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11.
The speciation and extent of migration of adsorbed Pb and Cd in natural surface coatings (NSCs) were investigated using sequential extraction procedure to provide an understanding of distribution of the adsorbed Pb and Cd. Extractions were conducted on NSCs before and after Pb and Cd adsorption treatment under controlled laboratory conditions with initial Pb and Cd concentrations ranging from 0.2-2.5 mol/l. The Langmuir adsorption isotherms were applied to estimate equilibrium coefficients of Pb and Cd adsorption to NSCs components. The results showed that 58.50% of adsorbed Pb in average existed in tightly adsorbed form, and the remaining Pb was mostly present as solid oxides/hydroxides (34.00%) and exchangeable and soluble form (7.50%) in NSCs, respectively. Large amount of adsorbed Cd (70.51% in average) was present in exchangeable and soluble form, following a decreasing order in tightly adsorbed form (18.61%), solid oxides/hydroxides (9.87%), and easily oxidizable solids/compounds (1.01%), respectively. No Cd was found in strongly held oxides and precipitates. Compared to the distribution of adsorbed Pb in NSCs, Cd distribution showed that less migration of Cd from exchangeable and soluble form to solid oxides/hydroxides after adsorbed to NSCs, indicating fewer sites for Cd to adsorb to NSCs and less affinity of Cd to the NSCs. These percent distributions of metals provided an additional interpretation to that Pb adsorption to the NSCs greater than that of Cd, less retention of Cd than that of Pb and less roles attributed for Pb/Cd adsorption by organic materials in NSCs, which were observed based on the selective extraction techniques in the independent investigations. 相似文献
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Cu and Zn adsorption onto non-residual and residual components in the natural surface coatings samples (NSCSs) in the Songhua River, China 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Natural surface coatings samples (NSCSs) from the surface of river shingles were employed to investigate the roles of non-residual and residual components of the NSCSs in controlling Cu and Zn adsorption via the selective extraction techniques and statistical analysis. The results indicate that the greatest contribution to metals adsorption on a molar basis was from Mn oxides in the non-residual fraction. Metals adsorption capacities of Mn oxides exceeded those of Fe oxides by one order of magnitude, fewer roles were found attributing to adsorption by organic materials (OM), and the estimated contribution of the residual fraction to metals adsorption was insignificant. These results implied that Mn oxides were the most important component in controlling heavy metals in aquatic environments. Experiments with Cu and Zn adsorption measured together showed that Cu severely interfered with Zn adsorption to the NSCSs and vice versa under the conditions of the two coexisted ions adsorption. 相似文献
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Adsorption of Pb and Cd in the presence and absence of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) on natural surface coatings (NSCs), which were collected in the Nanhu Lake in Changchun, China, was measured in order to investigate the effect of the OCPs on the adsorption of heavy metals on the NSCs. Adsorption of Pb/Cd was carried out under controlled laboratory conditions (mineral salt solution with defined species, ionic strength 0.05 mol/l, 25 degrees C and pH 6.0) with initial Pb and Cd concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 2.5 mol/l. The classical Langmuir adsorption isotherm was applied to estimate the equilibrium coefficients of the adsorption of Pb and Cd on the NSCs. Adsorption interference between Pb/Cd and the OCPs on the NSCs indicated that the adsorption of Pb/Cd on the NSCs was influenced by the OCPs, and competitive adsorption between Pb and the OCPs was observed while adsorption of Cd was enhanced by addition of the OCPs. Adsorption data fit the Langmuir isotherm well for the NSCs treated with the OCPs at different equilibrium concentrations. The results showed that the amount of adsorbed Pb decreased by more than 40% while the amount of adsorbed Cd increased by over 60% with an increase in the initial concentrations of the OCPs ranging from 0 to 5.0 microg/l and that adsorption of Pb/Cd on the NSCs was strongly affected by the OCPs. This preliminary study highlights the importance of the OCPs on the NSCs in controlling the transport, fate, biogeochemistry, bioavailability and toxicity of trace metals in aquatic environments. 相似文献
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Li Tengya Cao Xiaocong He Shuhai Zhang Mingshan Xu Wenshuai Xiong Zengheng Liang Yan Wang Chenye Chen Biaojuan 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(30):37444-37454
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - A high-efficient method for determining the total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) was established by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection,... 相似文献
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本文以抚顺矸石山立地条件下树龄为10年的刺槐Robinia pseudoacacia L.、火炬Rhus typhina Nutt、白榆Ulmus pumila L.、沙棘Hippophae rhamnoides L.林以及植被自然恢复裸地(CK)5种植被恢复模式为研究对象,按土壤发生学层次进行采样,对土壤有机质、碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、pH、过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶和脲酶等指标进行研究,结果表明:与CK相比,4种造林模式显著提高了Ah层的土壤有机质和养分含量,其中,有机质、有效磷改良效果最好的是白榆模式,分别增加了194.8%、442.9%;速效钾改良效果最好的是刺槐模式,增加了262.0%;碱解氮则是火炬模式改良效果最好,增加了509.2%。不同造林模式与CK相比增加了各层次的过氧化氢酶、脲酶、蔗糖酶活性,其中,蔗糖酶和过氧化氢酶活性Ah层最大的是火炬模式,增加了134.5%和880.9%;脲酶酶活性最大的是白榆模式,增加了119.1%。从垂直角度看,有机质、碱解氮、过氧化氢酶、脲酶随土层加深含量降低,在C层达到最小值,而速效钾、有效磷、蔗糖酶的最小值则出现在AC层;不同模式对土壤pH影响不一,垂直规律不明显。 相似文献
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以异丙醇为溶剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,甲基丙烯酸(MAA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)和苯乙烯(St)为混合单体,通过溶液聚合的方法制备一种含油污泥清洗剂.介绍了该清洗剂的制备方法,考察了单体用量及清洗条件对清洗剂脱油性能的影响,探讨了清洗剂对含油污泥中原油不同组分的去除效率,并用红外光谱证实了所制备共聚物结构的官能团.清洗剂性能评价表明:单体用量和清洗条件均有最佳值,其中单体最佳质量比为MAA:BA:St=21:62:17,最佳清洗条件分别是:加药浓度为250 mg/L,水洗温度为60℃,反应时间为40 min;清洗剂对含油污泥中芳烃去除率最高,达93.0%. 相似文献
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建立了液液萃取—超高效液相色谱—三重四级杆质谱技术,测定地表水中19种磺胺类药物。通过乙酸乙酯超声萃取水样中的磺胺类药物,并用0.1%(体积分数)甲酸水溶液-甲醇作为流动相,C18色谱柱分离,在多反应监测(MRM)模式下测定。优化了萃取剂种类和用量、超声时间、流动相的组成等条件。在优化条件下,19种磺胺类药物在0.1~40.0μg/L范围内线性良好且相关系数均大于0.999 0,方法检出限为0.02~0.80ng/L,平均回收率为73.5%~92.8%,相对标准偏差为1.2%~8.7%。该方法操作简单、灵敏度高、所需样品及有机溶剂少,适用于实际的分析检验工作。 相似文献