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991.
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土地综合承载力指标体系设计及评价——中国东部沿海地区案例研究 总被引:67,自引:0,他引:67
论文在对土地承载力进行简要回顾的基础上 ,构建了一套适合于东部沿海地区的区域土地承载力综合评价指标体系 ,并运用均方差权数决策法 ,将该区土地承载力划分为3种类型区 ,即 :低承载力区、中等承载力区、高承载力区 ,分别代表土地承载力演替从低层次的均衡发展阶段较高层次的不均衡发展阶段高层次的系统协调均衡发展阶段。 相似文献
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LAS对土壤中多环芳烃吸附行为的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
研究了阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)对PAHs在士壤中吸附行为的影响。结果表明,LAS改变了PAHs在土水体系中的吸附/解吸平衡,吸附态LAS可提高土壤对PAHs的吸附,而溶解态LAS则增加了PAHs的表观溶解度,这2种作用的综合结果改变了PAHs在土水体系中的吸附系数。凶此,文中用表观吸附系数来描述PAHs在土壤-水-LAS体系中的综合吸附行为。 相似文献
996.
Decolorization of mono-azo dyes in wastewater by advanced oxidation process: A case study of acid red 1 and acid yellow 23 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) have been used as emerging wastewater treatment technologies which can effectively handle various hazardous organics in wastewater and groundwater. The photooxidation of two non-biodegradable azo dyes, acid red 1 and acid yellow 23, were studied in an UV/hydrogen peroxide photochemical reactor with a 5 kW low pressure mercury lamp. It was observed that the decomposition of both azo dyes were pseudo-first order reactions with respect to the azo dye concentrations. Simultaneously, the effects of hydrogen peroxide dosage, pH, initial concentration of the azo dyes and intensity of UV light were also studied. Moreover, the time required for the 50% removal of azo dyes and observed pseudo-first order rate constants were used as parameters to show the efficiency of azo dye treatment. 相似文献
997.
可渗透反应墙法是 2 0世纪 90年代新兴的一种地下水污染原位处理方法 ,该方法目前在欧美已开始进入广泛的工程应用阶段。该方法与早期的一些处理方法相比 ,具有能持续原位处理、处理组分多、价格相对便宜等特点。本文系统介绍了该处理方法的基本原理、系统的结构构造和类型、处理机理和反应材料以及设计与施工等 ,为在我国开展该方法的研究和应用打下基础。 相似文献
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Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment reference materials by microwave-assisted extraction 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
The microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from harbor sediment reference material EC-1, marine sediment reference material HS-2 and PAH-spiked river bed soil was conducted. The extraction conditions for EC-1 were carried out at 70 degrees C and 100 degrees C under pressure in closed vessels with cyclohexane acetone (1:1), cyclohexane-water (3:1), hexane acetone (1:1), and hexane-water (3:1) for 10 min. A comparison between MAE and a 16-h Soxhlet extraction (SX) method showed that both techniques gave comparable results with certified values. MAE has advantages over the currently used Soxhlet technique due to a faster extraction time and lower quantity of solvent used. The consumption of organic solvent of the microwave method was less than one-tenth compared to Soxhlet. 相似文献
999.
Chang MC Shu HY Hsieh WP Wang MC 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2005,55(8):1200-1207
The sites contaminated with recalcitrant organic compounds, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) with multiple benzene rings, are colossal and ubiquitous environmental problems. They are relatively nonbiodegradable and mutagenic, and 16 of them are listed in the U.S. Environment Protection Agency priority pollutants. Thus, the efficient and emerging remediation technologies for removal of PAHs in contaminated sites have to be uncovered urgently. In this decade, the zero-valent iron (ZVI) particles have been used successfully in the laboratory, pilot, and field, such as degradation of chlorinated hydrocarbons and remediation of the other pollutants. Nevertheless, as far as we know, little research has investigated for soil remediation; this study used nanoscale ZVI particles to remove pyrene in the soil. The experimental variables were determined, including reaction time, iron particle size, and dosage. From the results, both the micro- and nanoscales of ZVI were capable of removing the target compound in soil, but the higher removal efficiencies were by nanoscale ZVI because of the massive specific surface area. The optimal operating conditions to attain the best removal efficiency of pyrene were obtained while adding nanoscale ZVI 0.1 g/g soil within 60 min and 150 rpm of mixing. Thus, nanoscale ZVI has proved to be a promising remedy for PAH-contaminated soil in this study, as well as an optimistically predictable application for additional pilot and field studies. 相似文献
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