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61.
Zia Ullah David Johnson Anton Micallef Allan T. Williams 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2010,14(4):285-293
Originally developed within the Mediterranean, a tested coastal management and planning tool was applied outside the region to evaluate its international scope, with particular reference to a less developed country. Seven coastal sites in Pakistan were investigated for their scenic values through a 26 item checklist grouped as physical and human parameters analysed though weighted parameters and fuzzy logic matrices. With respect to a five-class evaluation system, results indicated: Jiwani, Miani Hor and Pasni-Astola Island as extremely attractive natural sites with very high landscape value (classified as Class 1 sites); Mubarak village as an attractive natural site with high landscape value (classified as a Class 2 site); Kaka pir village, Harjana village and Keti Bandar as having little outstanding landscape features or with urban environment and classified as Class 3 sites. Rural and/or urban environmental influences were observed to be critical factors which influenced major human parameters that ultimately affect sites’ scenic classification. However, notwithstanding natural attraction, unless political and social development barriers are tackled in conjunction with recognising areas that possess inherent tourism potential, economic potential is unlikely to be realised. 相似文献
62.
Fozia Batool Shahid Iqbal Kim Wei Chan Muhammad Ilyas Tariq Afzal Shah Muhammad Mustaqeem 《Environmental Forensics》2015,16(1):1-6
Hair and nail samples from young Pakistani adults were separately analyzed for quantification of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations. The concentrations of these metals were also analyzed in commonly consumed local foods to evaluate potential correlation of hair and nail concentrations with diet. Pearson correlation coefficients ranged from 0.349 to 0.999, demonstrating diet to be a significant contributor for accumulation of heavy metals in humans. 相似文献
63.
Bisphenol S has been introduced into some industrial applications and it may act as a xeno-estrogen that can alter endocrine functions and reproduction. The present study was carried out to examine the effect of bisphenol S exposure on oxidative stress, generation of reactive oxygen species, and DNA integrity in rat spermatozoa in vitro and daily sperm production and sperm DNA damage in vivo. Sperm were incubated with bisphenol S at concentrations of 0.5, 1, 10, and 100 µg/L. At the highest concentration, bisphenol S induced formation of reactive oxygen species, caused lipid peroxidation, affected superoxide dismutase levels, and increased DNA fragmentation. Adult rats were exposed to doses of 0.5, 5, 25, and 50 µg/kg/d for 28 days. Decrease in daily sperm production and an increase in sperm DNA damage was observed at the highest dose in the 50 µg/kg/d treated group, but sperm motility was not reduced. 相似文献
64.
Khan Muhammad Hafeez Ullah Khattak Jabar Zaman Khan Jamil Muhammad Malook Ijaz Khan Shahid Ullah Jan Mehmood Din Ismail Saud Shah Kamran Muhammad Alharby Hesham Fahad Shah 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(30):23850-23863
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Salinity is a worldwide environmental problem of agricultural lands. Smoke and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPR) are individually used to improve... 相似文献
65.
The concentration addition (CA) and the independent action (IA) models are widely used for predicting mixture toxicity based on its composition and individual component dose–response profiles. However, the prediction based on these models may be inaccurate due to interaction among mixture components. In this work, the nature and prevalence of non-additive effects were explored for binary, ternary and quaternary mixtures composed of hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs). The toxicity of each individual component and mixture was determined using the Vibrio fischeri bioluminescence inhibition assay. For each combination of chemicals specified by the 2n factorial design, the percent deviation of the predicted toxic effect from the measured value was used to characterize mixtures as synergistic (positive deviation) and antagonistic (negative deviation). An arbitrary classification scheme was proposed based on the magnitude of deviation (d) as: additive (10%, class-I) and moderately (10 < d 30%, class-II), highly (30 < d 50%, class-III) and very highly (>50%, class-IV) antagonistic/synergistic. Naphthalene, n-butanol, o-xylene, catechol and p-cresol led to synergism in mixtures while 1, 2, 4-trimethylbenzene and 1, 3-dimethylnaphthalene contributed to antagonism. Most of the mixtures depicted additive or antagonistic effect. Synergism was prominent in some of the mixtures, such as, pulp and paper, textile dyes, and a mixture composed of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. The organic chemical industry mixture depicted the highest abundance of antagonism and least synergism. Mixture toxicity was found to depend on partition coefficient, molecular connectivity index and relative concentration of the components. 相似文献
66.
Species Redundancy and Ecosystem Reliability 总被引:35,自引:0,他引:35
Shahid Naeem 《Conservation biology》1998,12(1):39-45
67.
Mohammed Shahid Akhlaq 《Environmental science and pollution research international》1997,4(4):217-222
A two-step analytical method is developed for the isolation and characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
in crude oil contaminated soil. In the first step, those crude oil components were isolated which are easily mobilized with
water from the contaminated soil (determination of groundwater pollution potential). In the second step, the fraction containing
the remaining crude oil compounds was extracted using toluene. After the cleanup of the fractions, both fractions were analyzed
using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
The HPLC of the toluene extracted fraction shows that along with the sixteen priority pollutants from the US-EPA list, many
other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are present as well. It is evident from the chromatograms that a significant
amount of PAHs are present as is also the case in the fractions eluted by water.
The described method allows the determination of total organic pollutants from crude oil, some of them being potential groundwater
contaminants. The major part of the total pollutants could not be mobilized by water and therefore remains in the soil, which
was extracted in the second step. 相似文献
68.
Azeem Waqas Ashraf Muhammad Shahzad Sher Muhammad Imtiaz Muhammad Akhtar Mumtaz Rizwan Muhammad Shahid 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(31):24376-24386
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Relations between phosphate and arsenate are important but inconsistent to influence arsenic (As) phytotoxicity depending on many plant and soil... 相似文献
69.
Shahid Muhammad Nadeem Muhammad Bakhat Hafiz Faiq 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(32):39671-39675
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - 相似文献
70.
Sana Ullah Xuejun Guo Xiaoyan Luo Xiangyuan Zhang Siwen Leng Na Ma Palwasha Faiz 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(5):89