Effect of vermiculite addition on compost produced from Korean food wastes

To evaluate the effect of vermiculite addition on composting food wastes from Korean households, food wastes were composted in three small bins to which different additives were added. The following three bins were employed: in Case I, only recycled compost was composted; in Case II, food wastes with recycled compost; and in Case III, food wastes with recycled compost and vermiculite. In the experiment performed for 30 days, it was confirmed that the supplementary addition of vermiculite to the composting mixture did not significantly improve the weight loss rate and the decomposition rate of food wastes. Due to dilution through the use of inorganic vermiculite, the vermiculite addition reduced the organic matter concentration of the composting mixtures. Vermiculite addition did not raise the pH value. Weight losses of roughly 70% were observed based on calculating moisture loss as well as dry food waste loss and not considering additives, while dry food waste loss was 29.4% and 35.8% with and without the addition of vermiculite, respectively. For these experiments, the major portion of the weight loss was the loss of water. The results indicate a need to differentiate between weight loss percentages and decomposition percentages, and a need to indicate if either of these percentages includes or excludes the mass of additives.     

Corrosion behavior of glass and glass-ceramics made of municipal solid waste incinerator fly ash

Glasses and glass-ceramics were prepared by melting municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator fly ash and their corrosion properties were evaluated. Corrosion of both materials proceeded in two different steps. At the initial stage, the corrosion process is a diffusion-controlled process. After approximately 10 h at the initial stage, weight losses increased linearly with time due to the total dissolution of glasses or glass-ceramics. Leaching of heavy metals from glasses and glass-ceramics were well within international environmental regulations. Corrosion proceeded uniformly in fly ash glass while Na2CaSiO4 crystalline phase was preferentially dissolved in the glass-ceramics.