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871.
Impact of alternative metrics on estimates of extent of occurrence for extinction risk assessment
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Lucas N. Joppa Stuart H. M. Butchart Michael Hoffmann Steve P. Bachman H. Resit Akçakaya Justin F. Moat Monika Böhm Robert A. Holland Adrian Newton Beth Polidoro Adrian Hughes 《Conservation biology》2016,30(2):362-370
In International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List assessments, extent of occurrence (EOO) is a key measure of extinction risk. However, the way assessors estimate EOO from maps of species’ distributions is inconsistent among assessments of different species and among major taxonomic groups. Assessors often estimate EOO from the area of mapped distribution, but these maps often exclude areas that are not habitat in idiosyncratic ways and are not created at the same spatial resolutions. We assessed the impact on extinction risk categories of applying different methods (minimum convex polygon, alpha hull) for estimating EOO for 21,763 species of mammals, birds, and amphibians. Overall, the percentage of threatened species requiring down listing to a lower category of threat (taking into account other Red List criteria under which they qualified) spanned 11–13% for all species combined (14–15% for mammals, 7–8% for birds, and 12–15% for amphibians). These down listings resulted from larger estimates of EOO and depended on the EOO calculation method. Using birds as an example, we found that 14% of threatened and near threatened species could require down listing based on the minimum convex polygon (MCP) approach, an approach that is now recommended by IUCN. Other metrics (such as alpha hull) had marginally smaller impacts. Our results suggest that uniformly applying the MCP approach may lead to a one‐time down listing of hundreds of species but ultimately ensure consistency across assessments and realign the calculation of EOO with the theoretical basis on which the metric was founded. 相似文献
872.
Radhouani H Igrejas G Pinto L Gonçalves A Coelho C Rodrigues J Poeta P 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2011,13(8):2227-2233
Antimicrobial resistance and the mechanisms implicated were studied in 54 enterococci recovered from 57 seagull fecal samples. Almost 78% of the recovered enterococci showed resistance against one or more antibiotics and these isolates were identified to the species level. E. faecium was the most prevalent species (52.4%). High percentages of erythromycin and tetracycline resistances were found among our isolates (95.2%), and lower percentages were identified to other antibiotics. Most of the tetracycline-resistant strains carried the tet(M) and/or tet(L) genes. Genes associated with Tn916/Tn1545 and/or Tn5397 transposons were detected in 45% of tetracycline-resistant isolates. The erm(B) gene was detected in 65% of erythromycin-resistant isolates. The vat(D) and vat(E) genes were present in 5.9% and 11.8% of quinupristin/dalfopristin-resistant isolates, respectively. The ant(6)-Ia gene was identified in 57.1% of streptomycin-resistant isolates. All nine kanamycin-resistant isolates carried the aph(3)'-IIIa gene. The cat(A) gene was found in two chloramphenicol-resistant isolates. Seagulls should be considered a risk species for spreading in the environment antimicrobial resistant enterococci and can serve as a sentinel for antibiotic pressure from the surrounding farm and urban setting. 相似文献
873.
Toraman AR Battal F Ozturk K Akcin B 《International journal of occupational safety and ergonomics》2011,17(4):455-461
Objectives. The purpose of this study was to collect data on self-reported sharps injuries to develop best practices to reduce them. Methods. Data on sharps injuries were collected for the period of January-October 2008 using Adverse Event Notification Forms already in use at Sema Hospital. Results. On average, 0.2% of all self-reported injuries were sharps injuries averaging one injury per month. Housekeeping staff sustained 64% of such injuries, nurses sustained 36% (5 incidents). Outpatient clinics experienced the most injuries at 28%, followed by the Internal Diseases Inpatient Unit with 21% and the Medical Waste Room with 14%. Injuries often occurred during contact with medical waste bags (28%) and while replacing full sharp-boxes (14%). Conclusion. In summary, reducing needle stick injuries is an important component of the occupational and patient safety program at Sema Hospital. The research described in this study allowed the hospital to provide targeted interventions to increase awareness of the risks of needle stick injuries and reduce such injuries. The steps used in the study can be used in any health care organization in the world to design a customized improvement plan to reduce risk and injury. 相似文献
874.
dos Santos Debora Regina Lopes Silva-Sales Marcelle Fumian Tulio Machado Maranhão Adriana Gonçalves Malta Fábio Correia Ferreira Fernando César Pimenta Marcia Maria Miagostovich Marize Pereira 《Food and environmental virology》2023,15(1):21-31
Food and Environmental Virology - This study assessed the sources of contamination of water matrices in a rural area using detection of a host-specific virus (human adenovirus [HAdV], porcine... 相似文献
875.
de Souza Larissa Pinheiro Graça Cátia Alexandra Leça Teixeira Antonio Carlos S. C. Chiavone-Filho Osvaldo 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(19):24057-24066
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The presence of toxic chlorinated compounds in drinking water, generated during the disinfection step in water treatment plants, is of great concern... 相似文献
876.
Eiró Luciana Guimarães Ferreira Maria Karolina Martins Frazão Déborah Ribeiro Aragão Walessa Alana Bragança Souza-Rodrigues Renata Duarte Fagundes Nathalia Carolina Fernandes Maia Lucianne Cople Lima Rafael Rodrigues 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(28):37001-37015
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic and abundant elements in the earth’s crust, which is pointed out that the intoxication caused by it... 相似文献
877.
Yıldırım Seda Yıldırım Durmuş Çağrı Aydın Kenan Erdoğan Fatma 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(39):54766-54780
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aims to test the effects of the number of tourist arrivals and tourism receipts on carbon emissions for the Mediterranean countries. The... 相似文献
878.
Tehubijuluw Hellna Subagyo Riki Yulita Maulil Fatma Nugraha Reva Edra Kusumawati Yuly Bahruji Hasliza Jalil Aishah Abdul Hartati Hartati Prasetyoko Didik 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(28):37354-37370
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Red mud as industrial waste from bauxite was utilized as a precursor for the synthesis of mesoporous ZSM-5. A high concentration of iron oxide in red... 相似文献
879.
Vasseur Paule Masfaraud Jean-François Blaise Christian 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(4):3852-3857
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Ecotoxicology is a discipline resulting from pollution events that harmed human and environmental health by the mid-twentieth century. Environmental... 相似文献
880.
Gustavo Antonio Piazza Haline Depiné Vander Kaufmann Adilson Pinheiro Affonso C. Gonçalves Jr. Marquis Henrique Campos de Oliveira 《环境质量管理》2014,24(2):1-12
Using geographic information system, soil sampling, and statistical analysis to map anthropogenic effects on soil 相似文献