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91.
Akihiko Masui Satoshi Ikawa Nobuaki Fujiwara Hiroaki Hirai 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2011,19(3):622-627
The influence on soil environment by continuing use of the biodegradable plastic films (biodegradable mulching films) in farmland
was investigated. The difference was not seen in the amount of soil bacteria between mulching film plowing sections and non-plowing
sections. The total bacteria amount did not increase by the effect of plowing the biodegradable mulching film. Poly-(butylene
succinate and adipate) (PBSA) and poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) decomposing bacteria did not increase in PBSA and PCL mulching
film plowing sections comparing polyethylene covering section (PE) and no-film section. Polylactic acid (PLA) decomposing
bacteria were not detected in all sections. Total denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) band patterns did not show
a clear transition of the bacterial community structure in both the cultivating and promoting sections. In usual usage condition
of the biodegradable plastic films, it was hardly influence to the soil environment such as bacterial community structure
in farmland. 相似文献
92.
Taguchi Shigeru Hagiwara Moe Shibata Ayumi Fujinari Hiroaki Matsumoto Sayaka Kuwata Makoto Sazawa Kazuto Hata Noriko Kuramitz Hideki 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(11):13425-13438
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a naturally occurring compound found in ambient air which can induce cancer and sick-building syndrome. It plays an important... 相似文献
93.
Naoyuki Yamashita Hiroaki Tanaka Kiyoshi Miyajima Hiroyuki Tamamoto Norihiro Miyamoto Makoto Yasojima Koya Komori Yutaka Suzuki 《Water environment research》2006,78(12):2330-2334
This study investigated the fate of estrogenic substances in an urban river receiving discharge from wastewater treatment plants (WTPs) by flux calculation, focusing on the middle reaches of the Tama River in Tokyo, which is one of the most urbanized rivers in Japan. The level of estrogenic activity flux was almost negligibly small at the upstream station. The level was considerably raised after inflows from the WTPs and then the level declined in the lower reaches of the river. When contributions of estrogenic substances to estrogenic activity were estimated, estrone (E1) was the primary contributor to the total estrogenic activity in all the sampling stations, followed by estradiol (E2). The contribution of nonylphenol to estrogenic activity was small. The E1 and E2 accounted for approximately 90% or more of estrogenic activity in the Tama River. As for the total fluxes of the estrogenic substances in the study area in the Tama River, the proportion of flux associated with WTP discharge was approximately 100% of the total fluxes, and the effects of the tributaries flowing into the river were almost negligible. When the reduction ratios of estrogenic activity were calculated by the flux, the ratios were found to increase toward the lower reaches of the river. Similar changes were observed for E1. Meanwhile, the change of reduction ratios for E2 was different from that observed for estrogenic activity. 相似文献
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98.
Huimin Wang Nobuko Saigusa Susumu Yamamoto Hiroaki Kondo Takashi Hirano Atsushi Toriyama Yasumi Fujinuma 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2004,38(40):7021-7032
Larch forests are distributed extensively in the east Eurasian continent and are expected to play a significant role in the terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycling process. In view of the fact that studies on carbon exchange for this important biome have been very limited, we have initiated a long-term flux observation in a larch forest ecosystem in Hokkaido in northern Japan since 2000. The net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE) showed large seasonal and diurnal variation. Generally, the larch forest ecosystem released CO2 in nighttime and assimilated CO2 in daytime during the growing season from May to October. The ecosystem started to become a net carbon sink in May, reaching a maximum carbon uptake as high as 186 g C m−2 month−1 in June. With the yellowing, senescing and leaf fall, the ecosystem turned into a carbon source in November. During the non-growing season, the larch forest ecosystem became a net source of CO2, releasing an average of 16.7 g C m−2 month−1. Overall, the ecosystem sequestered 141–240 g C m−2 yr−1 in 2001. The NEE was significantly influenced by environmental factors. Respiration of the ecosystem, for example, was exponentially dependent on air temperature, while photosynthesis was related to the incident PAR in a manner consistent with the Michaelis–Menten model. Although the vapor pressure deficit (VPD) was scarcely higher than 15 hPa, the CO2 uptake rate was also depressed when VPD surpassed 10 hPa. 相似文献
99.
Keita Kodama Hiroaki Shiraishi Masatoshi Morita Toshihiro Horiguchi 《Marine Biology》2006,150(1):131-140
To verify the lipofuscin-based age estimation of crustaceans of unknown age from wild populations, we conducted a modal analysis of lipofuscin-concentration histograms in the stomatopod Oratosquilla oratoria seasonally collected from Tokyo Bay, Japan. Confocal microscopy and subsequent image analysis were used to quantify lipofuscin concentrations in the protocerebral bridge cell mass in the brain. Conventional body length frequency analysis failed to detect modes corresponding to ≥1 year old. In contrast, four or five distinct modes were found in the lipofuscin-concentration histograms, in which modes could be readily traced across months, suggesting that each mode represented an independent age group. The lipofuscin accumulation rate fluctuated seasonally: it was high in summer (June–July) and low in winter (December–January). Cross-correlation analysis showed that the highest instantaneous lipofuscin accumulation rate was achieved in early summer before maximum bottom temperatures were reached and when the temperature was increasing most rapidly. Our findings support the usefulness of lipofuscin concentration analysis in age estimation in wild crustacean populations. 相似文献
100.
Hiroshi Takahashi Hiroaki Naoe Yasuhito Igarashi Yayoi Inomata Nobuo Sugimoto 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2010,44(36):4638-4644
As a part of the effort to understand the structure of long-range transported aerosol plumes and local pollution, aerosol observations monitored the mass concentrations and number-size distributions during the period August 2006 to July 2009 near the top of Mt. Haruna (1365 m), an isolated mountain in the Kanto Plain in Japan. The mass concentrations observed at Mt. Haruna and plain sites showed a seasonal variation with a maximum in spring and summer, respectively. The spring peaks in aerosols at Mt. Haruna were probably caused by long-range transport of mineral dust and anthropogenic particles from the Asian continent. The summer peaks at the plain sites was attributed to local pollution from the Tokyo metropolitan area. Three examples of 2007 Asian dust events were investigated to show that aerosols may be dispersed in a complicated three-dimensional structure and that delayed arrivals of the dust plumes at plain sites compared to Mt. Haruna were not a rare case. Because of the boundary layer being stable at night, the dust layer was advected eastward without the vertical mixing before sunrise. This study suggests that after thermal convection activated by sunlight during daytime Asian dust transported in the free troposphere may be brought down into the atmospheric boundary layer, increasing the dust concentration there. 相似文献