蒽醌废水生化处理的活性污泥驯化

通过比较不同的污泥驯化方法研究了活性污泥法处理蒽醌废水的可行性.结果表明,常规的CODCr负荷提升法需要50 d才可以驯化出活性污泥.在进水中添加1 g/L葡萄糖可以快速提高污泥浓度,但是驯化出的污泥活性很低,不能满足废水的处理要求.最好的方法是添加1 g/L葡萄糖和原废水交叉循环驯化法,第28天就可以驯化出高活性的污泥.在平均进水CODCr为1 050 mg/L、HRT为24 h的条件下,CODCr去除率达到95.6%.     

古浪-海原地区滑坡分布规律的模糊综合评判

本文在研究古浪-海原地区地震滑坡和重力滑坡形成条件和特点的基础上,首次采用多因素模糊数学综合评判方法对这一地区的滑坡空间分布特征进行了探讨和预测,提高了区域滑坡分布规律和危险性预测的深度和广度,为本区滑坡灾害的预测预防提供了重要的依据。     

长白山低山丘陵区生态农业建设与小流域治理——以吉林省柳河试验区为例

吉林省柳河试验区是长白山低山丘陵区域的典型代表。本文在分析了该试验区的农业自然条件及其存在的主要问题的基础上,提出了生态农业建设与小流域综合治理的技术模式,并报道了初步实施结果     

厌氧滤池-膜生物反应器处理垃圾渗滤液不同工艺段中有机氯农药残留的分析

建立了基于HLB固相萃取柱和气相色谱／电子捕获(GC／ECD)分析垃圾渗滤液中有机氯农药的分析方法,对厌氧滤池．膜生物反应器处理垃圾渗滤液不同工艺段水体中有机氯农药的浓度进行了分析．结果表明,应用厌氧滤池．膜生物反应器处理垃圾渗滤液可以有效去除有机氯农药残留,主要去除工艺是厌氧,其中P,P’-DDT厌氧反应的中间体产物是P,P’-DDD,大部分继续转化为其它产物．在所试验的垃圾渗滤液中没有检出DDTs和HCHs以外的其它优先控制有机氯农药．     

Measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence reveals mechanisms for habitat niche separation of the intertidal seagrasses <Emphasis Type="Italic">Thalassia hemprichii</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Halodule uninervis</Emphasis>

In Taiwan, Thalassia hemprichii dominates the upper intertidal zone, whereas Halodule uninervis occupies the lower intertidal zone. We tested the hypothesis that T. hemprichii is better adapted to high irradiance and more resistant to air exposure than H. uninervis. The photosynthetic efficiency, damage, and extent of recovery were determined by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence using pulse amplitude modulated fluorometry. Both species growing in tidal pools, in response to high irradiance alone, revealed a small depression in maximal quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) at noon. The second experiment compared the effect of air exposure alone and the combined effect of air exposure with high irradiance by interposing a shading screen on both species, growing in the intertidal zone over a diurnal cycle. Values of Fv/Fm of both the shaded and irradiated T. hemprichii remained high at low tide. However, H. uninervis exhibited a marked depression following air exposure and a synergistic depression under the combined effect. The experimental manipulations of exposure time demonstrated that the tolerance of T. hemprichii to the combined effect was longer and the recovery from air exposure following re-submersion was better than those of H. uninervis. Both species were more susceptible to the combined effect in the dry season than in the wet season. Our results suggest that air exposure is more important than high irradiance in constraining the distribution of H. uninervis in the upper intertidal zone. This was confirmed by transplantation experiments in which a rapid decline of H. uninervis was observed after transplantation into the upper intertidal zone. In the lower intertidal zone, measurements of the response of the photosynthetic electron transport rate to irradiance demonstrated that the transplanted T. hemprichii exhibited a sun-type response and H. uninervis a shade-type response.     

Municipal solid waste,an overlooked route of transmission for the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2: a review

Environmental Chemistry Letters - Municipal solid waste could potentially transmit human pathogens during the collection, transport, handling, and disposal of waste. Workers and residents living in...     

考虑径向温度效应的能源桩荷载传递分析方法研究

针对能源桩受温度作用影响时的承载特性难以量化,提出考虑径向温度效应的荷载传递法对能源桩热-力耦合作用下的受力特性进行研究,评估温度变化对能源桩的影响,研究桩身轴力、桩侧摩阻力的分布状态,并以昆山能源桩的现场测试为依托,验证了本文方法的可行性。计算结果表明,温度作用对能源桩桩身应力应变状态有显著影响,当桩体受极限荷载与温度作用时,侧阻力发挥的作用几乎不大,在降温作用下能源桩桩顶会产生残余变形,因此在能源桩设计时应以降温作用时的沉降值为标准进行折减,考虑能源桩的设计承载力。     

Behavior of the herbicide dimepiperate with homoionic clays in aqueous solution

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异戊二烯与O3的大气化学反应研究

研究室温下石英玻璃反应器中异戊二烯与Ｏ３的暗反应,长光路ＦＴＩＲ法得到的实验结果表明,在本模拟反应条件下异戊二烯－Ｏ３反应体系中,主要产物甲基丙烯醛、甲基乙烯基酮和ＨＣＨＯ的产率分别为３７．４％、２０．２％和５５．１％,通过红外谱图的分析可确定反应中的其它产物为ＨＣＯＯＨ、ＣＯ和ＣＯ２等,对异戊二烯与Ｏ３的反应机理进行了探讨。     

双波长紫外吸收法有机废水COD测量技术与仪器设计

紫外吸收法直接测定有机废水COD是一种无需化学试剂、无样品前处理、无二次污染的绿色无损检测技术,但在实际应用中发现,有机废水中的悬浮物对测量结果产生较大影响.以实际废水水样为例,详细阐述了双波长紫外吸收法测量有机废水COD的操作方法及其消除悬浮物干扰的原理,并介绍了运用该技术设计开发的COD在线测量仪器.该仪器采用嵌入式计算机系统实时采集和处理数据,根据实际废水在双波长测量条件下的有效紫外吸光度快速推算出其COD值,具有快速、准确、无污染的特点.