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401.
Pinjing He Na Yang Wenjuan Fang Fan L�� Liming Shao 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2011,5(2):175-185
To understand the influence patterns and interactions of three important environmental factors, i.e. soil water content, oxygen concentration, and ammonium addition, on methane oxidation, the soils from landfill cover layers were incubated under full factorial parameter settings. In addition to the methane oxidation rate, the quantities and community structures of methanotrophs were analyzed to determine the methane oxidation capacity of the soils. Canonical correspondence analysis was utilized to distinguish the important impact factors. Water content was found to be the most important factor influencing the methane oxidation rate and Type II methanotrophs, and the optimum value was 15% (w/w), which induced methane oxidation rates 10- and 6- times greater than those observed at 5% (w/w) and 20% (w/w), respectively. Ambient oxygen conditions were more suitable for methane oxidation than 3% oxygen. The addition of 100 mg-N·kg drysoil ?1 of ammonium induced different effects on methane oxidation capacity when conducted at low or high water content. With regard to the methanotrophs, Type II was sensitive to the changes of water content, while Type I was influenced by oxygen content. Furthermore, the methanotrophic acidophile, Verrucomicrobia, was detected in soils with a pH of 4.9, which extended their known living environments. 相似文献
402.
Sheteiwy Mohamed Salah Shaghaleh Hiba Hamoud Yousef Alhaj Holford Paul Shao Hongbo Qi Weicong Hashmi Muhammad Zaffar Wu Tianow 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(28):36942-36966
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is expected to increase soil fertility, crop productivity, and food quality. However, the potential... 相似文献
403.
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405.
城市垃圾资源利用前景的分析 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
何品晶 《长江流域资源与环境》1996,5(2):133-138
总结了垃圾资源利用技术的发展现状;分析了我国城市垃圾的组成状况和变化趋势。以此为基础对其利用潜力进行了估计,并以流程为依据作了下世纪初城市垃圾资源利用系统的经济分析。认为资源利用是节约城市垃圾处理、处置费用和节省自然资源的有效途径;以生物和热化学转化利用城市垃圾中的能量是我国城市垃圾资源利用的主要方向。 相似文献
406.
Various disinfection byproducts(DBPs) form during the process of chlorination disinfection,posing potential threats to drinking water safety and human health. Sulfamethazine(SMT),the most commonly used and frequently detected veterinary antibiotic, was investigated in detail with regard to its transformation and kinetics in reactions with free available chlorine(FAC). Using liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry, several DBPs were identified based on different confidence levels, and a variety of reaction types, including desulfonation, S–N cleavage, hydroxylation, and chlorine substitution, were proposed. The kinetic experiments indicated that the reaction rate was FAC-and pH-dependent, and SMT exhibits low reactivity toward FAC in alkaline conditions. The DBPs exhibited a much higher acute toxicity than SMT, as estimated by quantitative structure activity relationship models. More importantly, we observed that the FAC-treated SMT reaction solution might increase the genotoxic potential due to the generation of DBPs. This investigation provides substantial new details related to the transformation of SMT in the chlorination disinfection process. 相似文献
407.
本文对金鱼藻(Ceratophyllum demersum)过氧化物酶(POD)进行了分离纯化及酶学特性分析,并探讨了其对双酚A (BPA)的降解特性.结果表明,采用硫酸铵和AKTA蛋白纯化系统获得纯化的POD,该酶具有较广的温度和pH值适应范围,在温度为70℃,pH值为7,H2O2浓度为5mmol/L时POD酶活力最大.金鱼藻POD可高效降解BPA.当金鱼藻POD活力为10U/mL时,15min内对0.02mmol/L BPA的降解率达到99.67%,活力为25U/mL及以上时,完全降解.降解条件的最适范围分别为H2O2 1~5mmol/L、30~60℃、pH 5~7.其降解动力学米氏Km为0.09mmol/L,最大反应速度为9.71mmol/(L·h).BPA经金鱼藻POD降解后无雌激素效应.金鱼藻POD高稳定性和高活性的特点以及对BPA的高效降解能力是该水生植物成为水环境BPA污染的理想修复工具的重要原因. 相似文献
408.
Mu Yunsong Shao Meichen Zhong Buqing Zhao Yiqun Leung Kenneth M. Y. Giesy John P. Ma Jin Wu Fengchang Zeng Fangang 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(28):37051-37059
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought unprecedented public health, and social and economic challenges. It remains unclear... 相似文献
409.
Han Jie He Shanshan Shao Wenyuan Wang Chaoqi Qiao Longkai Zhang Jiaqi Yang Ling 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(1):81-95
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Municipal solid waste could potentially transmit human pathogens during the collection, transport, handling, and disposal of waste. Workers and residents living in... 相似文献
410.
三邻甲苯磷酸酯(tri-o-cresyl phosphate,TOCP)是一种有机磷酸酯类化合物,具神经毒性作用。研究表明星形胶质细胞是有机磷化合物(organophosphorus compounds,OPs)神经毒性作用的靶点之一。为了探讨TOCP对星形胶质细胞的毒性作用,采用大鼠C6星形胶质细胞分别经0.1、0.3、1.0和3.0 mmol·L-1TOCP染毒处理24 h,应用MTT比色法和乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力分析法检测细胞活力,在电子相差显微镜下观察细胞形态,二硫代二硝基苯甲酸(DNTB)比色法测定谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性,流式细胞仪检测分析细胞周期。结果显示,经TOCP处理24 h后,大鼠C6星形胶质细胞存活率降低,LDH释放增加,细胞形态也发生了明显的变化。GSH含量和GSH-Px活性降低,G1期细胞数量也逐渐增加。上述结果表明,TOCP对星形胶质细胞具有毒性作用,引起氧化损伤和细胞周期阻滞。 相似文献