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101.
Hirai T Fujimine Y Watanabe S Nakano T 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2012,19(8):3538-3546
Brominated flame retardants are components of many plastics and are used in products such as cars, textiles, televisions, and personal computers. Human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants has increased exponentially during the last three decades. Our objective was to measure the body burden and distribution of PBDEs and to determine the concentrations of the predominant PBDE congeners in samples of liver, bile, adipose tissue, and blood obtained from Japanese autopsy cases. Tissues and body fluids obtained from 20 autopsy cases were analyzed. The levels of 25 PBDE congeners, ranging from tri- to hexa-BDEs, were assessed. The geometric means of the sum of the concentrations of PBDE congeners having detection frequencies >50 % (ΣPBDE) in the blood, liver, bile, and adipose tissue were 2.4, 2.6, 1.4, and 4.3 ng/g lipid, respectively. The most abundant congeners were BDE-47 and BDE-153, followed by BDE-100, BDE-99, and BDE-28+33. These concentrations of PBDE congeners were similar to other reports of human exposure in Japan but were notably lower than concentrations than those reported in the USA. Significant positive correlations were observed between the concentrations of predominant congeners and ΣPBDE among the samples analyzed. The ΣPBDE concentration was highest in the adipose tissue, but PBDEs were distributed widely among the tissues and body fluids analyzed. The PBDE levels observed in the present study are similar to those reported in previous studies in Japan and significantly lower than those reported in the USA. 相似文献
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103.
Masanao Nagamori M.I.M. Mowjood Youichi Watanabe Yugo Isobe Tomonori Ishigaki Ken Kawamoto 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2016,66(12):1257-1267
A long-term monitoring of composition of landfill gases in the region with high rainfall was conducted using an argon assay in order to discuss air intrusion into the dump site. Gas samples were taken from vertical gas monitoring pipes installed along transects at two sections (called new and old) of an abandoned waste dump site in Sri Lanka. N2O concentrations varied especially widely, by more than three orders of magnitude (0.046–140 ppmv). The nitrogen/argon ratio of landfill gas was normally higher than that of fresh air, implying that denitrification occurred in the dump site. Argon assays indicate that both N2 and N2O production occurred inside waste and more significantly in the old section. The Ar assay would help for evaluations of N2O emission in developing countries.
Implications: A long-term monitoring of composition of landfill gases in the region with high rainfall was conducted using an argon assay in order to discuss air intrusion into the dump site. Argon assays indicate that both N2 and N2O production occurred inside waste and more significantly in the old section. 相似文献
104.
S. Matsuda M. Takeuchi T. Hishinuma F. Nakajima T. Narita Y. Watanabe 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(4):350-353
The body of Information presented in this paper is directed to those Individuals concerned with the removal of NOx in combustion flue gases. A catalytic process for the selective reduction of nitrogen oxides by ammonia has been investigated. Efforts were made toward the development of catalysts resistant to SOx poisoning. Nitrogen oxides were reduced over various metal oxide catalysts in the presence or absence of SOx(SO2 and SO3). Catalysts consisting of oxides of base metals (for example, Fe2O3) were easily poisoned by SO3, forming sulfates of the base metals. A series of catalysts which are not susceptible to the SOx poisoning has been developed. The catalysts possess a high activity and selectivity over a wide range of temperatures, 250—450°C. The catalysts were tested in a pilot plant which treated a flue gas containing 110-150 ppm NOx, 660-750 ppm SO2, and 40-90 ppm SO3. The pilot plant was operated at 350°C and at a space velocity of 10,000 h-1. The removal of nitrogen oxides was more than 90% for several months. A mechanism of the NO-NH3 reaction has also been investigated. It is found that NO reacts with NH3 at a 1:1 mole ratio in the presence of oxygen and the reaction is completely inhibited by the absence of oxygen. The experimental data show that the NO-NH3 reaction in the presence of oxygen is represented byNO + NH3 + 1/4 O2 = N2 + 3/2 H2O. 相似文献
105.
Previous studies have found that exposure of a cyclic parthenogen, the water flea Daphnia magna (Cladocera, Crustacea), to juvenile hormones and their analogs results in the production of neonates of male sex at concentration-dependent rates. We conducted reproduction experiments in four different species (Moina macrocopa, M. micrura, Ceriodaphnia dubia and C. reticulata) of cladoceran to test for the first time whether the occurrence of this phenomenon after exposure of the parent to such hormones is a generalized phenomenon. In the presence of a juvenile hormone analog, fenoxycarb, all four species produced male neonates and showed reduced rates of reproduction. The estimated median effective concentration (EC50) for the production of male neonates varied with species, ranging from 0.60 x 10(3) to 9.3 x 10(3) ng/l. Although there was a wide range of sensitivity to fenoxycarb, the production of male neonates in all four species demonstrates that this phenomenon is a common response to juvenile hormone analogs and further suggests that these hormones are capable of initiating sexual reproduction in cladocerans, most of which exhibit cyclic parthenogenesis. 相似文献
106.
Parasites are ubiquitous in natural systems and ecosystem-level effects should be proportional to the amount of biomass or energy flow altered by the parasites. Here we quantified the extent to which a manipulative parasite altered the flow of energy through a forest-stream ecosystem. In a Japanese headwater stream, camel crickets and grasshoppers (Orthoptera) were 20 times more likely to enter a stream if infected by a nematomorph parasite (Gordionus spp.), corroborating evidence that nematomorphs manipulate their hosts to seek water where the parasites emerge as free-living adults. Endangered Japanese trout (Salvelinus leucomaenis japonicus) readily ate these infected orthopterans, which due to their abundance, accounted for 60% of the annual energy intake of the trout population. Trout grew fastest in the fall, when nematomorphs were driving energy-rich orthopterans into the stream. When infected orthopterans were available, trout did not eat benthic invertebrates in proportion to their abundance, leading to the potential for cascading, indirect effects through the forest-stream ecosystem. These results provide the first quantitative evidence that a manipulative parasite can dramatically alter the flow of energy through and across ecosystems. 相似文献
107.
de Araujo Leandro Goulart Vieira Ludmila Cabreira Canevesi Rafael Luan Sehn da Silva Edson Antonio Watanabe Tamires de Padua Ferreira Rafael Vicente Marumo Júlio Takehiro 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(30):45221-45229
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The main goal of this study was to assess alternatives to the current challenges on environmental quality and circular economy. The former is here... 相似文献
108.
109.
110.
S. Hirota M. Matsuura H. Masuda A. Ushiyama K. Wake S. Watanabe M. Taki C. Ohkubo 《The Environmentalist》2009,29(2):186-189
A cranial window method modified for our experiment enabled to observe the cerebral microcirculation including the blood-brain
barrier permeability after a local expose to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields with a monopole antenna in rats. The present
report reviews our recent publications that reported no noticeable changes in the cerebral microcirculatory parameters due
to RF-EMF exposure. 相似文献