)。     

磺酰脲类除草剂DPX—E9636的水解机理

对室温下ＤＰＸ－Ｅ９６３６的水解产物分离纯化后，运用元素分析，紫外光谱及＾１Ｈ核磁共振鉴定了主要产物的结构。产物为：１－（４，６－二甲氧基嘧啶基－２）－３（乙磺酰基－２－吡啶基）脲、Ｎ－（４，６－二甲氧基嘧啶基－２）－３－乙磺酰基－２－胺基吡啶、３－乙磺酰基－２－胺基吡啶及２－胺基－４，６－二甲氧基嘧啶，由此推测了ＤＰＸ－Ｅ９６３６的水解机理。     

论江汉湖群湿地的环境保护

湖泊水质恶化警示着湖泊生态系统受到损害 ,影响湖泊湿地功能的发挥 ,利用 1999年～ 2 0 0 0年江汉湖群监测结果 ,对其水质现状进行评价 ;分析江汉湖群湿地的环境污染问题 ,提出对江汉湖群湿地水体功能恢复的对策     

污泥颗粒对染料的吸附特性及评价

研究了污泥颗粒对染料的吸附特性。并对pH以及离子强度对染料吸附的影响做出了评价。结果显示染料吸附经过 30min便达到了平衡 ;pH值是决定染料吸附的最重要的因素 ,随着 pH值的降低吸附量明显增大 ;染料吸附量随着离子强度的增加而减小。染料吸附可以用多层吸附等温线来描述。     

Extraction,chemical compositions,and cytotoxic activities of essential oils of Thevetia peruviana

Abstract

In this study, The essential oil of flowers, fruits, and leaves of Thevetia peruviana, which were collected in Vietnam, were being reported for the first time. The essential oil of flowers was extracted by different methods: n-hexane extraction, distillation water, and supercritical CO₂ extraction. The compositions of essential oil of different parts of Thevetia peruviana were analyzed by GC-FID and GC/MS systems. Major chemical compositions of essential oil were identified as monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, terpenoids, and sterol. The activities of total essential oil extracts of the Thevetia peruviana exhibit inhibitory activities against five cancer cell lines.