DHA高产菌Schizochytrium sp.FJU-512的分离及其18S rRNA基因序列比较分析

采用松花粉垂钓法分离到一株Docosahexaenoicacid(DHA)高产菌FJU 512.该菌株DHA含量高(占总脂肪酸的56. 24 % ),其它长链杂酸含量少(仅有docosapentaenoicacid, DPA),极具开发应用价值.高密度培养可获得33gL-1生物量.该菌株行二分裂生长,没有分生胞子.对其18SrRNA基因进行了克隆测序并登录GenBank(AY758384).依据18SrRNA基因建立的系统进化树表明:该菌与Schizochytriumlimacinum具有紧密的亲源关系. 图7表2参29     

电催化氧化降解大气中甲醛的研究

将有机废气通过高效微孔曝气转移到液相,采用活性碳纤维作为电极,研究不同鼓气速率和不同电压对处理效果的影响.结果表明,本方法适用于低浓度高气量有机废气的处理.在实验范围内,当曝气速率为20L·h-1,外加电压为5V的条件下,处理速率最稳定.     

Impact of photosynthesis and transpiration on nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands

To determine the impact of photosynthesis and transpiration on nitrogen removal in wetlands, an artificial wetland planted with reeds was constructed to treat highly concentrated domestic wastewater. Under different meteorological and hydraulic conditions, the daily changes of photosynthesis and transpiration of reeds, as well as nitrogen removal efficiency were measured. It was found that net photosynthesis rate per unit leaf area was maintained on a high level (average 19.0 μmol CO₂/(m²·s)) from 10:00 to 14:00 in July 2004 and reached a peak of 21.1 μmol CO₂/(m²·s) when Photon Flux Density was high during the day. Meanwhile, TN and NH₄ ⁺-N removal efficiency rose to 79.6% and 89.6%, respectively—the maximum values observed in the test. Correlation coefficient analysis demonstrated a positive correlation among photon flux density, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and TN and NH₄ ⁺-N removal efficiency. In contrast, there was a negative correlation between stomatal conductance and TN and NH₄ ⁺-N removal efficiency. Results suggest that the photosynthesis and transpiration of wetland plants have a great impact on nitrogen removal efficiency of wetlands, which can be enhanced by an increase in the photosynthesis and transpiration rate. In addition, the efficiency of water usage by reeds and nitrogen removal efficiency could be affected by the water level in wetlands; a higher level boosts nitrogen removal efficiency.     

Changes of Soil Microbiological Properties Caused by Land Use Changing From Rice–Wheat Rotation to Vegetable Cultivation

A survey was done recently in Jiaxing city of Zhejiang Province in the Yangtze River Delta to compare the differences of soil microbiological properties among paddy soils with different land use including continuous open-field vegetable cultivation (OFVC), plastic-greenhouse vegetable cultivation (PGVC) and traditional rice–wheat rotation (RWR). The soil types included are percolating, permeable and waterlogged paddy soils. The results indicate that the microbial flora was markedly changed as the land use changed for all the three soil types. In continuous vegetable cultivation soils, especially in PGVC soils, the bacteria amounts decreased dramatically, but the fungal and actinomyce amounts increased as compared with RWR soils. The dehydrogenase activities decreased significantly in vegetable soils, especially in PGVC soils as compared with RWR soils. The microbial biomass C and the total phospholipid contents (TPL) in vegetable cultivation soil greatly decreased as compared with RWR soils. Biolog analysis indicated that the kinds of carbon sources that could be metabolized by native microbes in PGVC soils greatly decreased as compared with OFVC soils and RWR soils, revealing that microbial diversity had decreased since land use change. The activities of some soil enzymes including urease, invertase and phosphase were all lower in OFVC soils than those in RWR soils, and those in PGVC soils were the lowest. The degradation of microbiological activities in continuous vegetable cultivation soils, especially in PGVC soils, as compared with RWR soils might have been caused by soil acidification and accumulation of salts due to overuse of both organic and inorganic fertilizers in vegetable cultivation.     

英国学校环境教育的启示

本文阐述英国及中国中小学环境教育状况,并结合中国的实际,借鉴英国的环境教育经验,提出中国学校环境教育进一步发展的实质性建议.     

城市街区大气流动与汽车尾气扩散的三维数值模拟

道路交通已成为现代城市的主要污染源，利用数学模型预测汽车排放污染物对大气环境的影响成为主要手段。针对一个典型城市街区的大气流动和汽车排放物扩散问题进行三维数值模拟分析，揭示了污染物在不同高度建筑物。不同宽度街道和十字道路所组成的街区峡谷内外的大气流动和污染物迁移扩散特征，同时反映了街道走向的影响。研究表明：由于受街道布局和大气边界层的影响，污染物主要集中在街区峡谷内（特别是近地面附近)难以扩散，易造成局部高浓度污染；由于流场的非均匀性和三维特征，污染物浓度呈现非均匀扩散特性。     

中加高等环境教育比较研究

通过对加拿大大学有关环境专业的教育层次、专业配置和课程设置的分析，并与我国的高等环境教育现状相比，得出了以下结论：环境科学类专业在加拿大高校中设置频度比我国高；从分布特征和培养层次上看，加拿大高校中环境类专业与我国类似，偏工程和综合性，且都以本科—硕士—博士三个层次为主体；从培养方式上看，加拿大高等环境教育与我国在这方面的差异较大，许多经验值得我们借鉴．     

新疆赛都糜棱岩型金矿的矿石矿物学特征

本文首次详细论述了赛都糜棱岩型金矿的矿石类型、矿石组构和金属矿物的特征，对金矿物特征和金的赋存状态作了详细描述，并在矿石矿物学分析基础上提出了该金矿的矿化阶段。     

工业废气中甲苯的生物降解研究

采用生物膜填料塔进行净化低浓度甲苯废气的研究结果表明，构成生物膜的假单胞菌属中的短杆菌对废气中甲苯有很强的生化降解能力，每升体积的生物膜填料对甲苯的生化去除量最大可达１０４．４ｍｇ／ｈ，且当入口气体甲苯浓度约低于２．０ｍｇ／Ｌ时，单塔净化效率可保持在８０％以上。反应级数的转换约在其液相浓度为０．８—１．２ｍｇ／Ｌ（相当于气相浓度约１．７—２．１ｍｇ／Ｌ）时发生。     

影响郑州市大气TSP浓度诸因素的灰色关联分析与弹性分析

根据郑州市大气TSP浓度的监测数据以及相关影响因素数据，运用灰色系统理论的关联分析方法，得出了影响TSP浓度的主要因素，并通过建立灰色GM（1，N）模型，运用弹性分析理论分析了各影因素对TSP浓度的贡献大小。经过两者分析，提出了控制和治理TSP污染的对策。