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861.
Karnatak Gunjan Das Basanta Kumar Sarkar Uttam Kumar Borah Simanku Roy Aparna Parida Pranay Lianthuamluaia Lianthuamluaia Das Archan Kanti Behera Bijay Kumar Pandit Arun Sahoo Amiya Kumar Bhattacharjya Birendra Kumar Chakraborty Sangeeta Mondal Kausik Chandra Purna 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(50):75431-75440
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The rapid degradation, overexploitation, and encroachment of floodplain wetlands have led to considerable decline in fish diversity and production... 相似文献
862.
Wilhelm A. Kiwango Hans C. Komakech Thadeo M. C. Tarimo Lawrence Martz 《国际发展与全球生态学杂志》2018,25(3):238-248
Participatory approaches to conservation are viewed as a plausible alternative to the old ‘fortress conservation’ approach. The design and implementation of these approaches in developing countries have tended to embrace community participation through decentralized governance mechanisms in the past three decades. However, sustainable conservation approaches that maintain community livelihoods while conserving biodiversity are challenged with meeting both objectives. In addressing this challenge, little attention has been given to an empirical analysis of community’s satisfaction levels on how they participated in the design and implementation of this approach. In this article, we use a mixed method approach using both quantitative and qualitative data to examine levels of satisfaction and participation of local communities in the Idodi-Pawaga Wildlife Management Area (WMA), south-western Tanzania. We find that social economic factors (e.g. age, household size, gender, number of years living in the same location and participation/non-participation) influence, in different ways, the satisfaction levels of community’s participation towards the WMA creation. Due to inadequate participation, we find that the WMA design and implementation process failed from the beginning to actively involve the local communities and this has resulted in the near absence of the promised economic benefits from wildlife conservation. We suggest that participation should go beyond the simple information sharing to actively engage the local communities in key planning activities from the beginning of any WMA programme. It is also important to take into consideration their levels of satisfaction with the process of decision-making if meaningful decentralized governance is to be achieved. 相似文献
863.
Robb Daniel M. Pieters Roger Lawrence Gregory A. 《Environmental Fluid Mechanics》2021,21(6):1201-1225
Environmental Fluid Mechanics - Turbidity from glacial meltwater limits light penetration with potential ecological consequences. Using profiles of temperature, conductivity, and turbidity, we... 相似文献
864.
A Study of Physicomechanical and Morphological Properties of Starch/Poly(vinylalcohol) Based Films 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Dipa Ray Papri Roy Suparna Sengupta Siba Prasad Sengupta Amar K. Mohanty Manjusri Misra 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2009,17(1):56-63
Starch/Poly(vinylalcohol) blends in two different ratios (60:40 and 50:50) were prepared with glycerol as a plasticizer. Films
were cast by a solution casting method. One set of films were filled with 10 wt% of unmodified bentonite clay and another
set of films were crosslinked with epichlorohydrin in an alkaline medium. The prepared film samples were subjected to X-ray
diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), mechanical characterization and scanning electron microscope
(SEM). Significant changes in the tensile properties were observed depending on the different chemical constituents of the
films. The presence of clay and crosslinking with epichlorohydrin were both found to have considerable effect on the morphology
and mechanical property of the films. The SEM investigations, XRD analysis and FTIR studies revealed the interaction between
the various chemical components of the films. 相似文献
865.
Removal of PFOS, PFOA and other perfluoroalkyl acids at water reclamation plants in South East Queensland Australia 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Thompson J Eaglesham G Reungoat J Poussade Y Bartkow M Lawrence M Mueller JF 《Chemosphere》2011,82(1):9-17
This paper examines the fate of perfluorinated sulfonates (PFSAs) and carboxylic acids (PFCAs) in two water reclamation plants in Australia. Both facilities take treated water directly from WWTPs and treat it further to produce high quality recycled water. The first plant utilizes adsorption and filtration methods alongside ozonation, whilst the second uses membrane processes and advanced oxidation to produce purified recycled water. At both facilities perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) were the most frequently detected PFCs. Concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in influent (WWTP effluent) ranged up to 3.7 and 16 ng L−1 respectively, and were reduced to 0.7 and 12 ng L−1 in the finished water of the ozonation plant. Throughout this facility, concentrations of most of the detected perfluoroalkyl compounds (PFCs) remained relatively unchanged with each successive treatment step. PFOS was an exception to this, with some removal following coagulation and dissolved air flotation/sand filtration (DAFF). At the second plant, influent concentrations of PFOS and PFOA ranged up to 39 and 29 ng L−1. All PFCs present were removed from the finished water by reverse osmosis (RO) to concentrations below detection and reporting limits (0.4-1.5 ng L−1). At both plants the observed concentrations were in the low parts per trillion range, well below provisional health based drinking water guidelines suggested for PFOS and PFOA. 相似文献
866.
Decreasing reliance on mineral nitrogen--yet more food 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Higher crop production normally demands higher nutrient application rates and consequently increased mineral nitrogen use. With food demand for 2030 estimated around 2800 mill. tonnes (t) yr-1, the corresponding mineral N consumption figure is 96 mill. t (78 mill. t yr-1 in 1995/1997). Global-level mineral N losses to the environment from mineral fertilizer use are currently 36 mill. t yr-1, worth USD 11,700 mill. and with adverse environmental impacts. However, innovative fertilizer-use efficiency (FUE) technologies enable increased production with a less than a proportionate increase in mineral-N use. Moreover, nitrogen-nutrient supplies can be augmented through improvements in agricultural production systems and in the exploitation of alternative sources such as biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). By 2030, with adequate policy, technology transfer, research and investment support, the on-farm adoption of BNF and FUE technologies could generate savings of 10 mill. t yr-1 of mineral N, worth USD 3300 mill. 相似文献
867.
868.
Kelsea A. Schumacher Thomas Schumacher Lawrence Agbemabiese 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2014,34(11):2321-2326
The cessation of production and replacement of cathode ray tube (CRT) displays with flat screen displays have resulted in the proliferation of CRTs in the electronic waste (e-waste) recycle stream. However, due to the nature of the technology and presence of hazardous components such as lead, CRTs are the most challenging of electronic components to recycle. In the State of Delaware it is due to this challenge and the resulting expense combined with the large quantities of CRTs in the recycle stream that electronic recyclers now charge to accept Delaware’s e-waste. Therefore it is imperative that the Delaware Solid Waste Authority (DSWA) understand future quantities of CRTs entering the waste stream. This study presents the results of an assessment of CRT obsolescence in the State of Delaware. A prediction model was created utilizing publicized sales data, a variety of lifespan data as well as historic Delaware CRT collection rates. Both a deterministic and a probabilistic approach using Monte Carlo Simulation (MCS) were performed to forecast rates of CRT obsolescence to be anticipated in the State of Delaware. Results indicate that the peak of CRT obsolescence in Delaware has already passed, although CRTs are anticipated to enter the waste stream likely until 2033. 相似文献
869.
Emily B. Dennis Byron J.T. Morgan Tom M. Brereton David B. Roy Richard Fox 《Conservation biology》2017,31(6):1350-1361
Citizen scientists are increasingly engaged in gathering biodiversity information, but trade‐offs are often required between public engagement goals and reliable data collection. We compared population estimates for 18 widespread butterfly species derived from the first 4 years (2011–2014) of a short‐duration citizen science project (Big Butterfly Count [BBC]) with those from long‐running, standardized monitoring data collected by experienced observers (U.K. Butterfly Monitoring Scheme [UKBMS]). BBC data are gathered during an annual 3‐week period, whereas UKBMS sampling takes place over 6 months each year. An initial comparison with UKBMS data restricted to the 3‐week BBC period revealed that species population changes were significantly correlated between the 2 sources. The short‐duration sampling season rendered BBC counts susceptible to bias caused by interannual phenological variation in the timing of species’ flight periods. The BBC counts were positively related to butterfly phenology and sampling effort. Annual estimates of species abundance and population trends predicted from models including BBC data and weather covariates as a proxy for phenology correlated significantly with those derived from UKBMS data. Overall, citizen science data obtained using a simple sampling protocol produced comparable estimates of butterfly species abundance to data collected through standardized monitoring methods. Although caution is urged in extrapolating from this U.K. study of a small number of common, conspicuous insects, we found that mass‐participation citizen science can simultaneously contribute to public engagement and biodiversity monitoring. Mass‐participation citizen science is not an adequate replacement for standardized biodiversity monitoring but may extend and complement it (e.g., through sampling different land‐use types), as well as serving to reconnect an increasingly urban human population with nature. 相似文献
870.
Wanjun Liu Amar K. Mohanty Per Askeland Lawrence T. Drzal Manjusri Misra 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2008,16(3):177-182
Chemical modification of soy protein with monomers such as maleic anhydride, glycidyl methacrylate and styrene was accomplished
using reactive extrusion technology. Thermal and mechanical properties of the modified soy protein plastics were characterized
with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) and a United Testing System load frame.
It was found that the denaturation temperature and the glass transition temperature of soy protein plastic changed. In addition,
the tensile properties of modified soy protein plastic improved. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR)
and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to characterize the structure of modified soy proteins. A suggestion
of the interaction between soy protein and functional group in functional polymers is given. Through the in-situ interaction
between the polymer and soy protein plastic, the mechanical properties of the soy protein plastic can be adjusted and controlled. 相似文献