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451.
检测细胞DNA断裂损伤效应的彗星实验法的改良 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解决彗星实验过程中常出现的脱胶、细胞核分离操作繁琐、重复性低等问题,对彗星实验方法进行了改良,初步建立了彗星实验的快速操作流程。结果显示,通过对载玻片进行预处理,可确保凝胶悬挂均匀;采用改良机械法分离的细胞核浓度适中;以0.5%(w/v)涂层琼脂糖作为基层、以1.5%(w/v)低熔点包埋琼脂糖作为叠加层的"双层凝胶法",辅以"推片法"铺胶,操作便捷且不发生脱胶现象;细胞核膜经裂解处理后再进行电泳和荧光观察,彗星图像清晰,杂质少。应用改良后的彗星实验方法,操作简便,耗时更短,实验效果良好,可快速检测出细胞DNA损伤效应。 相似文献
452.
Xi Yang Ping Xie Yunzhen Yu Hong Shen Xuwei Deng Zhimei Ma Peili Wang Min Tao Yuan Niu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015
We conducted an experiment to study the interaction effects of Microcystis aeruginosa and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes on off-flavors in an algae/bacteria co-culture system at three temperatures (24, 28 and 32°C). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was applied to measure off-flavor compounds dimethyl sulfide (DMS), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), 2-methylisoborneol, geosmin (GEO) and β-cyclocitral. During the lag phase of co-cultured M. aeruginosa (first 15 days), P. pseudoalcaligenes significantly increased the production of DMS, DMTS and β-cyclocitral at all three temperatures. In the exponential phase of co-cultured M. aeruginosa (after 15 days), M. aeruginosa became the main factor on off-flavors in the co-culture system, and β-cyclocitral turned to the highest off-flavor compound. These results also indicated that DMS, DMTS and β-cyclocitral were the main off-flavor compounds in our M. aeruginosa/P. pseudoalcaligenes co-culture system. Univariate analysis was applied to investigate the effects of M. aeruginosa and P. pseudoalcaligenes on the production of off-flavors. The results demonstrated that both M. aeruginosa and P. pseudoalcaligenes could increase the production of DMS and DMTS, while β-cyclocitral was mainly determined by M. aeruginosa. Our results also provide some insights into understanding the relationship between cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria. 相似文献
453.
Shortage in phosphorus (P) resources and P wastewater pollution is considered as a serious problem worldwide. The application of modified biochar for P recovery from wastewater and reuse of recovered P as agricultural fertilizer is a preferred process. This work aims to develop a calcium and magnesium loaded biochar (Ca–Mg/biochar) application for P recovery from biogas fermentation liquid. The physico-chemical characterization, adsorption efficiency, adsorption selectivity, and postsorption availability of Ca-Mg/biochar were investigated. The synthesized Ca–Mg/biochar was rich in organic functional groups and in CaO and MgO nanoparticles. With the increase in synthesis temperature, the yield decreased, C content increased, H content decreased, N content remained the same basically, and BET surface area increased. The P adsorption of Ca–Mg/biochar could be accelerated by nano-CaO and nano-MgO particles and reached equilibrium after 360 min. The process was endothermic, spontaneous, and showed an increase in the disorder of the solid–liquid interface. Moreover, it could be fitted by the Freundlich model. The maximum P adsorption amounts were 294.22, 315.33, and 326.63 mg/g. The P adsorption selectivity of Ca–Mg/biochar could not be significantly influenced by the typical pH level of biogas fermentation liquid. The nano-CaO and nano-MgO particles of Ca–Mg/biochar could reduce the negative interaction effects of coexisting ions. The P releasing amounts of postsorption Ca–Mg/biochar were in the order of Ca–Mg/B600 > Ca–Mg/B450 > Ca–Mg/B300. Results revealed that postsorption Ca–Mg/biochar can continually release P and is more suitable for an acid environment. 相似文献
454.
Xi Yang Ping Xie Yunzhen Yu Hong Shen Xuwei Deng Zhimei M Peili Wang Min Tao Yuan Niu 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2015,27(5):38-43
We conducted an experiment to study the interaction effects of Microcystis aeruginosa and Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes on off-flavors in an algae/bacteria co-culture system at three temperatures(24, 28 and 32℃). Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was applied to measure off-flavor compounds dimethyl sulfide(DMS), dimethyl trisulfide(DMTS),2-methylisoborneol, geosmin(GEO) and β-cyclocitral. During the lag phase of co-cultured M. aeruginosa(first 15 days), P. pseudoalcaligenes significantly increased the production of DMS, DMTS and β-cyclocitral at all three temperatures. In the exponential phase of co-cultured M. aeruginosa(after 15 days), M. aeruginosa became the main factor on off-flavors in the co-culture system, and β-cyclocitral turned to the highest off-flavor compound. These results also indicated that DMS, DMTS and β-cyclocitral were the main off-flavor compounds in our M. aeruginosa/P. pseudoalcaligenes co-culture system. Univariate analysis was applied to investigate the effects of M. aeruginosa and P. pseudoalcaligenes on the production of off-flavors. The results demonstrated that both M. aeruginosa and P. pseudoalcaligenes could increase the production of DMS and DMTS, while β-cyclocitral was mainly determined by M. aeruginosa. Our results also provide some insights into understanding the relationship between cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria. 相似文献
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457.
目的验证长寿命高可靠整机产品的可靠性。方法基于RPN数据的可靠性分配方法,得到子系统在各故障模式下的失效率,接着针对导致各故障模式发生的多种应力,研究温度循环、温度驻留、湿度、振动应力下的加速因子,推导出整机加速因子计算公式,并以某典型电子产品加速试验为例,验证该方法的有效性。结果整机加速因子为322.5,比传统方法计算得到的4.78×105更符合实际情况。结论基于可靠性分配的整机加速因子计算方法为整机可靠性验证提供了合理的理论依据。 相似文献
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460.
某农药厂废弃场地土壤中甲拌磷垂向分布特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了解废弃农药厂土壤中甲拌磷的垂向分布特征,在前期表层土壤筛查的基础上,进一步在原甲拌磷生产车间开展了钻孔取样工作,布置了3个钻孔,钻孔深度43.0、41.0和45.0m,根据土壤颜色、岩性、电导率和pH的变化,共采集土壤样品39个,利用高效液相色谱仪对土壤中的甲拌磷进行了定量分析,同时测试了总有机碳、阳离子交换量、土壤粘粒含量、土壤含水率和温度等土壤的理化性质参数。测试结果显示,甲拌磷主要富集在表层土壤中,随着深度的增加,甲拌磷含量逐渐降低。根据相关性分析,土壤中甲拌磷含量和总有机碳含量有着显著的相关性,R分别为0.767、0.893和0.917,这表明土壤总有机碳含量对甲拌磷垂向分布有着非常重要的影响。 相似文献