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41.
Shahid Mahboob H.F. Alkkahem Al-Balwai K.A. Al-Ghanim F. Al-Misned Z. Ahmed El-Amin M. Suliman 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(4):624-632
Antioxidant enzyme activities of fish (Oreochromis niloticus) were determined in order to assess the status of pollution in the Wadi Namar (WN), near Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Activities of four antioxidant enzymes as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and concentrations of glutathione (GSH) and oxidant malondialdehyde (MDA) were selected as bioindicators. Fish (n = 14) were sampled in the month of April 2013 from WN and a control site (CS). SOD activity was increased by 37.9%, 47%, and 29% in kidney, liver, and heart, respectively, while a significant decrease (36.4%) was observed in gills of O. niloticus from WN as compared to fish from CS. CAT activity was reduced by 51%, 55%, 47%, and 35% in kidney, liver, heart, and gills of O. niloticus from WN. The GST activities in kidney, liver, and heart of O. niloticus from WN were elevated by 34%, 48%, and 32%, respectively. However, significant fall (49%) in gills of fish was noted from WN compared to fish from CS. GSH levels were increased by 44%, 36%, and 38% in kidney, liver, and heart, respectively, but decreased by 30% in gills. MDA levels of O. niloticus were significantly increased in kidney, liver, and heart in fish from WN. Data indicated that WN is polluted mainly by industrial and urban discharge of liquid waste products. 相似文献
42.
Muhammad Nadeem Asghar Aneela Anwar Hafiz Muhammad Abdur Rahman Sammia Shahid Iram Nadeem 《毒物与环境化学》2013,95(8-10):659-676
AbstractThe objective of the present study is to synthesize various metal ions mixed TiO2 nanoparticles using a continuous hydrothermal synthesis pilot reactor for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). In the pilot plant, aqueous solutions of the metal salts are mixed with a flow of supercritical water (450?°C and 24.1?MPa) in a confined jet mixer for continuous synthesis of metal ions-mixed nano-titania. Characterization of the particles was made using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller technique for specific surface area, powder X-ray diffraction analysis and transmission electron microscopy for identification and crystallite size, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy for surface analysis and infrared spectroscopy for distinct group identification. Following the already existing procedures and using the titanates synthesized, dye-sensitized cells of 1?cm2 area were assembled and their photovoltaic parameters were evaluated under standard test conditions. The power conversion efficiencies (η %) for 40?mol % Zn2+, 5?mol % Zr4+ and 10?mol % Zn4+ titania were obtained to be 4.8, 4.95 and 4.9, respectively. The promising efficiency results from a greener and large-scale production of nano-titania is a step forward towards commercializing DSC technology. 相似文献
43.
Nawaz Haq Shah Mohibbullah Nishan Umar Iqbal Jibran Mannan Rabia 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2021,29(11):3548-3560
Journal of Polymers and the Environment - The alkali-soluble cell wall polysaccharides (CWPs), extracted from Nelumbo nucifera rhizome flour (NNRF), were treated with microwave radiation to modify... 相似文献
44.
Shahid Umar Nidhi Gauba Naser A. Anjum Tariq O. Siddiqi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2013,20(9):6039-6049
In a hydroponic culture, experiments were performed to study the influence of potassium (K) supplementation (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 mg L?1) on the arsenic (As; 0, 8, and 10 mg L?1)-accrued changes in growth traits (plant biomass, root–shoot length) and the contents of lepidine, As and K, in garden cress (Lepidium sativum Linn.) at 10 days after treatment. The changes in these traits were correlated with shoot proline content, protein profile, and the activities of antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase (SOD, EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT, EC 1.11.1.6), glutathione reductase (GR, EC 1.8.1.7), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX, EC 1.11.1.11). In general, As-alone treatments significantly decreased the growth traits but lead to significant enhancements in shoot proline and enzyme activities. K-supplementation to As-treated L. sativum seedlings decreased shoot-As content, reduced As-induced decreases in growth traits but enhanced the content of shoot proline, and the activities of the studied enzymes maximally with K100 + As8 and As10 mg L?1. Both 8 and 10 mg L?1 of As drastically downregulated the shoot proteins ranging from 43–65 kDa. With As10 mg L?1, there was a total depletion of protein bands below 23 kDa; however, K80 mg L?1 maximally recovered and upregulated the protein bands. Additionally, protein bands were downregulated (at par with As-alone treatment) above K80 mg L?1 level. Interestingly, As-stress increased lepidine content in a dose-dependent manner which was further augmented with the K-supplementation. It is suggested that K protects L. sativum against As-toxicity by decreasing its accumulation and strengthening antioxidant defense system and protein stability. 相似文献
45.
Fozia Batool Shahid Iqbal Kim Wei Chan Muhammad Ilyas Tariq Afzal Shah Muhammad Mustaqeem 《Environmental Forensics》2015,16(1):1-6
Hair and nail samples from young Pakistani adults were separately analyzed for quantification of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn concentrations. The concentrations of these metals were also analyzed in commonly consumed local foods to evaluate potential correlation of hair and nail concentrations with diet. Pearson correlation coefficients ranged from 0.349 to 0.999, demonstrating diet to be a significant contributor for accumulation of heavy metals in humans. 相似文献
46.
Priyanka Bihari A. K. Nayak Priyanka Gautam B. Lal M. Shahid R. Raja R. Tripathi P. Bhattacharyya B. B. Panda S. Mohanty K. S. Rao 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2015,187(5):296
Integrated rice–fish culture, an age-old farming system, is a technology which could produce rice and fish sustainably at a time by optimizing scarce resource use through complementary use of land and water. An understanding of microbial processes is important for the management of farming systems as soil microbes are the living part of soil organic matter and play critical roles in soil C and N cycling and ecosystem functioning of farming system. Rice-based integrated farming system model for small and marginal farmers was established in 2001 at Central Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha. The different enterprises of farming system were rice–fish, fish–fingerlings, fruits, vegetables, rice–fish refuge, and agroforestry. This study was conducted with the objective to assess the soil physicochemical properties, microbial population, carbon and nitrogen fractions, soil enzymatic activity, and productivity of different enterprises. The effect of enterprises induced significant changes in the chemical composition and organic matter which in turn influenced the activities of enzymes (urease, acid, and alkaline phosphatase) involved in the C, N, and P cycles. The different enterprises of long-term rice-based farming system caused significant variations in nutrient content of soil, which was higher in rice–fish refuge followed by rice–fish enterprise. Highest microbial populations and enzymatic properties were recorded in rice–fish refuge system because of waterlogging and reduced condition prolonged in this system leading to less decomposition of organic matter. The maximum alkaline phosphatase, urease, and FDA were observed in rice–fish enterprise. However, highest acid phosphatase and dehydrogenase activity were obtained in vegetable enterprise and fish–fingerlings enterprise, respectively. 相似文献
47.
Species Redundancy and Ecosystem Reliability 总被引:35,自引:0,他引:35
Shahid Naeem 《Conservation biology》1998,12(1):39-45
48.
49.
Mohammed Shahid Akhlaq 《Environmental science and pollution research international》1997,4(4):217-222
A two-step analytical method is developed for the isolation and characterization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
in crude oil contaminated soil. In the first step, those crude oil components were isolated which are easily mobilized with
water from the contaminated soil (determination of groundwater pollution potential). In the second step, the fraction containing
the remaining crude oil compounds was extracted using toluene. After the cleanup of the fractions, both fractions were analyzed
using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
The HPLC of the toluene extracted fraction shows that along with the sixteen priority pollutants from the US-EPA list, many
other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are present as well. It is evident from the chromatograms that a significant
amount of PAHs are present as is also the case in the fractions eluted by water.
The described method allows the determination of total organic pollutants from crude oil, some of them being potential groundwater
contaminants. The major part of the total pollutants could not be mobilized by water and therefore remains in the soil, which
was extracted in the second step. 相似文献
50.
Azeem Waqas Ashraf Muhammad Shahzad Sher Muhammad Imtiaz Muhammad Akhtar Mumtaz Rizwan Muhammad Shahid 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2017,24(31):24376-24386
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Relations between phosphate and arsenate are important but inconsistent to influence arsenic (As) phytotoxicity depending on many plant and soil... 相似文献