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排序方式: 共有68条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
11.
Serena Righi Patrizia Lucialli Elisa Pollini 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2009,43(25):3850-3857
The present study examines the behaviour of the ADMS-Urban air quality forecasting model in predicting dispersion of traffic-related pollutants in urban areas. The study has been carried out in Ravenna (NE Italy), a medium-sized town where pollution produced by vehicle traffic accounts for most of the emissions. ADMS-Urban performances have been assessed through statistical analysis, by comparing carbon monoxide concentrations (vehicle traffic tracing pollutant) estimated by the model with concentrations measured by stations of the air quality monitoring network. Although the correspondence of values estimated by ADMS-Urban with measured values turns out to be satisfactory, the study shows that the model tends to produce an underestimated value compared with the actual situation, and identifies a corrective method that makes it possible to improve the relevant performances. Furthermore, the diagnostic analysis highlights that the model performances depend upon some meteorological parameters. 相似文献
12.
Giovanni Benelli Cesare Stefanini Giulia Giunti Serena Geri Russell H. Messing Angelo Canale 《Die Naturwissenschaften》2014,101(9):753-757
Animals rely on associative learning for a wide range of purposes, including danger avoidance. This has been demonstrated for several insects, including cockroaches, mosquitoes, drosophilid flies, paper wasps, stingless bees, bumblebees and honeybees, but less is known for parasitic wasps. We tested the ability of Psyttalia concolor (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) females to associate different dosages of two innately attractive host-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs), ethyl octanoate and decanal, with danger (electric shocks). We conducted an associative treatment involving odours and shocks and two non-associative controls involving shocks but not odours and odours but not shocks. In shock-only and odour-only trained wasps, females preferred on HIPV-treated than on blank discs. In associative-trained wasps, however, P. concolor’s innate positive chemotaxis for HIPVs was nullified (lowest HIPV dosage tested) or reversed (highest HIPV dosage tested). This is the first report of associative learning of olfactory cues for danger avoidance in parasitic wasps, showing that the effects of learning can override innate positive chemotaxes. 相似文献
13.
Andrew Carlin Caroline Kadji Mieke M. Cannie Serena Resta Xin Kang Jacques C. Jani 《黑龙江环境通报》2020,40(1):125-135
Extremes of fetal growth can increase adverse pregnancy outcomes, and this is equally applicable to single and multiple gestations. Traditionally, these cases have been identified using simple two-dimensional ultrasound which is quite limited by its low precision. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has now been used for many years in obstetrics, mainly as an adjunct to ultrasound for congenital abnormalities and increasingly as part of the post-mortem examination. However, MRI can also be used to accurately assess fetal weight as first demonstrated by Baker et al in 1994, using body volumes rather than standard biometric measurements. This publication was followed by several others, all of which confirmed the superiority of MRI; however, despite this initial promise, the technique has never been successfully integrated into clinical practice. In this review, we provide an overview of the literature, detail the various techniques and formulas currently available, discuss the applicability to specific high-risk groups and present our vision for the future of MRI within clinical obstetrics. 相似文献
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15.
Serena Risica 《Chemistry and Ecology》1996,12(4):225-230
Following a similar project performed for the Northern European Seas in the years 1985-1990, a study on the radioactive contamination of the Mediterranean Sea has recently been conducted by a group of experts of the European Union (MARINA-MED Project). Its aim was to assess the radiological exposure of the population of the European Union, due both to natural and man-made radionuclides in the Mediterranean Sea. A review of the conclusions of this study is presented, with special attention to the environmental radioactive data. the Italian radioactive monitoring organisation is described. Starting from this experience, some proposals for new research projects are presented. 相似文献
16.
Serracca Laura Rossini Irene Battistini Roberta Goria Maria Sant Serena De Montis Gabriella Ercolini Carlo 《Food and environmental virology》2012,4(3):89-92
In this study, we investigated the presence of enteric viruses such as norovirus (NoV), hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis E virus (HEV), and adenovirus (HAdV), in vegetables available on the Italian markets. For this aim, 110 national and international ??ready to eat?? samples were collected and analyzed by biomolecular tests and positive samples were confirmed by sequencing. All samples (100?%) were negative for HAV, HEV, and HAdV, while 13.6?% (15/110) were positive for NoV. Actually there is not a formal surveillance system for NoV infections in Italy but we clearly demonstrated a potential risk associated with the consumption of ??ready to eat?? vegetables. This study confirmed for the first time in Italy the presence of norovirus in semi-dried tomatoes by PCR technique. 相似文献
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18.
Serena Risica 《Chemistry and Ecology》2013,29(4):225-230
Following a similar project performed for the Northern European Seas in the years 1985–1990, a study on the radioactive contamination of the Mediterranean Sea has recently been conducted by a group of experts of the European Union (MARINA-MED Project). Its aim was to assess the radiological exposure of the population of the European Union, due both to natural and man-made radionuclides in the Mediterranean Sea. A review of the conclusions of this study is presented, with special attention to the environmental radioactive data. the Italian radioactive monitoring organisation is described. Starting from this experience, some proposals for new research projects are presented. 相似文献
19.
Chiara Gambardella Lorenzo Gallus Antonietta M. Gatti Marco Faimali Serena Carbone Livia Vittori Antisari 《Chemistry and Ecology》2014,30(4):308-316
Nanoparticles (NPs) contained in commercial products are released and enter into the aquatic ecosystem, posing serious possible risks to the environment and affecting the food chain. Therefore, investigating the potential toxicity of NPs on aquatic organisms has become an important issue. This study assessed the toxicity and trophic transfer of metal oxide NPs from marine microalgae (Cricosphaera elongata) to the larvae of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. Larvae (24 h old) were fed on 2000 cell mL?1 48 h of microalgae contaminated with 5 mg L?1 of several metal oxide NPs (SiO2, SnO2, CeO2, Fe3O4) for 15 days. Larval viability and development were monitored from the 4-arm stage to the 8-arm pluteus stage. A significant decrease in survival was observed in larvae fed with microalgae exposed to SiO2 and CeO2 NPs. Abnormal development, characterised by skeletal degeneration and altered rudiment growth, was observed in all larvae fed with contaminated NP algae. Our findings revealed that SiO2 and CeO2 NPs exerted a toxic effect in the trophic interaction analysed, by reducing sea urchin larval viability, and all metal oxide NPs induced toxicological effects. In conclusion, metal oxide NPs may enter the food chain and become bioavailable for marine organisms, affecting their development. 相似文献
20.
Animal movement is a pivotal element of many ecological processes, and on ocean-exposed sandy shores, ghost crabs (genus Ocypode) undertake extensive nocturnal forays on the beach surface. Because crab populations are also threatened by vehicle traffic,
indicators that can detect sublethal effects before population declines are manifest are important. To this end, we tested
on a barrier island in Eastern Australia whether movement patterns of crabs respond predictably to disturbance by vehicles;
this was done by tracking (using the spool-and-line technique) crabs at night in beach sections open and closed to traffic.
Beach traffic not only halved population densities of crabs on the unvegetated beach seawards of the dunes, but it also fundamentally
changed crab behaviour and movement: individuals from beach areas rutted by tyre tracks travelled shorter distances in a more
erratic zigzag pattern, and they had significantly compressed home ranges. Such behavioural changes linked to human pressures
could be well suited as an early warning signal for wider negative ecological impacts (as demonstrated by reduced abundances).
They also emphasize the need to incorporate sublethal effects into the assessment and management of ecological changes resulting
from beach recreation. 相似文献