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21.
J. A. Camiñas N. Cano D. Cortés V. Díaz del Río A. García J. P. Rubín 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》1998,4(1):43-50
In October 1992, the Oceanographic Centre of Málaga of the Spanish Oceanographical Institute (IEO) started a monitoring project,Ecomálaga, which collects physical, chemical, biological and sedimentological data from the Alborán Sea shelf. The project is coordinated
with similar projects in the Atlantic and Mediterranean Centres of IEO. The ultimate objective is to, understand the long-term
changes of the essential marine-environmental parameters.
So far, nine quarterly surveys have been carried out—from October 1992 to December 1994. The following variables were registered:abiotic: location weather, water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen, chlorophyll a, nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, silicate,biotic: zooplankton biomass and species composition, and ichthyoplankton. The granulometric composition and organic matter content
of sediments are also included.
Data are stored in a computerized data base named Ecomálaga Data Base, with contributions from geology, physics, plankton
biology and marine chemistry. The data base not only contains separate files for each research topic, but also allows for
interchange between these files, resulting in a synoptic data output. It offers the users an output in the form of synthetic
records of each station sampled.
The analysis of the data indicates seasonal influences and ainshore-offshore gradient, as well as an Atlantic influence on
the stations located in the transect closest to the Strait of Gibraltar. 相似文献
22.
Paul J. A. Withers Kimo C. van Dijk Tina-Simone S. Neset Thomas Nesme Oene Oenema Gitte H. Rubæk Oscar F. Schoumans Bert Smit Sylvain Pellerin 《Ambio》2015,44(2):193-206
The inefficient use of phosphorus (P) in the food chain is a threat to the global aquatic environment and the health and well-being of citizens, and it is depleting an essential finite natural resource critical for future food security and ecosystem function. We outline a strategic framework of 5R stewardship (Re-align P inputs, Reduce P losses, Recycle P in bioresources, Recover P in wastes, and Redefine P in food systems) to help identify and deliver a range of integrated, cost-effective, and feasible technological innovations to improve P use efficiency in society and reduce Europe’s dependence on P imports. Their combined adoption facilitated by interactive policies, co-operation between upstream and downstream stakeholders (researchers, investors, producers, distributors, and consumers), and more harmonized approaches to P accounting would maximize the resource and environmental benefits and help deliver a more competitive, circular, and sustainable European economy. The case of Europe provides a blueprint for global P stewardship. 相似文献
23.
Mass balance of pharmaceutical and personal care products in a pilot-scale single-sludge system: influence of T, SRT and recirculation ratio 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The influence of operation condition on the fate of 16 pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in a single-sludge nitrifying/denitrifying pilot plant was assessed. Volatilisation, sorption and degradation were included in the mass balances to determine the most relevant removal mechanisms during PPCP treatment.Sludge retention time (SRT) was an important factor for the removal of compounds that significantly sorb onto sludge, as ethinylestradiol, whose removal increased 11% when working at SRT above 20 d. The internal recirculation ratio was significant for the removal of moderately biodegradable compounds, as citalopram. The positive effect of operating at warmer temperatures was particularly significant for two antibiotics, implying a 30% increase in their transformations. In the case of naproxen, an influence of sludge acclimation and concentration was observed, leading to removal efficiencies from 27% to 99%.Concerning removal mechanisms, most compounds were removed due to biotransformation, although for fragrances sorption and volatilisation played a role. 相似文献
24.
Rubén Forján Alfonso Rodríguez-Vila Beatriz Cerqueira Emma F. Covelo Purificación Marcet Verónica Asensio 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2018,190(10):610
A large number of studies on the reclamation of mine soils focused on the problem caused by metals and did not explore in depth the issue of nutrients and vegetation after the application of organic materials. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of two treatments made of wastes and vegetated with Brassica juncea L. on the fertility of a settling pond mine soil. The first treatment was compost, biochar, and B. juncea (SCBP) and the second treatment was technosol, biochar, and B. juncea (STBP). This study evaluated the effect of the treatments on the soil nutrient concentrations and fertility conditions in the soil amendment mixtures, after 11 months of greenhouse experiment. Total carbon and nitrogen concentrations were higher in treatment SCBP than in treatment STBP after 7 months but, after 11 months, carbon concentration was higher in STBP. The used technosol could have forms of carbon more stable than compost, which could be released slower than in the compost-amended soils. Both compost and technosol mixed with biochar also increased the concentration of calcium, potassium, magnesium, and sodium in exchangeable form in the mine soil. 相似文献
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27.
Uta Berger Marion Glaser Boris Koch Gesche Krause Rubén Lara Ulrich Saint-Paul Dirk Schories Matthias Wolff 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》1999,5(2):125-134
The main objective of the MADAM project (Mangrove Dynamics and Management) is to generate the scientific basis enabling the
sustainable stewardship of the resources of the Caeté mangrove estuary in Northeast Brazil in the sense of integrated coastal
(zone) management. To achieve this, it is necessary to acquire in-depth knowledge of natural processes as well as of the relevant
institutional, cultural, economic, social and political dynamics. Causal linkages within the ecosystem, as well as between
ecosystem, economy and society, are analysed and explained via dynamic and trophic modelling. Scenario construction is intended
to forecast the effects of acute or chronic interference on utilized resources, and to answer wider, management-related questions
(e.g. restoration of destroyed areas, utilization potential for aquaculture). This paper describes the project strategy as
developed and modified in the context of research results from the initial 2-yr project phase. It is argued that a continuous
discussion process is essential to assess the validity of the strategies formulated at the beginning of a medium-time project,
particularly if the project is of interdisciplinary nature. 相似文献
28.
Alfonso Rodríguez-Vila Emma F. Covelo Rubén Forján Verónica Asensio 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(19):11293-11304
The soils at a depleted copper mine in Touro (Galicia, Spain) are chemically degraded. In order to determine the effect of amendments and vegetation on the chemical characteristics of a mine soil and on the plant uptake of metals, a greenhouse experiment was carried out for 3 months. A settling pond soil was amended with different percentages of a compost and biochar mixture and vegetated with Brassica juncea L. The results showed that the untreated settling pond soil was polluted by Cu. Amendments and planting mustards decreased the pseudototal concentration of this metal, reduced the extreme soil acidity and increased the soil concentrations of C and TN. Both treatments also decreased the CaCl2-extractable Co, Cu and Ni concentrations. However, the amendments increased the pseudototal concentration of Zn in the soil, provided by the compost that was used. The results also showed that mustards extracted Ni efficiently from soils, suggesting that B. juncea L. is a good phytoextractor of Ni in mine soils. 相似文献
29.
Ramiro Ahumada-Cervantes Gilberto Velázquez-Angulo Hugo B. Rodríguez-Gallegos Edith Flores-Tavizón Rubén Félix-Gastélum Jaime Romero-González Alfredo Granados-Olivas 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2017,22(1):137-152
To propose specific adaptation strategies in the agricultural sector based on vulnerability to climate variability and climate change at the local level, we built a vulnerability index using an indicator tool at a fine spatial scale. This index was applied as a case study in the municipality of Guasave, Sinaloa, Mexico, at the basic census area (BCA) level. We used a total of 37 variables organized into three groups with equal weighting: exposure (13), sensitivity (13), and adaptive capacity (11). From the 20 rural BCAs located in the study area, eight were categorized as having very low vulnerability; five had low vulnerability; two had medium vulnerability because of the lack of basic services (sewers, water, and electricity) and a high rural population density; three had high vulnerability due to a high frequency of days with temperatures below 5 °C and the lack of basic services; and two had very high vulnerability, characterized by a high percentage of production units (PUs) with losses due to climate factors, a high rural population density, and a high frequency of days with temperatures below 5 °C. Approximately 50 % of the municipal rural population lives in BCAs vulnerable to climate change. This methodology allowed us to identify the most susceptible agricultural areas at the local level and the variables that require more attention so that we can propose adaptation strategies and minimize vulnerability due to climate change. 相似文献
30.
Lara Rubén Szlafsztein Claudio Cohen Marcelo Berger Uta Glaser Marion 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2002,8(1):97-102
This work analyses effects of recent variations in the tidal inundation frequency in a mangrove ecosystem in the Bragança peninsula, North Brazil, and its implications for land occupation and use. Field data, time series of remote sensing images and local legislation were analysed focusing on the potential socio-economic impact of a changing environmental setting due to a rise in relative sea level. In the investigated period (1972–1997), vegetation changes along the coastline indicate net losses of mangrove coverage. In the central part of the peninsula, a topographically higher herbaceous plain constituting part of a farm presents an active progression of mangrove forest into an area previously dominated by grasses and herbs. This area measured 8.8 km2 in 1972 but was gradually reduced to 5.6 km2 in 1997, while progressively replaced by a monospecific stand of the black mangrove,Avicennia germinans. A linear extrapolation indicates that the elevated plain may be completely covered by mangrove by 2035. Current Brazilian legislation prohibits the extraction of mangrove trees without an officially approved management plan. Thus, the usable area of the farm has suffered a reduction by ca. 36% over 25 yr and we predict that is could be entirely replaced by mangroves in the next 35 yr. In this case study, legislation and ecosystem characteristics are analysed and a management plan discussed which could represent income alternatives for affected resource users at the local and regional level. 相似文献