岩巷综掘工作面泡沫除尘技术研究

在截割头割岩产尘机理和泡沫除尘机理的指导下,通过实验开发了发泡剂和泡沫除尘设备,经过现场实验验证,泡沫开启前后回风中全尘平均质量浓度分别为442.79 mg/m3和112.29 mg/m3,泡沫平均除尘效率为74.64%;泡沫开启前后回风中呼吸性粉尘平均质量浓度分别为151.29 mg/m3和23.87 mg/m3,泡沫平均除尘效率为84.22%。     

钠基膨润土、粉煤灰吸附预处理煤气化废水效果及机理

煤气化废水具有可生化性差,酚类物质含量高、毒性强的特点,导致生物处理效果不理想。以煤气化废水厌氧段进水为研究对象,分别以钠基膨润土(Na-BBT)与粉煤灰(PFA)作为吸附剂,探究其对煤气化废水中主要特征污染物的去除效果和吸附机理。结果表明：Na-BBT、PFA对煤气化废水中的化学需氧量(COD)、氨氮(NH₃-N)与总酚(total phenols,Tph)有一定的去除效果,其可生化性得到提升,经过Na-BBT和PFA处理后,BOD₅/COD由0.29分别提高至0.37和0.32;废水中的NH₃-N由221.3 mg·L⁻¹分别降至128.6 mg·L⁻¹和180.8 mg·L⁻¹,总酚由554.8 mg·L⁻¹分别降至360.6 mg·L⁻¹和386.7 mg·L⁻¹。气相色谱质谱(GC-MS)分析结果表明,去除的主要物质为苯酚、4-甲基苯酚、邻苯二酚、(R)-(+)-3-甲基环戊酮和对羟基苯乙酮等毒性物质,废水毒性得到降低,毒性单元(toxic unit,TU)值由 22.3 分别降至 15.2和18.4。通过吸附等温和吸附动力学分析可知,Na-BBT和PFA对煤气化废水的吸附符合 Langmuir模型和准一级动力学模型;三维荧光光谱、孔径比表面积(BET)、扫描电镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、X 射线衍射(XRD)、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)和X射线电子能谱(XPS)等分析结果表明,Na-BBT和PFA对煤气化废水中污染物的吸附去除过程和机理主要受物理扩散控制,为表面和孔道的物理吸附,同时也存在离子交换吸附。以上结果表明Na-BBT和PFA作为吸附剂,可以有效提高煤气化废水的可生化性,降低毒性,将其用于煤气化废水的预处理,具有潜在和广泛的应用前景。     

基于瓦斯地质图的瓦斯含量和瓦斯涌出量的定量预测

在分析煤矿所属矿区地质构造演化及分布特征的基础上,绘制了邻水煤矿瓦斯含量及瓦斯涌出量等值线图,初步掌握了该矿的瓦斯分布规律;同时对该矿瓦斯含量大小和瓦斯涌出量状况作出了有效的定量分析,为该矿的瓦斯综合治理提供了有效数据,也为保障矿井安全生产作出了贡献.     

Data mining applications in evaluating mine ventilation system

A mine’s ventilation system is an important component of an underground mining system. It provides a sufficient quantity of air to maintain suitable working environment. Therefore, the status of mine ventilation should be tracked and monitored as a timely matter. Based on former findings and in-depth analysis of mine ventilation systems, a proper early warning model is proposed in this paper for such considerations to improve the mine ventilation safety. The model itself is comprised of two sub-models, and two data mining techniques are used to assist in building each sub-model. One is the optimal indexes selection model which applies the Rough Set theory (RS) to assist the selection of best ventilation indexes. The other is the risk evaluation model based on the Support Vector Machine (SVM) to classify the risk ranks for the mine ventilation system. Testing cases have been used to demonstrate the applicability of this integrated model.     

Is atmospheric oxidation capacity better in indicating tropospheric O3 formation?

● This study summarizes and evaluates different approaches that indicate O₃ formation. ● Isopleth and sensitivity methods are useful but have many prerequisites. ● AOC is a better indicator of photochemical reactions leading to O₃ formation. Tropospheric ozone (O₃) concentration is increasing in China along with dramatic changes in precursor emissions and meteorological conditions, adversely affecting human health and ecosystems. O₃ is formed from the complex nonlinear photochemical reactions from nitrogen oxides (NO_x = NO + NO₂) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Although the mechanism of O₃ formation is rather clear, describing and analyzing its changes and formation potential at fine spatial and temporal resolution is still a challenge today. In this study, we briefly summarized and evaluated different approaches that indicate O₃ formation regimes. We identify that atmospheric oxidation capacity (AOC) is a better indicator of photochemical reactions leading to the formation of O₃ and other secondary pollutants. Results show that AOC has a prominent positive relationship to O₃ in the major city clusters in China, with a goodness of fit (R²) up to 0.6. This outcome provides a novel perspective in characterizing O₃ formation and has significant implications for formulating control strategies of secondary pollutants.     

高压空气幕在综掘面防尘中的应用

矿用空气幕的思想来源于民用建筑中的空气幕,高压空气幕以巷道中的压缩空气做气源,与一般空气幕相比,不需要专门的供风风机,不仅解决了供风风机给掘进司机带来的噪音问题,而且使得整套空气幕设备得以简化,减少了对掘进作业的影响；高压空气幕具有较好的隔尘效率,隔尘效率达到49.97％,对保护掘进司机免受粉尘危害具有重要作用.     

加强再生资源回收利用服务江苏经济社会发展

以江苏供销合作社系统为例,回顾了近年来再生资源行业的发展变化,分析了构建再生资源回收利用体系的对策,阐述了加强再生资源回收利用的意义。     

基于支持向量机的煤与瓦斯突出预测研究

为准确预测矿井煤与瓦斯突出的危险性,针对煤与瓦斯突出样本的不足从一定程度上制约了基于知识的方法在煤与瓦斯突出预测中的应用这一问题,利用支持向量机在小样本情况下具有较强识别能力的特点,提出了煤与瓦斯突出的支持向量机预测方法。对煤与瓦斯突出影响因素进行灰关联分析,提取特征向量。选用典型突出矿井的煤与瓦斯突出实例作为学习样本,以云南恩洪煤矿的突出实例作为预测样本,将支持向量机预测结果与其他预测结果进行对比。结果表明支持向量机模型能够满足煤与瓦斯突出预测的要求。     

长江水系氮磷生态化学计量学空间变化特征及影响因素

氮(N)与磷(P)的化学计量学特征反映了N、P在生态系统过程中的耦合关系.当前对于长江水系中全流域N与P摩尔质量比(N:P)的时空衍化规律及其对人类活动的响应机制仍然缺乏科学认知,难以满足长江流域生态保护的治理理论和管理实践需求.根据长江水系水质监测数据和河流水沙数据,从全流域尺度上阐述长江水系N:P的时空分布特征,识...