成型膨润土和钛柱撑膨润土对水中Pb2+和氯乙酸吸附及再生

针对水中微量铅离子和氯乙酸的脱除，考察了成型膨润土及成型钛柱撑膨润土的吸附性能，得出对铅离子的吸附，成型膨润土、成型钛柱撑膨润土与粉末状活性炭性能相当，而对氯乙酸的吸附前两者要比粉末状活性炭低好多。确定了成型膨润土吸附氯乙酸后可用沸水煮沸30 min的方法再生，成型钛柱撑膨润土吸附氯乙酸后，可用500℃焙烧3 h的方法再生，再生的膨润土循环使用3次后性能降低明显。此外，还测得了成型的膨润土及成型的钛柱撑膨润土吸附铅离子和氯乙酸的等温线，计算出其对铅的最大吸附量分别为24.33 mg/g和15.47 mg/g。     

膜法处理含油废水研究进展

本文简要概述了微滤、超滤和反渗透等膜法处理含油废水的研究进展。     

石家庄市地面起尘量估算方法

针对解决城市空气颗粒物开放源问题，进行了石家庄市地面起尘量的估算方法研究，提出了将城市土地按下垫面的生态特性划分成不同类型进行城市地面起尘量估算的思想，并应用于石家庄市。同时进行了地面起尘因子与城市空气总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)中扬尘浓度的相关性研究。结果表明，TSP中扬尘浓度与地面起尘因子成准对数关系。     

浅谈互联网对高校思想政治教育工作的影响

本文针对互联网的利弊展开论述,以求在新形势下学生思想政治工作能适应时代要求,更好的为提高学生综合素质而服务.     

城市隧道开挖爆破对古城墙的安全影响研究

南京九华山隧道工程,在城市中建设,周边环境要求高,穿越明代古城墙施工段面临如何确保古城墙安全的问题,是施工的难点之一。通过计算分析确定隧道开挖爆破震动对明古城墙的影响范围,详细介绍了控制围岩沉降、控制爆破振动效应等确保古城墙安全所采用的技术措施;通过所进行的监测工作,证明了所采用技术措施的有效性。对城市隧道工程建设中的环境保护问题具有重要的应用价值。     

Using geoaccumulation index to study source profiles of soil dust in China

Source apportionment studies of TSP(atmospheric particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters≤100μm)and PM10(atmospheric particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters≤10μm)have revealed that soil dust is all important source of these particulates in China In this study, the contamination of soil dust was assessed through the use of a geoaccumulation index(Igeo). The mass concentration profiles ofl7 elements(Na, Mg, AI, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, Ba, andPb)were establishedforurban soil dusts. Geochemical cOmpositions of soils from 15 cities were used to represent background urban soil compositions. The results of this Studv indicated that a number of cities are severely polluted by particulates containing Ca, Cr, Ni, and Cu in both size fractions(TSP and PM10). Contamination with Zn, Pb, Co, and Br was moderate to severe(Igeo>2). The AI and Fe concentrations were not high enough for them to be considered contaminants.     

污水土地处理系统ORP变化特征与COD去除率关系的试验研究

污水土地处理技术具有投资少,运行费用低,处理效果好,以及可实现污水处理的无害化、资源化等特点。用污水土地处理系统来处理生活污水,氧化还原环境是一个重要影响因素,而氧化还原电位的高低可以反映系统氧化水平的高低。本论文设计了一个带有多个通气孔的毛管逆滤渗污水处理装置,并用于处理生活污水。试验按照打开通气孔数量的不同被分为全封闭、半封闭（打开8个）和全打开（打开16个）三组同时进行,探讨开启不同数量通气孔时系统内外柱氧化还原电位（ORP）的变化情况以及ORP与系统COD去除率之间的关系,从而为更科学地设计和控制污水处理系统提供依据。试验结果表明：ORP的变化与系统通气性和COD去除率密切相关;系统通气性越好,COD去除率越高。     

Environmental impact and health risk assessment of volatile organic compound emissions during different seasons in Beijing

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are major contributors to air pollution. Based on the emission characteristics of 99 VOCs that daily measured at 10 am in winter from 15 December 2015 to 17 January 2016 and in summer from 21 July to 25 August 2016 in Beijing, the environmental impact and health risk of VOC were assessed. In the winter polluted days, the secondary organic aerosol formation potential (SOAP) of VOC (199.70 ± 15.05 μg/m³) was significantly higher than that on other days. And aromatics were the primary contributor (98.03%) to the SOAP during the observation period. Additionally, the result of the ozone formation potential (OFP) showed that ethylene contributed the most to OFP in winter (26.00% and 27.64% on the normal and polluted days). In summer, however, acetaldehyde was the primary contributor to OFP (22.00% and 21.61% on the normal and polluted days). Simultaneously, study showed that hazard ratios and lifetime cancer risk values of acrolein, chloroform, benzene, 1,2-dichloroethane, acetaldehyde and 1,3-butadiene exceeded the thresholds established by USEPA, thereby presenting a health risk to the residents. Besides, the ratio of toluene-to-benzene indicated that vehicle exhausts were the main source of VOC pollution in Beijing. The ratio of m-/p-xylene-to-ethylbenzene demonstrated that there were more prominent atmospheric photochemical reactions in summer than that in winter. Finally, according to the potential source contribution function (PSCF) results, compared with local pollution sources, the spread of pollution from long-distance VOCs had a greater impact on Beijing.     

Multiresidue determination and potential risks of emerging pesticides in aquatic products from Northeast China by LC–MS/MS

A simple method for determining 33 pesticides with a wide polarity range(log Kow0.6-4.5) in aquatic products was developed based on LC–MS/MS. The target analytes included three types of widely used pesticides: insecticides, fungicides and herbicides. Based on the optimization of ultrasonic assisted extraction and GPC clean-up procedures, the matrix effect, extraction recoveries and LOD were improved distinctively. LOQ of this method was below 0.5 ng/g for all pesticides, which is superior to values in the literature, and the matrix effect was reduced effectively(-14.7% to 7.5%). The method was successfully applied to investigate the pesticide residue levels of twenty-five samples including seven common kinds of fishes from Northeast China. The results showed that all targeted pesticides were present in the fish samples; however, their levels were low, except for atrazine, linuron,ethoprophos, tetrachlorvinphos, acetochlor and fenthion. Atrazine and linuron caught our attention because the concentrations of atrazine in fish samples from Liaoning province were in the range of 0.5-8 ng/g(w/w) with mean concentration of 2.3 ng/g, which were far above those of other pesticides. The levels of linuron were in the range of 0.6-6 ng/g(mean concentration 2.8 ng/g), which were the highest among all targeted pesticides in the Inner Mongolia. This is the first systematic investigation on the characteristics and levels of these pesticides in aquatic products from northeast China. Considering their toxicity and bioaccumulation, the potential risk of atrazine and linuron from consuming aquatic products should be paid more attention.     

Effects of tourmaline on nitrogen removal performance and biofilm structures in the sequencing batch biofilm reactor

The effects of tourmaline on nitrogen removal performance and biofilm structures were comparatively investigated in two identical laboratory-scale sequencing batch biofilm reactors(SBBRs)(denoted SBBR1 and SBBR2) at different nitrogen loading rates(NLRs) varying from(0.24 ± 0.01) to(1.26 ± 0.02) g N/(L·day). SBBR1 was operated in parallel with SBBR2, but SBBR1 was filled with polyurethane foam loaded tourmaline(TPU) carriers and another(SBBR2) filled with polyurethane foam(PU) carriers. Results obtained from this study showed that the excellent and stable performance of SBBR1 was obtained. Ammonia nitrogen removal and total nitrogen removal were higher in SBBR1 than that in SBBR2 with increase of NLR. At an NLR of(0.24 ± 0.01) g N/(L·day), the majority of the spherical and elliptical bacteria were surrounded by the extracellular polymeric substance(EPS) and bacillus or filamentous bacteria in two SBBRs biofilms. When NLR increased to(1.26 ± 0.02) g N/(L·day), the clusters were more obvious in the SBBR1 biofilm than that in the SBBR2 biofilm. Bacteria in SBBR1 were inclined to synthesis more EPS, and the formed EPS could protect the bacteria from free ammonia(FA) under extreme condition NLR(1.26 ± 0.02) g N/(L·day). The results of polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis showed that the microbial community similarity in SBBR2 decreased more obviously than that in SBBR1 with the increase of NLR, which the microbial community in SBBR1 was relatively stable.