电子受体亚硝酸氮在反硝化除磷过程中的作用

针对先前文献提到的亚硝酸氮在反硝化除磷中存在着一定的抑制作用,以亚硝酸氮作为电子受体,对其在缺氧反硝化吸磷过程中的抑制影响进行了大量的静态烧杯试验.结果表明,在亚硝酸氮浓度大于30mg·L-1的时候,确实存在严重的抑制作用,而且该临界抑制浓度与污泥的特性和运行操作条件等因素有关;但是在亚硝酸氮浓度低于25mg·L-1的情况下不会对反硝化条件下磷的吸收产生毒害作用,相反地,它可以取代氧气、硝酸氮做为良好的电子受体用来进行缺氧段磷的生物摄取,在反硝化除磷中表现一定的积极作用.     

曝气生态浮床-渗透性反应墙组合工艺水质净化特性研究

通过中试研究,考察了EAFB-PRB组合工艺的动态水质净化特性。结果表明,在3种对比实验工况条件下,组合工艺在HRT为4.2 d时比较适宜,此时TN、TP和COD的平均去除率分别为42.15%、90.48%和61.71%;组合工艺对COD、TP的去除主要发生在浮床区,而PRB区是脱氮的主要单元,组合工艺弥补了单项技术的不足,提高了对污水水质的净化效果。     

壬基酚和双酚A降解菌株的分离、鉴定和特性研究

对深圳某污水处理厂反硝化除磷活性污泥进行驯化,分离筛选得到一株能同时降解壬基酚(NP)和双酚A (BPA)的菌株NB-1.根据对菌株的16S rRNA基因序列分析,结合菌落和菌体形态以及生理生化特征,初步鉴定菌株NB-1为Serratia marcescens(粘质沙雷菌).通过摇瓶试验进行了菌株降解条件的优化和降解特性的探索.结果表明,菌株NB-1降解NP和BPA的最佳条件为:醋酸钠投加量为20 mg·L-1,温度为32q℃,pH值为8,接种量为2％,在该条件下,对菌株降解不同初始浓度NP和BPA的过程进行了动力学分析,结果表明,降解反应前36 h符合一级反应动力学.NP和BPA降解的最适初始浓度为10～20 mg·L-1,当底物浓度均为10 mg·L-1时,NP和BPA的去除率分别为54.2％、44.7％,BPA的去除率达到最大值;当底物浓度均为20 mg·L-1时,NP和BPA的去除率分别为56.4％、40.2％,此时NP的去除率达到最大值.     

欧氏贴近度模糊物元分析法优选制浆造纸中段水处理工艺

制浆造纸中段水处理工艺优选属于多方案、多指标的综合评价问题,本研究在模糊物元分析的基础上,结合优选理论中贴近度的概念,建立了制浆造纸中段水处理工艺优选的欧氏贴近度模糊物元分析法(FMEA),并通过均方差法确定指标权重.通过建立评价指标体系,从技术性能、经济费用和管理效果3个方面对传统活性污泥法、完全混合活性污泥法、氧化沟法和序批式活性污泥法(SBR)进行评价,结果表明,SBR法技术性能和经济费用最优,氧化沟法管理效果和综合评价最优,为不同条件下优选制浆造纸中段水处理工艺提供了参考依据.     

动态调控污染源排放总量是减小灰霾天气危害的有效途径

主要从污染天气-"灰霾"天气导致城市病频发、城市居住环境恶化、城市公共危害加剧这一严重现象入手,阐述了灰霾的定义、形成机制,尤其是对灰霾造成的危害比如影响身体健康、心理健康、交通安全及区域气候等方面进行了深入的剖析,为此,有针对性地提出了减小灰霾天气危害的四条对策,如动态调控污染源排放总量是减小灰霾天气危害的最有效途径,也是在减小灰霾天气危害的工作中所采取总的基本原则;加强环保部门与气象部门的协作,明确各自职责分工等.     

辽河水质中CODMn与TOC的相关关系探讨

高锰酸盐指数（CODMn）常被作为水体受有机物质污染程度的综合指标。总有机碳（TOC）是以碳的含量表示水体中有机物质总量的综合指标,也常被用来评价水体中有机物污染的程度。同样都是作为水体中有机物污染指标,TOC与CODMn具有一定的相关关系。但不同的水体有不同的相关关系,同一水体在不同时期,相关关系也不相同。     

基于SWMM水量模拟的人工雨水湿地规模确定方法

人工雨水湿地在控制地表径流污染以及削减地表径流总量方面具有重要作用,但是雨水湿地规模确定往往需要经过复杂的计算;本研究以北京市未来科技城雨水湿地设计为例,研究了基于SWMM(storm water management model)模型的人工雨水湿地规模确定方法;研究表明通过SWMM模型能够较为简便的计算出雨水湿地的规模和形态。     

Global perspectives and future research directions for the phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soil: A knowledge mapping analysis from 2001 to 2020

• The overall global perspective of the PHMCS field was obtained. • PHMCS research has flourished over the past two decades. • In total, 8 clusters were obtained, and many new hot topics emerged. • “Biochar,” “Drought,” “Nanoparticle,” etc., may be future hot topics. • Five future directions are proposed. In total, 9,552 documents were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection and subjected to knowledge mapping and visualization analysis for the field of phytoremediation of HM-contaminated soil (PHMCS) with CiteSpace 5.7 R3 software. The results showed that (1) the number of publications increased linearly over the studied period. The top 10 countries/regions, institutions and authors contributing to this field were exhibited. (2) Keyword co-occurrence cluster analysis revealed a total of 8 clusters, including “Bioremediation,” “Arsenic,” “Biochar,” “Oxidative stress,” “Hyperaccumulation,” “EDTA,” “Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,” and “Environmental pollution” clusters (3) In total, 334 keyword bursts were obtained, and the 25 strongest, longest duration, and newest keyboard bursts were analyzed in depth. The strongest keyword burst test showed that the hottest keywords could be divided into 7 groups, i.e., “Plant bioremediation materials,” “HM types,” “Chelating amendments,” “Other improved strategies,” “Bioremediation characteristics,” “Risk assessment,” and “Other.” Almost half of the newest topics had emerged in the past 3 years, including “biochar,” “drought,” “health risk assessment,” “electrokinetic remediation,” “nanoparticle,” and “intercropping.” (4) In total, 9 knowledge base clusters were obtained in this study. The studies of Ali et al. (2013), Blaylock et al. (1997), Huang et al. (1997), van der Ent et al. (2013), Salt et al. (1995), and Salt (1998), which had both high frequencies and the strongest burst scores, have had the most profound effects on PHMCS research. Finally, future research directions were proposed.