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231.
232.
将SO2 排放源分成电厂、工业、供热及民用4 类燃煤源,分别选择不同的指标,综合分析各污染源的SO2 排放绩效水平,结合当地的环境质量状况、发展规划、国家和地方的有关产业政策和环境保护政策以及不同行业类型排放源的生产特点和排污水平,设定各类燃煤源应达到的排放绩效标准,利用ISC3 环境空气质量模型,基于基准排放因子及环境综合调节系数,确定各污染源的最终允许排放量.以天津市为例,电厂燃煤源、供热污染源、工业燃煤源的SO2 年允许排放量分别为1.25×105,1.24×104,4.12×104t,削减率分别为14.4%,25.8%,27.9%. 相似文献
233.
The Influence of pH on Mobility of Heavy Metals from Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Fly Ash 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
Incineration has become one of the principal methods for municipal solid waste disposal particularly in all large cities throughout the world. Currently, the municipal solid waste incinerator fly ashes (MSWIF) are disposed of by landfill. The metal speciation of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in MSWIF after been extracted with water at different pH values were examined using a sequential extraction procedure. The extraction sequence was as follows: (1) Exchangeable (NaOAc, pH 8.2), (2) Bound to Carbonates (NaOAc, pH 5.0), (3) Bound to metal oxides (HONH3Cl), (4) Bound to organic matters (HNO3, H2O2), and (5) Residual (HNO3, HCl, H2O2, HF, 1:3:1:3). The heavy metal contents in the extraction solutions were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. The heavy metal concentrations in the different fractions obtained by sequential extraction show distinct distribution trends. The extractable fraction ranges from 25.5 to 88% of the total element content. With the pH of the extractant fall below the neutral and acidic ranges, the concentrations of heavy metals rise substantially due to the released of metals bound to carbonate fraction. 相似文献
234.
厌氧生物技术能在无氧条件下,通过厌氧微生物的新陈代谢将废水中的有机物转化为无机物,同时产生具有能源回收价值的甲烷,并减少温室气体(CO2)的排放,符合节能环保的原则和发展趋势.在回顾厌氧技术以及厌氧反应器发展的基础上,从现代厌氧反应器的发展理念角度分析了新型厌氧反应器-降流式厌氧悬浮填料床(DASB)的工艺特性.降流式厌氧悬浮填料床在生物量的保持、微生物的多级多相和推流流态等方面较好地符合了新型现代厌氧反应器的发展要求,结构、运行简单,具有较好的处理效果,是中国农村污水处理或预处理的较佳选择. 相似文献
235.
Seasonal variation on size distribution and concentration of PAHs in Guangzhou city, China 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Size distribution aerosol samples were collected at an urban location of Guangzhou in four seasons of 2003-2004 by a MOUDI (Micro-orifice Uniform Deposit Impactor). The particle loading (PM10: 80-397 microg m(-3)) was comparable with some other Asia cities; however, much higher than that of Western Europe and North America. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were measured by gas chromatography with mass selective detector (GC-MS). Seasonal effects on the size distribution of PAHs are presented. Bimode (accumulation and coarse mode) and unimode (accumulation mode) distributions were observed for low-molecule-weight and high-molecule-weight PAHs. A slight shift to larger particles was found for the accumulation mode in autumn and winter, compared with that of spring and summer. One explanation is that the longer aging process of PAHs in autumn and winter would result in volatilization from finer particles followed by condensation onto coarser particles. Another is there was mixing process of local emission with long-range transported aerosol in autumn and winter. The relative higher value of IcdP/(BghiP+IcdP) and lower value of BghiP/BeP in winter also give evidences to the mixing process. The level of PAHs concentration has been much elevated in recent years. This can be attributed to the fast growth of motor vehicle and energy consumption. 相似文献
236.
Nadiah P. Kristensen Wei Wei Seah Kwek Yan Chong Yi Shuen Yeoh Tak Fung Laura M. Berman Hui Zhen Tan Ryan A. Chisholm 《Conservation biology》2020,34(5):1229-1240
Extinction is a key issue in the assessment of global biodiversity. However, many extinction rate measures do not account for species that went extinct before they could be discovered. The highly developed island city–state of Singapore has one of the best-documented tropical floras in the world. This allowed us to estimate the total rate of floristic extinctions in Singapore since 1822 after accounting for sampling effort and crypto extinctions by collating herbaria records. Our database comprised 34,224 specimens from 2076 native species, of which 464 species (22%) were considered nationally extinct. We assumed that undiscovered species had the same annual per-species extinction rates as discovered species and that no undiscovered species remained extant. With classical and Bayesian algorithms, we estimated that 304 (95% confidence interval, 213–414) and 412 (95% credible interval, 313–534) additional species went extinct before they could be discovered, respectively; corresponding total extinction rate estimates were 32% and 35% (range 30–38%). We detected violations of our 2 assumptions that could cause our extinction estimates, particularly the absolute numbers, to be biased downward. Thus, our estimates should be treated as lower bounds. Our results illustrate the possible magnitudes of plant extirpations that can be expected in the tropics as development continues. 相似文献
237.
安全工程学科建设与专业建设 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
分析了目前我国安全工程学科建设和专业建设中存在的问题,提出了我国安全工程学科建设和专业建设的一些设想和看法。 相似文献
238.
239.
YJT塔及其在三苯废气治理中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了一种自行研制的YJT塔组合净化装置及其工艺,并简要阐述了有关注体力学参数,通过某制鞋厂的三苯废气治理表明,用零号柴油作吸收剂,其净化效率较高,经治理排放的废气浓度和排放速率均符合行业标准中的一级标准。 相似文献
240.
1IntroductionCadmiumisoneofimportantenvironmentalpolutants.Itisverytoxictobiology(Barber,1994;Colard,1990;Goyer,1995;Nassiri,... 相似文献