组合式油烟洗涤净化装置运行条件优化

通过设计二级组合式油烟洗涤装置,以清水为介质,进行动态模拟油烟气洗涤净化实验,研究最佳运行操作条件.实验结果表明:烟气流率、入口浓度和液相油烟浓度积累是影响二级组合式油烟洗涤装置总效率的重要因素,曝气深度对洗涤槽的洗涤效率有重要影响,而喷淋量则对填料洗涤塔的洗涤效果有重要影响;在烟气流率为2.8m3/h,入口浓度为3mg/m3,曝气深度为4.5～6.0cm(对应水深约为14.0cm),喷淋量为0.9L/min, 液相浓度＜12mg/L·CCL4的运行条件下,该净化装置对油烟废气的最大总净化效率可达80%.     

接触氧化—超滤膜分离工艺在中水处理中的应用研究

论述了接触氧化—超滤膜分离技术在中水处理中的应用,提出了针对性试验和运行参数,并对不同膜和技术工艺进行了对比。     

羟丙基-β-环糊精对不动杆菌属菌株降解硝基苯的影响研究

经过长期驯化和分离得到一株能降解硝基苯的高效菌株，初步鉴定其为不动杆菌属菌株，在30C时，硝基苯对该菌株的最适宜浓度为400mg／L左右。主要研究了羟丙基-β-环糊精(HPCD)对该菌株降解硝基苯的影响。研究发现：当硝基苯的浓度不超过微生物的最适宜生长浓度(400mg／L)时，HPCD对其降解基本没有影响；当硝基苯的浓度高于微生物的最适宜生长浓度时，HPCD的包合作用降低了硝基苯的毒性，加快了硝基苯的降解；HPCD浓度保持一定时，随着硝基苯浓度的增加，促进效果越明显；硝基苯浓度保持不变时，HPCD的浓度越高，促进效果越明显。     

OH自由基引发的甲烷光化学氧化体系中有机过氧化物的研究

在１．０１３２５×１０＾５Ｐａ,２９８Ｋ,Ｏ２－Ｎ２气氛下,采用长光路付立叶红外光谱仪跟踪反应进程,高压液相色谱仪测定反应产物中有机过氧化物,研究了ＯＨ自由基基引发的甲烷光化学反应体系,证实反应产物中有Ｈ２Ｏ２、甲基过氧化氢（ＣＨ３Ｏ２Ｈ,ＭＨＰ）和过氧甲醚（ＣＨ３Ｏ２ＣＨ３）,并发现羟甲基过氧化氢（ＨＯＣＨ２ＯＯＨ,ＨＭＨＰ）和一未知有机过氧化物,ＨＭＨＰ的发现表明ＣＨ４氧化过程中可能存在过氧甲     

Experiences of Coal Ash Artificial Reefs in Taiwan

A feasibility study for using fly-ash from Taiwan coal-fired power stations for artificial reef production was started in 1983. Various mixtures of fly ash stabilized with lime, cement, or industrial wastes and formed into blocks were tested in the laboratory. the results showed that the development of compressive strength of those blocks immersed in the sea water was much better than those exposed in the air. Heavy metal (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) content of the blocks has been monitored routinely to determine the leaching rates. the result indicates that solidification of fly-ash could indeed immobilize heavy metals better than the original fly ash. From March 1984 to February 1987, 3,682 coal ash stabilized blocks with total weight of 300 tons were designed, fabricated and installed at both Hsin-ta, south western coast, and Kuei-hou, northern coast of Taiwan, for field trials. After four years' underwater observations on 100 cubic blocks at Wan-Li, northern Taiwan, it was shown that the physical integrity of the ash reef blocks had been maintained. the compressive strength and durability was better than the concrete artificial reefs nearby. the ash reefs could also attract fishes and the colonization by benthic organisms was similar to that on concrete reefs. Eighty-eight species of fishes were observed, of which 27 were commercially important, comprising more than 80% of the total biomass. These results demonstrate a potential use for stabilized coal ash as artificial reefs to replace traditionally used concrete reefs to protect and enhance the coastal fishery resources in Taiwan in the future.     

航空铝型材一次折斜角成形试验方法的研究

型材一次折斜角成形是制造飞机承力结构零件的成形方法之一 ,通过试验的方法获得某种型材一次折斜角成形极限角度参数对飞机零件的生产有着重要的指导作用。简要地介绍了航空铝型材一次折斜角试验的 3种方法 ,并进行了分析和比较 ,为评价角型材开斜角或闭斜角成形时的工艺性能提供了有效的手段     

Certainties and uncertainties of land cover statistics in China

Vegetation or land cover maps have been made directly or indirectly available for the entire territory of China. The certainties and uncertainties d land cover statistics were analyzed by comparing three data sources: China‘ s Vegetation Map, IGPB DISCover, and University of Maryland Product. Great similarities in the statistics of 7 aggregated land cover types were found among the three data sources, particularly between the two global land cover maps. The per-pixel agreement between any 2 of 3 maps was between 38.0%--51.4% ; the per-pixel agreement among all three maps was only 27.1%. Certainties were found in regions where vegetation types are typical and human land use practice is relatively homogenous; the uncertainties occurred to either vegetation transition zones or regions where land cover types and land use practice are relatively diversified. Systematic and multidisciplinacy efforts are necessary to promote accurate mapping of nationwide land cover types in China. Intensive efforts should be made in regions where uncertainties of land cover information are found.     

Traffic emission and its impact on air quality in Guangzhou area

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蚕豆根尖细胞微核法监测连云港市近海海水污染的研究

研究了用蚕虫根尖细胞微核技术监测海水污染的可行性，报告了用此法监测连云港市近海海水污染的实验结果。在与同期化学监测结果对比的基础上，提出了划分布污染等级的初步标准，对应用该法的意义进行了讨论。     

Acute toxicity of benzene derivatives to the tadpoles (Rana japonica) and QSAR analyses

Acute lethal toxicity (the negative logarithm of molar concentrations of 12 h acute median lethal, expressed as 12 h-log1/LC50) of 46 benzene derivatives to Rana japonica tadpoles was determined. 1-octanol/water partition coefficient (logKow)-dependent models were developed to study the toxicity of different categories chemicals. In an effort to model all chemicals, response surface analyses and stepwise multiple regression analyses were performed and successful models were obtained. A general and robust QSAR model was achieved with the combined application of variables reflecting hydrophobicity, electric property, and molecular size respectively (12h-log1/LC50 = 0.393logKow - 0.428Elumo + 0.0110Vol. + 1.362 n = 51, r2 = 0.834) using stepwise multiple regression analyses. Because of strong dissociation of carboxyl group greatly decreasing their observed toxicity, using logDow in instead of logKow the quality of the models is greatly improved. The conventional r2 and cross-validation r2(CV) were 0.914 and 0.785, respectively, indicating that QSAR was both internally consistent and highly predictive.