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81.
Fernando Llavador Colomer Enrique Mantilla Iglesias Tatiana Gómez Pérez Andreu Campos-Candel Caterina Coll Lozano 《Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association (1995)》2013,63(8):863-872
A monitoring program based on an indirect method was conducted to assess the approximation of the olfactory impact in several wastewater treatment plants (in the present work, only one is shown). The method uses H2S passive sampling using Palmes-type diffusion tubes impregnated with silver nitrate and fluorometric analysis employing fluorescein mercuric acetate. The analytical procedure was validated in the exposure chamber. Exposure periods of at least 4 days are recommended. The quantification limit of the procedure is 0.61 ppb for a 5-day sampling, which allows the H2S immission (ground concentration) level to be measured within its low odor threshold, from 0.5 to 300 ppb. Experimental results suggest an exposure time greater than 4 days, while recovery efficiency of the procedure, 93.0 ± 1.8%, seems not to depend on the amount of H2S collected by the samplers within their application range. The repeatability, expressed as relative standard deviation, is lower than 7%, which is within the limits normally accepted for this type of sampler. Statistical comparison showed that this procedure and the reference method provide analogous accuracy. The proposed procedure was applied in two experimental campaigns, one intensive and the other extensive, and concentrations within the H2S low odor threshold were quantified at each sampling point. From these results, it can be concluded that the procedure shows good potential for monitoring the olfactory impact around facilities where H2S emissions are dominant.
Implications: Passive samplers are very attractive tools to experimentally tackle a number of air pollution problems, especially those related to odor impact. Their small size and cost permit a denser sampling design and thus a more detailed spatial characterization than other techniques. On the other hand, the large inherent variability in passive sampler measures requires an uncertainty analysis of the chemical species and analytical procedures used. 相似文献
82.
García-Luque E DelValls AT Forja JM Gómez-Parra A 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2007,131(1-3):27-35
Toxic effects of pollutants on marine organisms can be studied both by performing field measurements, and by undertaking laboratory
simulation experiments. Here is described the effect of trace metals Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu on the clam Scrobicularia plana along a salinity gradient simulated in a hypothetical estuary using simulation experiments. The simulator produces a continuous
entry of trace metals into the estuary through injection in the lower salinity tank of the system. The clams were exposed
during two weeks to different concentration of trace metals to assess the bioaccumulation process along a salinity gradient.
Bivalves were analysed for body tissue residue to determine the bioaccumulation factors related to each metal and the salinity
influence was addressed. Differences among tanks were observed as a result of the salinity gradient. In the achieved assays,
the mechanism of bioaccumulation of Zn and Cd in organisms was more efficient at high salinity values. Bioaccumulation factors
for both metals showed a linear increase with the increase of salinity values. It seems that the mechanism of bioaccumulation
of Pb and Cu in organisms was dependent on two simultaneous processes: the proximity to the input point of metals and the
low salinity values. 相似文献
83.
Eduardo Molina Tomás Enrique León Dolors Armenteras 《Environmental geochemistry and health》2014,36(1):117-129
Salt licks are key places for the ecological dynamics of wildlife communities around the world and are locations where animals develop geophagical behaviours. Geophagy is a method for animals to supplement their diets or facilitate their digestive processes and is related to the health of individuals and populations. This study characterises a series of salt licks located in the Colombian Amazon foothills and describes their structural, mineralogical and physicochemical properties, as well as the fauna that visit these locations. The results are analysed in reference to the geological characteristics of the study area and in relation to the role of the salt lick in the nutritional ecology of the Amazonian fauna. Located in the study area are two types of salt licks that are significantly different in composition. These salt licks are located in an area where young geological materials have been exposed. The characteristics of the salt licks supports the hypothesis that they are used to solve nutritional problems that result from herbivorous diets. The clear importance of salt licks in the ecology of several Amazonian animal species emphasises the need to prioritise conservation areas by maximising the complementarities of salt lick sites. 相似文献
84.
85.
Conti Marcelo Enrique Astolfi Maria Luisa Finoia Maria Grazia Massimi Lorenzo Canepari Silvia 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2022,29(24):36057-36074
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In this study, we determined the levels of elements (i.e. As, Be, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, U, and Zn) in bees and edible beehive products (honey, wax,... 相似文献
86.
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88.
Angsumita Pramanick Abhiram Kanneganti Jing Lin Jeslyn Wong Sarah Weiling Li Pooja Sharma Dimri Aniza Puteri Mahyuddin Sailesh Kumar Sebastian Enrique Illanes Jerry Kok Yen Chan Lin Lin Su Arijit Biswas Paul Anantharajah Tambyah Ruby Yun-Ju Huang Citra Nurfarah Zaini Mattar Mahesh Choolani 《黑龙江环境通报》2021,41(8):1018-1035
There are over 50 SARS-CoV-2 candidate vaccines undergoing Phase II and III clinical trials. Several vaccines have been approved by regulatory authorities and rolled out for use in different countries. Due to concerns of potential teratogenicity or adverse effect on maternal physiology, pregnancy has been a specific exclusion criterion for most vaccine trials with only two trials not excluding pregnant women. Thus, other than limited animal studies, gradually emerging development and reproductive toxicity data, and observational data from vaccine registries, there is a paucity of reliable information to guide recommendations for the safe vaccination of pregnant women. Pregnancy is a risk factor for severe COVID-19, especially in women with comorbidities, resulting in increased rates of preterm birth and maternal morbidity. We discuss the major SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, their mechanisms of action, efficacy, safety profile and possible benefits to the maternal-fetal dyad to create a rational approach towards maternal vaccination while anticipating and mitigating vaccine-related complications. Pregnant women with high exposure risks or co-morbidities predisposing to severe COVID-19 infection should be prioritised for vaccination. Those with risk factors for adverse effects should be counselled accordingly. It is essential to support patient autonomy by shared decision-making involving a risk-benefit discussion with the pregnant woman. 相似文献
89.
Rogelio Cruz-Martínez Adolfo Etchegaray Saulo Molina-Giraldo Belen Nieto-Castro Enrique Gil Guevara Joaquin Bustillos Miguel Martínez-Rodríguez Alma Gámez-Varela Daniel Saldivar-Rodríguez Erendira Chávez-González Rodolfo Keller Ricardo Russo Eduardo Yepez-García Fausto Coronel-Cruz Johnatan Torres-Torres Alejandro Rojas-Macedo Daniel Ibarra-Ríos Ricardo Ordorica-Flores Jaime Nieto-Zermeño Manuel Alcocer-Alcocer 《黑龙江环境通报》2019,39(7):519-526
90.
María D. López-Gamero José F. Molina-Azorín Enrique Claver-Cortés 《Journal of Cleaner Production》2010,18(10-11):963-974
This research presents an overview of where the gaps in the literature exist in relation to the link between environmental regulation and proactive environmental management and competitiveness, and incorporates them in a whole model. Different papers have highlighted only partial aspects of these relationships. Specifically, this research evaluates the relationship between managerial perception and the different styles of environmental regulations – command-and-control versus voluntary norms – the mediator role of environmental management in the link between environmental regulations and competitiveness, the effect of competitiveness on financial performance, and the two-way relationship between proactive environmental management and financial performance. Finally, this paper uses statistical evidence to test and estimate causal relationships through a structural equation modelling of 208 firms affected by IPPC law in Spain. There is a lack of systematic statistical evidence on this topic in the literature, which mainly focuses on case studies. The results show that when environmental regulation stems from command-and-control legislation its influence on managerial perception and proactive environmental management is not significant. However, when environmental regulation stems from voluntary norms, its effects are positive. Moreover, investment in proactive environmental management contributes to increasing the competitiveness of the firm. Cost and differentiation competitive advantage have a positive impact on financial performance. Finally, the link between proactive environmental management and financial performance may follow different paths: (1) neither direct nor single, because it can depend on competitive advantage, and (2) direct, because there is a significant two-way relationship between these variables (proactive environmental management influences financial performance and financial performance influences proactive environmental management). 相似文献