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671.
Patricia Brierley Newell 《Journal of environmental psychology》1998,18(4):357-371
As a further step in developing a systems model of privacy, variables involved in the process of achieving a condition of privacy were examined cross-culturally. Subjects were students from Ireland, Senegal and the United States. Striking commonalities were found in the reasons why subjects required privacy, the affect that was associated with a desire for privacy, the definition of privacy as a condition of the person, the duration of the average privacy experience and the change in affect at the completion of the experience which supported the suggestion that privacy has a therapeutic effect. Within culture, variability was associated with age, gender and in the case of Senegal, with income. Between culture, variability was hardly noticeable. The majority of the subjects in each culture believed that not being disturbed was the most important element of privacy and grief, fatigue and need to focus were the main affective sets associated with seeking privacy. It is believed that several universals have been identified which may be used in later research, and that the study supports a systems-based model of privacy. 相似文献
672.
Patricia Miretzky Carolina Muñoz Alejandro Carrillo-Chávez 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2007,5(3):131-136
The Pb (II) adsorption/desorption mechanism onto a natural sandy loam soil was studied by batch experiments at different pHs
(3.0, 4.5, 6.0), at different ionic strength (0, 0.02 and 0.1 M) and with different electrolytes solutions of NaCl, NaAcO
and NaNO3. Pb was strongly adsorbed onto the soil due to the formation of a mix of inner-sphere and outer-sphere complexes. Experimental
adsorption data fitted Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms. The desorption results with 0.1 M Mg (NO3)2 and 0.1 M NaAcO solutions corroborated the mechanisms proposed. The strong binding of Pb (II) to high affinity sites on soil
minerals seems to be responsible for the extent of hysteresis. The sandy loam soil under study thus constitutes a natural
control for Pb contamination. 相似文献
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Mirna H. R. Seleghim Simone P. de Lira Patrícia T. Campana Roberto G. S. Berlinck Marcio R. Custódio 《Marine Biology》2007,150(5):967-975
Ascidians are a notable source of nitrogen-bearing secondary metabolites with a wide range of biological activities. Although
many biologically active compounds have been isolated from ascidians, it is often unclear whether the animal or associated
microbial symbionts such as bacteria or fungi are the true biosynthetic source of the metabolites. We have addressed the question
of the biosynthetic source of the alkaloids granulatimide and isogranulatimides by localizing these compounds within the ascidian.
In this work, we demonstrate that granulatimide is stored in Didemnum
granulatum tunic bladder cells. Analysis by confocal fluorescence microscopy at the granulatimide emission range indicated the presence
of fluorescent cells as highly vacuolated cells found dispersed in the ascidian tunic. Since this is the most exposed ascidian
tissue, it is possible that these alkaloids may have a protective role, either as sunscreens and/or as feeding deterrents. 相似文献
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Patricia L. Jones Michael J. Ryan Rachel A. Page 《Behavioral ecology and sociobiology》2014,68(4):605-615
The fringe-lipped bat, Trachops cirrhosus, is an eavesdropping predator that hunts frogs and katydids by approaching these preys' sexual advertisement calls. In captivity, bats can rapidly learn to associate novel acoustic stimuli with food rewards. It is unknown how this learning ability is related to foraging behavior in the wild where prey and the calls that identify them vary over space and time. In two bat populations that differ in available prey species (Soberanía, Panama, and La Selva, Costa Rica), we presented wild-caught bats with frog calls, katydid calls, and control stimuli. Bats in Soberanía were significantly more responsive to complex calls and choruses of the túngara frog, Physalaemus pustulosus, than were bats in La Selva. La Selva bats were significantly more responsive to katydid calls (Steirodon sp.) than Soberanía bats. We also examined seasonal variation in bat response to prey cues. Bats were captured in Soberanía in dry and wet seasons and presented with the calls of a dry season breeding frog (Smilisca sila), a wet season breeding frog (P. pustulosus), and four katydid species. Bats captured in the dry season were significantly more responsive to the calls of S. sila than bats captured in the wet season, but there were no seasonal differences in response to the calls of P. pustulosus or the katydid calls. We demonstrate plasticity in the foraging behavior of this eavesdropping predator but also show that response to prey cues is not predicted solely by prey availability. 相似文献
680.
Specchiulli Antonietta Scirocco Tommaso D’Adamo Raffaele Cilenti Lucrezia Fabbrocini Adele Cassin Daniele Penna Pierluigi Renzi Monia Bastianoni Simone 《Journal of Coastal Conservation》2016,20(5):363-374
Phytoplankton and benthic vegetation biomass undergoes spatial-temporal changes in relation to their life cycle, but also to meteorological conditions, physical-chemical variables, organic input and internal dynamism. The main aim of this work was to observe the effect of all environmental variables on the vegetative dynamic process in a protected zone of a Mediterranean costal lagoon (Lesina lagoon, SE Italy). Seven samplings were performed from 2010 to 2012 at 30 sites for nutrient and chlorophyll analyses, while TOC measurements and wet biomass evaluation were performed at 10 sites. Temperature, salinity and oxygen saturation were also measured by multiparametric probe and a visual census for vegetation was performed. Sites close to freshwater inflow were characterized by lower temperature and salinity, and high nitrate, with maxima of 191.05 μM in May 2010 and more than 250 μM in October 2010. Silicates drastically decreased from May 2010 (87.57 μM) to July 2010 (6.15 μM) and increased again in October (74.99 μM). Chl a concentrations were not on average higher than 6 mg m?3, but peaks of 20 mg m?3 were observed during May 2011 and May 2012. Benthic vegetation wet biomass collected in 2010 was approximately twice that collected in 2012, with a maximum of 27,554 g m?2 and a dominance of macroalgae (70 % in May 2010 and 40 % in August 2010). During period 2010, a simultaneous and drastic decreasing of both mean values of wet biomass and chl a was observed from May to October 2010. During period 2012 a shift of vegetation biomass was shown from May (phytoplankton prevalence) to August 2012, with angiosperm prevalence (more than 30 %). 相似文献