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521.
Li Wang Mingan Shao Quanjiu Wang William J. Gale 《Environmental Science & Policy》2006,9(7-8):675-684
Historical records from the past 2000 years indicate that the vegetative cover of the Loess Plateau has declined significantly with time. The decline in vegetative cover seems closely related to increased rates of soil erosion as well as the increased frequency of natural disasters such as floods, droughts and dust storms. The condition of the environment and its relationship with development is a serious problem as the Chinese government searches for ways to improve the living standard of people in the region. The purpose of this study is to outline historical changes in the vegetation and environmental conditions of the Loess Plateau. Although we believe that current population pressure of the Loess Plateau is becoming unsustainable, our objective is not to be overly pessimistic in regards to the future development of the region. Instead, our purpose is to increase the awareness of environmental conditions in the region and to encourage the implementation of policies that will promote sustainable development of the Loess Plateau. 相似文献
522.
Wang Jian Liu Guo-hua Wang Junyan Xu Xianglong Shao Yuting Zhang Qian Liu Yuchen Qi Lu Wang Hongchen 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(32):43035-43049
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Urban drainage pipeline systems collect and transport domestic sewage, industrial wastewater, and rainwater. They are important components of urban... 相似文献
523.
二污染极其在垃圾焚烧中的控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍二的毒性及其在环境中的存在状态,并就在垃圾焚烧中如何控制二的产生及焚烧后残渣、飞灰的处理进行了探讨. 相似文献
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525.
Carbonyl compounds are important intermediates in atmospheric photochemistry, but their primary sources are still not understood well. In this work, carbonyls, hydrocarbons,and alkyl nitrates were continuously measured during November 2011 at a rural site in the Yangtze River Delta region of China. Mixing ratios of carbonyls and hydrocarbons showed large fluctuations during the entire measurement. The average level for total measured volatile organic compounds during the pollution episode from 25 th to 27 th November, 2011 was 91.6 ppb, about 7 times the value for the clean period of 7th–8th, November, 2011. To preliminarily identify toluene sources at this site, the emission ratio of toluene to benzene(T/B) during the pollution episode was determined based on photochemical ages derived from the relationship of alkyl nitrates to their parent alkanes. The calculated T/B was5.8 ppb/ppb, significantly higher than the values of 0.2–1.7 ppb/ppb for vehicular exhaust and other combustion sources, indicating the dominant influence of industrial emissions on ambient toluene. The contributions of industrial sources to ambient carbonyls were then calculated using a multiple linear regression fit model that used toluene and alkyl nitrates as respective tracers for industrial emission and secondary production. During the pollution episode, 18.5%, 69.0%, and 52.9% of measured formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone were considered to be attributable to industrial emissions. The emission ratios relative to toluene for formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, and acetone were determined to be 0.10, 0.20 and0.40 ppb/ppb, respectively. More research on industrial carbonyl emission characteristics is needed to understand carbonyl sources better. 相似文献
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527.
Zhang Hongwei Ahmad Zulfiqar Shao Yalu Yang Zhonghua Jia Yufei Zhong Hua 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(9):10519-10535
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - As one of the low-impact development measures, bioretention plays an important role in reducing the runoff peak flow and minimizing runoff pollutants,... 相似文献
528.
The ubiquitous distribution of halogenated aromatic compounds(XAr) coupled with their carcinogenicity has raised public concerns on their potential risks to both human health and the ecosystem. Recently, advanced oxidation processes(AOPs) have been considered as an"environmentally-friendly" technology for the remediation and destruction of such recalcitrant and highly toxic XAr. During our study on the mechanism of metal-independent production of hydroxyl radicals(UOH) by halogenated quinones and H_2O_2, we found, unexpectedly, that an unprecedented UOH-dependent two-step intrinsic chemiluminescene(CL) can be produced by H_2O_2 and tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone, the major carcinogenic metabolite of the widely used wood preservative pentachlorophenol. Further investigations showed that, in all UOH-generating systems, CL can also be produced not only by pentachlorophenol and all other halogenated phenols, but also by all XAr tested. A systematic structure–activity relationship study for all 19 chlorophenolic congeners showed that the CL increased with an increasing number of Cl-substitution in general. More importantly, a relatively good correlation was observed between the formation of quinoid/semiquinone radical intermediates and CL generation. Based on these results, we propose that UOH-dependent formation of quinoid intermediates and electronically excited carbonyl species is responsible for this unusual CL production; and a rapid, sensitive,simple, and effective CL method was developed not only to detect and quantify trace amount of XAr, but also to provide useful information for predicting the toxicity or monitoring real-time degradation kinetics of XAr. These findings may have broad chemical, environmental and biological implications for future studies on halogenated aromatic persistent organic pollutants. 相似文献
529.
在危险与可操作性分析(HAZOP)被普遍关注的情况下,依然不能忽视故障树分析(FTA)对于工艺安全管理的意义。将FTA与HAZOP进行了对比,并分析了两种方法的优缺点。以污水处理装置为例,进行FTA,给出了整改建议措施。并根据FTA分析在实践中的应用,提出了将FTA更好地应用于工艺安全管理的建议。 相似文献
530.