石化企业苯泄漏检测影响因素实验研究

为考察石化企业含苯物质泄漏检测结果的影响因素,在不同风速、不同苯浓度和不同检测距离的条件下,对苯泄漏检测结果影响因素进行了实验研究.结果表明,在距离泄漏源20,50,100,200cm处均未检测到苯的浓度,只在距离泄漏源5cm处检测到了数据;当风速一定时,泄漏气体浓度越大,泄漏检测结果越大,检测结果达到峰值所用时间越短;当泄漏气体浓度一定时,风速越大,泄漏检测结果越小,检测结果达到峰值所用时间越短.     

中药材废渣的资源化利用的研究

本文以中药材提取过程中产生的中药材废渣为利用对象,进行资源化、减量化和无害化处理,实现中药材废渣的资源化利用.重点介绍中药材废渣气化供热的技术路线与实施方案,以期减少中药制剂厂综合水耗、能耗和污染,降低生产成本,提高综合效益,建立中药制剂厂的微型工业生态产业链,从而实现我国中医药产业的可持续发展,为中药材废渣的大规模高效、无害化利用做出贡献.     

Study on the influence of material thermal characteristics on dust explosion parameters of three long-chain monobasic alcohols

Sensitivity and severity parameters are critical for risk assessment and safety management of dust explosions. In this paper, to reveal the effects of material thermal characteristics on dust explosions parameters during monobasic alcohols dust explosions, three long chain monobasic alcohols, being solid at room temperature and similar in physical–chemical properties, were chosen to carry out experiments in different functional test apparatus according to the internationally accepted ASTM standards. As a result, it was found that the material thermal characteristics strongly affected these basic explosive parameters. On the one hand, for the sensitivity parameters, Minimum Ignition Temperature, Minimum Ignition Energy and Electrical Resistivity were the highest in the Eicosanol dust cloud, while Minimum Explosible Concentration in this cloud was the lowest. On the other hand, for severity parameters, Maximum Explosion Pressure in Eicosanol dust cloud always maintained the highest values as varying the dust concentrations. In contrast, Deflagration Index showed a complex trend.     

PS-InSAR监测矿区建筑物及道路动态沉降安全分析*

针对矿山井下开采引发的地表沉降,提出1种结合时序相干系数阈值、振幅离差指数阈值和强度信息阈值的三重阈值法PS点识别方法的PS-InSAR技术。基于哨兵1号A星（Sentinel-1A）的雷达图像,依据三重阈值法识别到淮北市郊一煤矿311工作面采区内重要建筑物和道路的PS点,分别分析开采沉陷阶段的地表沉降活跃期（2018年7月14日—2019年9月7日）和该工作面停采2个月后地表沉陷衰退期（2019年9月7日—2021年1月23日）的动态沉降速率、沉降大小。研究结果表明:三重阈值法能筛选出更有效的PS点,可提高PS点识别与PS-InSAR技术监测精度,说明利用三重阈值法识别PS点的PS-InSAR技术监测矿区建筑物及道路安全具有可行性。     

Forecasting of municipal solid waste generation in China based on an optimized grey multiple regression model

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - The massive generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) has become an essential social problem that not only damages the ecological environment but...     

3-Hydroxy-2-butanone and the first encounter fight in the male lobster cockroach, Nauphoeta cinerea

Although agonistic behavior in the male lobster cockroach, Nauphoeta cinerea, has been known for more than 40 years, this is the first study to directly collect and quantify the emitted pheromones. In the present study, emitted volatile pheromones were collected from each male pair for 60 min during the first encounter fight and identified and quantified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The major compound collected was 3-hydroxy-2-butanone (3H-2B). The strength of the attack by the dominant male was classified into three categories from weakest (C) to strongest (A). Of the 92 pairs, eight (8.7%) showed no agonistic interactions, and the amount of 3H-2B collected was 121.8±37.7 ng/male pair. In the five pairs (5.4%) displaying attack strength C, the amount of 3H-2B collected was 689.6±273.7 ng/male pair, and the attack duration was 9.6±2.4 min. In the 53 pairs (57.6%) showing attack strength B, the corresponding values were 5396.2±449.0 ng/male pair and 22.7±1.6 min, while those for the 26 pairs (28.3%) showing attack strength A were 7910.4±1120.6 ng/male pair and 24.9±2.9 min. For both attack strengths A and B, a linear relationship was found between the amount of 3H-2B collected and attack duration, suggesting that the longer the duration of the attack, the more 3H-2B was emitted. In addition, the rate of 3H-2B emission for attack strength A was significantly higher than that for attack strength B. Using Vaseline-coating, we demonstrated that, in the first encounter fight, the 3H-2B was emitted by the dominant male.     

Industrial sustainability in China: practice and prospects for eco-industrial development

China is a large densely populated country undergoing rapid industrialization and is becoming one of the world's biggest consumers of natural resources. This circumstance provides a sharp contrast with other countries. As China is so significant in the global economy, studies of its eco-industrial development are very important. In this study we examined the state of eco-industrial development in China and have drawn conclusions from this analysis about some of the future prospects for sustainable development. In the analysis, we investigated the application of industrial ecology concepts by reference to several case studies. We have therefore described the current environmental situation in China, and have provided an overview of eco-industrial development and its implementation. Constraints to industrial sustainability in China have also been examined. We consider that eco-industrial development in China is in its infancy, and that closed loops involving chains and industrial symbiotic webs are the technological key and core of successful initiatives in the application of industrial ecology. In the case studies, we found that each system has different characteristics and management concerns. Our major conclusion is that even though China's Agenda 21 highlights the principles and sets the directions for eco-industrial development, these have not yet become essential ingredients in the country's industrial policy and practice for implementing Agenda 21.     

河北省小城镇发展中的问题和对策

本文分析了河北省小城镇发展中存在的诸多制约因素 :阐述了城乡一体化 ,破除二元结构 ,构建有利于小城镇发展的社会环境的构想 ,并提出了关于改革城乡居民户籍管理制度、乡镇企业向镇区集中等一系列建议和措施     

Particle number concentration, size distribution and chemical composition during haze and photochemical smog episodes in Shanghai

The aerosol number concentration and size distribution as well as size-resolved particle chemical composition were measured during haze and photochemical smog episodes in Shanghai in 2009. The number of haze days accounted for 43%, of which 30% was severe （visibility 〈 2 km） and moderate （2 km 〈 visibility 〈 3 km） haze, mainly distributed in winter and spring. The mean particle number concentration was about 17,000/cm3 in haze, more than 2 times that in clean days. The greatest increase of particle number concentration was in 0.5-1μm and 1-10 μm size fractions during haze events, about 17.78 times and 8.78 times those of clean days. The largest increase of particle number concentration was within 50-100 nm and 100-200 nm fractions during photochemical smog episodes, about 5.89 times and 4.29 times those of clean days. The particle volume concentration and surface concentration in haze, photochemical smog and clean days were 102, 49, 15 μm3/cm3 and 949, 649, 206 μm2/cm3, respectively. As haze events got more severe, the number concentration of particles smaller than 50 nm decreased, but the particles of 50-200 nm and 0.5-1μm increased. The diurnal variation of particle number concentration showed a bimodal pattern in haze days. All soluble ions were increased during haze events, of which NH4, SO24- and NO3 increased great/y, followed by Na＋, IC, Ca2＋ and CI-. These ions were very different in size-resolved particles during haze and photochemical smog episodes.