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61.
62.
Shyam Lal Sethuraman Venkataramani Manish Naja Jagdish Chandra Kuniyal Tuhin Kumar Mandal Pradip Kumar Bhuyan Kandikonda Maharaj Kumari Sachchida Nand Tripathi Ujjaini Sarkar Trupti Das Yerramsetti Venkata Swamy Kotalo Rama Gopal Harish Gadhavi Modathi Kottungal Satheesh Kumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(26):20972-20981
Surface ozone is mainly produced by photochemical reactions involving various anthropogenic pollutants, whose emissions are increasing rapidly in India due to fast-growing anthropogenic activities. This study estimates the losses of wheat and rice crop yields using surface ozone observations from a group of 17 sites, for the first time, covering different parts of India. We used the mean ozone for 7 h during the day (M7) and accumulated ozone over a threshold of 40 ppbv (AOT40) metrics for the calculation of crop losses for the northern, eastern, western and southern regions of India. Our estimates show the highest annual loss of wheat (about 9 million ton) in the northern India, one of the most polluted regions in India, and that of rice (about 2.6 million ton) in the eastern region. The total all India annual loss of 4.0–14.2 million ton (4.2–15.0%) for wheat and 0.3–6.7 million ton (0.3–6.3%) for rice are estimated. The results show lower crop loss for rice than that of wheat mainly due to lower surface ozone levels during the cropping season after the Indian summer monsoon. These estimates based on a network of observation sites show lower losses than earlier estimates based on limited observations and much lower losses compared to global model estimates. However, these losses are slightly higher compared to a regional model estimate. Further, the results show large differences in the loss rates of both the two crops using the M7 and AOT40 metrics. This study also confirms that AOT40 cannot be fit with a linear relation over the Indian region and suggests for the need of new metrics that are based on factors suitable for this region. 相似文献
63.
Jung Eun Lim Jwa Kyung Sung Binoy Sarkar Hailong Wang Yohey Hashimoto Daniel C. W. Tsang Yong Sik Ok 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2017,39(2):431-441
Metal stabilization using soil amendments is an extensively applied, economically viable and environmentally friendly remediation technique. The stabilization of Pb, Zn and As in contaminated soils was evaluated using natural starfish (NSF) and calcined starfish (CSF) wastes at different application rates (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 wt%). An incubation study was conducted over 14 months, and the efficiency of stabilization for Pb, Zn and As in soil was evaluated by the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test. The TCLP-extractable Pb was reduced by 76.3–100 and 91.2–100 % in soil treated with NSF and CSF, respectively. The TCLP-extractable Zn was also reduced by 89.8–100 and 93.2–100 % in soil treated with NSF and CSF, respectively. These reductions could be associated with the increased metal adsorption and the formation of insoluble metal precipitates due to increased soil pH following application of the amendments. However, the TCLP-extractable As was increased in the soil treated with NSF, possibly due to the competitive adsorption of phosphorous. In contrast, the TCLP-extractable As in the 10 % CSF treatment was not detectable because insoluble Ca–As compounds might be formed at high pH values. Thermodynamic modeling by visual MINTEQ predicted the formation of ettringite (Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12·26H2O) and portlandite (Ca(OH)2) in the 10 % CSF-treated soil, while SEM–EDS analysis confirmed the needle-like structure of ettringite in which Pb was incorporated and stabilized in the 10 % CSF treatment. 相似文献
64.
Preetam Sarkar Ruplal Choudhary Shubham Panigrahi Irshaan Syed S Sivapratha Chanda Vilas Dhumal 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2017,15(4):607-622
Creation of food-based nanomaterials for food processing and packaging applications is actually gaining in importance. Indeed, the design of a suitable food carrier system controls the encapsulation efficiency, the product stability and release of bioactives such as micronutrients, antimicrobial compounds and antioxidants. The smaller size of nanomaterials provides higher thermodynamic and kinetic stability. Whereas the higher surface area enhances compound solubility. Nanoemulsions both encapsulate bioactive compounds effectively and address the food safety concerns of the fresh produce associated with foodborne pathogens. Nanoliposomes encapsulate bioactive whey peptides and fat-soluble vitamins with improved functionalities. Encapsulated bioactive molecules are released by diffusion into the surrounding environment after degradation of the surrounding polymeric matrix. 相似文献
65.
66.
Das Basanta Kumar Roy Aparna Som Sukanya Chandra Ganesh Kumari Suman Sarkar Uttam Kumar Bhattacharjya Birendra Kumar Das Archan Kanti Pandit Arun 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(6):8452-8463
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented human health crisis in recent global history with rippling social and economic effects. The outbreak... 相似文献
67.
Shakir Ali Sachin Kumar Thakur Aditya Sarkar Shashank Shekhar 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2016,14(3):291-315
Fluoride contamination in water is a major problem across the globe, with health hazards such as dental and skeletal fluorosis. Most earlier studies are confined to local or regional scales. As the problem has serious socioeconomic implications, there is a need for a global perspective. Thus, here we review worldwide research for nearly a century on fluoride contamination in water. We investigated the distribution of fluoride contamination in water, its sources, mobilization and association. The major findings are: (1) Anomalous fluoride concentration in groundwater is mainly confined to arid and semiarid regions of Asia and North Africa. (2) The geogenic sources of fluoride in water are mainly fluorine-bearing minerals in rocks and sediments, whereas anthropogenic sources of fluoride in water are mainly pesticides and industrial waste. (3) Fluoride mobilization from geogenic sources is mainly controlled by alkalinity and temperature. (4) Fluoride occurrence in water is associated with ions such as sodium, arsenic chloride and bicarbonate. There are few associations of fluoride in water with calcium and magnesium. 相似文献
68.
Extensive surveys were conducted to explore the diversity of fishes, distribution patterns, abundance, threat, and habitat
status in the upper, middle, and lower stretch of river Gomti, a tributary of river Ganga. Altogether 56 fish species belonging
to 20 families and 42 genera were collected from various sampling sites. Of the 56 species, five belong to the ‘endangered’
(EN) category and 11 belong to the vulnerable (VU) category. Six major categories of habitat were identified and pattern of
fish assemblage and dominant genera in each habitat studied. Considerable differences were observed in the fish species richness
and relative abundance (RA) of the species in the different sampling sites of river Gomti. Shannon–Wiener biodiversity index
has been calculated for the fishes indicating considerable variation (p < 0.05) across the river. Apart from Indian Major Carps (Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhinus mrigala), Chitala chitala, Notopterus notopterus, Ompok pabda, O. bimaculatus, Labeo bata, L. calbasu, Cirrhinus reba, Channa marulius, Bagarius bagarius, and Clupisoma garua were the important species. All the species have been reported for the first time in this river. Indiscriminate catch, poisoning,
using of fine mesh sized nets, dumping of sewage, siltation, water abstraction, changing land use pattern, decreased water
discharge, and exotic species threaten the fish diversity. Urgent need exists for taking up research on the priority fish
species and their habitat. Restoration measures have been proposed based on ecosystem scale approach for fish biodiversity
conservation. 相似文献
69.
Assessment of habitat quality with relation to fish assemblages in an impacted river of the Ganges basin, northern India 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this work, we examined water-quality assessment in relation to fish assemblage of Gomti River, a large tributary of the
Ganges River basin in northern India. Principal component analysis was performed for 18 environmental variables which produced
three axes that cumulatively explained 60.23% of the environmental variation in sites. Fifteen variables (fine substrate fine
gravel, coarse gravel, cobble, sand substrate water flow, conductivity, TDS, total hardness, temperature, dissolved oxygen,
pH, and overhanging vegetation) had high loadings on at least one of the principal component axes interpreted. The canonical
correspondence analysis was used to establish the relationship between important fish species and environmental variables.
Species were distributed within four groups with respect to the significant habitat characteristics. The Pearson correlation
coefficient was calculated between the water-quality parameters. We concluded that the level of species richness is mostly
dependent on abiotic factors like temperature, dissolved oxygen, TDS, conductivity, depth, pH, and water current in the Gomti
River, of the Ganges basin. 相似文献
70.
Pramanik Krishnendu Mitra Soumik Sarkar Anumita Soren Tithi Maiti Tushar Kanti 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(31):24419-24437
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Cadmium (Cd) phytotoxicity in agricultural land is a major global concern now-a-days resulting in very poor yield. Plant growth-promoting... 相似文献