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881.
溴氰菊酯对大鼠肝微粒体酶的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本实验研究了溴氰菊酯对雄性大鼠肝微粒体苯胺羟化酶活力和细胞色素P-450含量的影响。结果发现溴氰菊酯在动物体内能降低苯胺羟化酶活力(23.80%)和细胞色素P-450含量(21.18%)。该效应与微粒体脂质过氧化反应无关,亦与肝细胞破坏或内质网膜通透性的改变无关。溴氰菊酯本身对肝微粒体酶并不呈现抑制作用,当用肝微粒体酶诱导剂苯巴比妥诱导肝微粒体酶后,溴氰菊酯降低微粒体酶活性的效应消失。这表明溴氰菊酯降低肝微粒体酶的作用可能与其干扰肝微粒体酶蛋白的合成有关。 相似文献
882.
Xiaolong Li Congcong Ding Jiali Liao Liang Du Qun Sun Jijun Yang Yuanyou Yang Dong Zhang Jun Tang Ning Liu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2016,28(3):162-171
The biosorption mechanisms of uranium on an aerobic bacterial strain Streptomyces sporoverrucosus dwc-3, isolated from a potential disposal site for (ultra-)low uraniferous radioactive waste in Southwest China, were evaluated by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) and enhanced proton backscattering spectrometry (EPBS). Approximately 60% of total uranium at an initial concentration of 10 mg/L uranium nitrate solution could be absorbed on 100 mg S. sporoverrucosus dwc-3 with an adsorption capacity of more than 3.0 mg/g (wet weight) after 12 hr at room temperature at pH 3.0. The dynamic biosorption process of S. sporoverrucosus dwc-3 for uranyl ions was well described by a pseudo second-order model. S. sporoverrucosus dwc-3 could accumulate uranium on cell walls and within the cell, as revealed by SEM and TEM analysis as well as EDX spectra. XPS and FT-IR analysis further suggested that the absorbed uranium was bound to amino, phosphate and carboxyl groups of the cells. Additionally, PIXE and EPBS results confirmed that ion exchange also contributed to the adsorption process of uranium. 相似文献
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Overview of surface ozone variability in East Asia-North Pacific region during IGAC/APARE(1994—1996) 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
IntroductionDuringthelastdecade ,theEastAsiancontinentalrimregionhasbeencharacterizedbyhighanthropogenicemissionsduetotherapidindustrialization .Airpollutioninthisregionhascreatedmuchattentiontothescientistsovertheworld(Kato,1992 ;Akimoto ,1994a ;Aardenne… 相似文献
888.
西北干旱区水资源开发的水文效应及其利用模式的变化 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
我国西北干旱区主要分布在新疆、青海和甘肃及内蒙西部。这里气候干旱,水资源对干旱区的经济发展有着决定性意义,在干旱区“没有灌溉就没有农业”。水资源不仅影响到农牧业发展,同时也影响到工矿资源开发和城市的发展。水资源既是宝贵的自然资源,也是干旱区自然环境综合体中最活跃的因素之一。水资源开发利用已引起一系列水文效应和生态环境的变化,尤其是干旱区水资源开发中水循环各要素变化是很强烈的,因此研究干旱区的水资源开发的水文效应不仅具有理论意义,也有重要的实践意义。 相似文献
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Mechanism of Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption inhibition on biochar by its aging process 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Biochar exposed in the environment may experience a series of surface changes, which is called biochar aging. In order to study the effects of biochar aging on Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption, we analyzed the surface properties before and after biochar aging with scanning electron microscopy(SEM) coupled to an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer(EDX) and diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy(DRIFTS), and then explored the influence of the aging process on Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption by batch experiments. After the aging process, the oxygen concentration, phenolic hydroxyl groups, aromatic ethers and other oxygen-containing functional groups on the biochar surface increased, while carboxyl groups slightly decreased. Thus, over a range of pH, the cation exchange capacity(CEC) and adsorption capacity of Cu(Ⅱ) on the aged biochar were smaller than those of new biochar,indicating that when biochar is incubated at constant temperature and water holding capacity in the dark, the aging process may inhibit Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption. Meanwhile, the dissociation characteristics of oxygen-containing functional groups changed through the aging process, which may be the mechanism by which the biochar aging process inhibits the Cu(Ⅱ) adsorption. Carboxyl groups became more easily dissociated at low pH(3.3–5.0),and the variation of maximum adsorption capability(qm) of Cu(Ⅱ) on the old biochar was enlarged. Phenolic hydroxyl groups increased after the aging, making them and carboxyl groups more difficult to dissociate at high pH(5.0–6.8), and the variation of qmof Cu(Ⅱ) on the aged biochar was reduced. 相似文献