The STRATEGY project (Sustainable Restoration and Long-Term Management of Contaminated Rural, Urban and Industrial Ecosystems) aimed to provide a holistic decision framework for the selection of optimal restoration strategies for the long-term sustainable management of contaminated areas in Western Europe. A critical evaluation was carried out of countermeasures and waste disposal options, from which compendia of state-of-the-art restoration methods were compiled. A decision support system capable of optimising spatially varying restoration strategies, that considered the level of averted dose, costs (including those of waste disposal) and environmental side effects was developed. Appropriate methods of estimating indirect costs associated with side effects and of communicating with stakeholders were identified. The importance of stakeholder consultation at a local level and of ensuring that any response is site and scenario specific were emphasised. A value matrix approach was suggested as a method of addressing social and ethical issues within the decision-making process, and was designed to be compatible with both the countermeasure compendia and the decision support system. The applicability and usefulness of STRATEGY outputs for food production systems in the medium to long term is assessed. 相似文献
Post-Triassic theropod, sauropodomorph, and ornithischian dinosaurs are readily recognized based on the set of traits that
typically characterize each of these groups. On the contrary, most of the early members of those lineages lack such specializations,
but share a range of generalized traits also seen in more basal dinosauromorphs. Here, we report on a new Late Triassic dinosaur
from the Santa Maria Formation of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. The specimen comprises the disarticulated partial skeleton
of a single individual, including most of the skull bones. Based on four phylogenetic analyses, the new dinosaur fits consistently
on the sauropodomorph stem, but lacks several typical features of sauropodomorphs, showing dinosaur plesiomorphies together
with some neotheropod traits. This is not an exception among basal dinosaurs, the early radiation of which is characterized
by a mosaic pattern of character acquisition, resulting in the uncertain phylogenetic placement of various early members of
the group. 相似文献
Gorgonian species may contribute to the three-dimensional seascape in soft bottom-gravel areas, but the information on their
biology and ecology is very scarce. The biometry and secondary production of the Mediterranean soft bottom-gravel passive
suspension feeder Leptogorgia sarmentosa (Cnidaria: Octocorallia) was studied using photographic monitoring of the primary branches from May 1998 to September 2000.
The primary branches observed had a high density of polyps (2.2 ± 0.2 SD polyps mm−1) and a high organic matter content (63.2 ± 9.1 SD %). During the two-year sampling period, there was a net negative growth
in 90% of the gorgonian population. The mean loss during the 27-month period was −2.9 ± 0.9 SD cm per branch (5.7 mg C branch−1). However, considering only the initial and final diameters and maximum height in the 27 months elapsed time, the gorgonians
showed positive growth, which meant that photographic sampling of single branches was a more appropriate method for gorgonian
secondary production monitoring. A water mass anomaly detected in 1999 in the north-western Mediterranean Sea may have been
the cause of the net negative growth in L. sarmentosa in the studied area. Partial mortality due to different factors, such as strong currents, predation, disease, etc., could
be a common strategy in sessile colonial benthic populations that would facilitate their maintenance even during very stressful
circumstances. 相似文献
A number of significant developments towards the management of psychosocial risks have been achieved at the policy level in the European Union (EU) since the introduction of the 1989 European Commission Council Framework Directive 89/391/EEC on Safety and Health of Workers at Work on which a new EU risk prevention culture has since been established, combining legislation, social dialogue, best practices and building partnerships. However, it has been widely acknowledged that initiatives aiming to promote workers’ health have not had the impact anticipated both by experts and policy makers and the main reason for this has been the gap that exists between policy and practice. This paper discusses the findings from the PRIMA-EF project, a policy-orientated project, which focussed on the development of a European framework for psychosocial risk management at the workplace. In particular, the paper presents the results of an EU stakeholder survey and interviews with EU policy level experts to assess their awareness, understanding and evaluation of the impact of policy initiatives for psychosocial risk management. 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Trophic transfer and bioaccumulation of trace metals have a profound impact on the structure and function of coastal areas; however, the metal... 相似文献
The tannery industries generate a solid waste known as tannery sludge, which is composed of organic and inorganic compounds, mainly chromium (Cr). When Cr is not removed from the tannery sludge, this solid waste is metal-rich and its application could affect the soil microorganisms. Alternatively, the composting of the tannery sludge can contribute to decreasing the concentration of Cr in the composted tannery sludge (CTS). However, in some cases, the concentration of Cr remains high in the CTS. During the last 10 years, the Cr-rich CTS has been successively applied in the soil, and its effect on soil microbial properties was verified. Here, we discuss the effect of successive applications of Cr-rich CTS on soil microbes. Interestingly, the findings have shown that successive applications of Cr-rich CTS selected specific soil microbial groups with potential functions. In addition, the studies added a new focus to further research evaluating the potential effect of successive applications of Cr-rich CTS on the rare microbial community.
In this study, we show that moonmilk subaerial speleothems in Altamira Cave (Spain) consist of a network of fiber calcite
crystals and active microbial structures. In Altamira moonmilks, the study of the typology and distribution of fiber crystals,
extracellular polymeric substances, and microorganisms allowed us to define the initial stages of fiber crystal formation
in recent samples as well as the variations in the microstructural arrangement in more evolved stages. Thus, we have been
able to show the existence of a relationship among the different types of fiber crystals and their origins. This allowed us
to outline a model that illustrates the different stages of formation of the moonmilk, developed on different substrata, concluding
that microbes influence physicochemical precipitation, resulting in a variety of fiber crystal morphologies and sizes. 相似文献
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Devices based on lateral flow assay (LFA) have been gaining more and more space in the detection market mainly due to their simplicity, speed, and low... 相似文献