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541.
Dahe Jiang Yang Zhang Xiang Hu Yun Zeng Jianguo Tan Demin Shao 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2004,38(40):7055
An air pollution index (API) reporting system is introduced to selected cities of China for public communication on air quality data. Shanghai is the first city in China providing daily average API reports and forecasts. This paper describes the development of an artificial neural network (ANN) model for the API forecasting in Shanghai. It is a multiple layer perceptron (MLP) network, with meteorological forecasting data as the main input, to output the next day average API values. However, the initial version of the MLP model did not work well. To improve the model, a series of tests were conducted with respect to the training method and structure optimization. Based on the test results, the training algorithm was modified and a new model was built. The new model is now being used in Shanghai for API forecasting. Its performance is shown reasonably well in comparison with observation. The application of the old model was only weakly correlated with observation. In 1-year application, the correlation coefficients were 0.2314, 0.1022 and 0.1710 for TSP, SO2 and NOx, respectively. But for the new model, for over 8 months application, the correlation coefficients are raised to 0.6056, 0.6993 and 0.6300 for PM10, SO2, and NO2. Further, the new algorithm does not rely on manpower intervention so that it is now being applied in several other Chinese cities with quite different meteorological conditions. The structure of the model and the application results are presented in this paper and also the problems to be further studied. 相似文献
542.
543.
农林生物质在含铬废水处理中的应用 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
农林生物质作为低成本吸附剂在环境污染治理中日益受到重视。综述了农林生物质在含铬废水处理中的应用研究进展,分析了生物质处理含铬废水的机理、影响因素,指出了生物质法处理含铬废水的发展方向。 相似文献
544.
Yang Y Tao S Wong PK Hu JY Guo M Cao HY Coveney RM Zuo Q Li BG Liu WX Cao J Xu FL 《Chemosphere》2005,60(6):753-761
The dynamic exposures to HCHs of individuals born between the years 1913 and 1993 in Tianjin have been simulated by connecting a fugacity model (IV) with a multimedia exposure model. Ingestion is the most important pathway for human beings to take up HCHs, and concentrations in the human body correlate with body weight changes. Accumulations of HCHs were derived assuming that the degradation in human body behaved linearly. The health risk of exposure to HCHs was measured using cancer risk and loss of life expectancy (LLE), and LLE was modified from its original definition to incorporate a dynamic calculation that takes variances in exposure into account. Monte-Carlo simulations were run to analyze the uncertainties of the model. 相似文献
545.
546.
秸秆固定化石油降解菌降解原油的初步研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用秸秆做载体固定嗜碱芽孢杆菌(Bacillus alcalophilus SG)降解原油,其原油去除率为73.88%,高于单纯投加菌液或者菌液与秸秆的混合物的原油去除率.秸秆的最佳投加量(干重)为25.0 g/L,最佳固定化时间为30 h.用预处理过的秸秆固定SG,降低了固定化SG的原油去除率.在固定化培养基中添加无机盐离子,促进了固定化SG对原油的降解.不同初始pH的原油培养基在固定化SG降解原油的过程中逐渐呈中性或偏碱性.固定化SG在pH 6.0~10.0时对原油均有不错的降粘能力. 相似文献
547.
548.
Ammonia inhibition on thermophilic anaerobic digestion 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
This study evaluated both chronic and acute toxicity of ammonia in thermophilic anaerobic digestion of synthetic wastewater over a range of acclimation concentrations. The inhibition effects of ammonia, in terms of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), under various pH values and acclimation conditions on thermophilic aceticlastic methanogens were investigated. Completely mixed thermophilic anaerobic reactors operated at a chemical oxygen demand (COD) loading rate of 4 g/lday and a solid retention time (SRT) of 7 days were subjected to TAN concentrations of 0.40, 1.20, 3.05, 4.92, and 5.77 g/l. The reactor operations presented a case of chronic inhibition and it was observed that TAN concentrations of 4.92 and 5.77 g/l caused a drop in methane production by as much as 39% and 64%, respectively with respect to control. Batch anaerobic toxicity assays (ATA) were also performed to evaluate the acute toxicity effects of TAN and pH on methanogenesis at thermophilic condition. Modeling based on the results of ATA indicated that aceticlastic methanogens acclimated to high concentrations of TAN were less sensitive to increase in TAN and could tolerate wider pH ranges. TAN concentration causing 100% inhibition occurred in the range of 8-13 g/l, depending on acclimation condition and system pH. 相似文献
549.
550.
不同粒度飞灰中16种微量元素的含量分布 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
研究了不同粒级的燃煤飞灰中的Ba、Be、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Li、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sr、Ti、V、Zn、Zr元素的含量分布,煤中元素的含量比及富集因子。 相似文献