排序方式: 共有21条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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Xiao Pengying Ai Shuo Zhou Jing Luo Xiaojing Kang Baowen Feng Li Zhao Tiantao 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2020,27(30):37188-37198
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Production of the greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O) from the completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) process is of growing... 相似文献
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极震区震后泥石流物源特征研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
汶川地震后,极震区产生了大量的崩滑堆积体、震裂岩体及震动松弛覆盖层,极震区震后泥石流物源的产生及汇集方式发生了极大的变化,但缺乏震后特殊条件下动储量的计算方法。在实际调查统计"5·12"极震区安县高川乡多条泥石沟物源的基础上,总结了极震区震后泥石流的形成过程及启动方式。分析得出,震后泥石流物源量与沟域面积、高程放大效应、断层运动方式、地质岩性条件及地形条件等因素有关,其中沟域面积、沟顶高程及沟道与发震断裂的距离为主控影响因子。在此基础上,提出了"地震高程指数放大经验模型";通过多元统计拟合法首次得出了震后泥石流动储量与流域面积、高差的计算关系,并通过地震距离修正得出极震区震后泥石流的动储量计算公式,为震后泥石流动储量估算及工程治理提供参考。 相似文献
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苔藓Lophozia ventricosa挥发油化学成分研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取苔藓Lophozia ventricosa挥发油,用毛细管色谱法对挥发油进行了分析,采用归-化法确定各组分的相对含量,并用GC—MS联用技术对分离的化学成分进行鉴定.经计算机检索并结合文献调研,共鉴定出28个化合物,占挥发油总量的93.3%,其中含1个单萜、23个倍半萜(15个为含氧倍半萜)和1个二萜,主要成分为Maalioxide(45.6%)和Eudesma-4.(15),7(11)-dien-8-one(28.9%).图2表1参12 相似文献
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采用美国国家航空航天局的云-气溶胶激光雷达红外开拓者卫星搭载的正交极化云-气溶胶激光雷达数据产品,包括消光系数、光学厚度、总后向散射系数、体积退偏比和色比,结合地面监测的颗粒物质量浓度,分析上海大气相对湿度小于80%霾发生期间气溶胶光学属性的垂直分布特征和颗粒物质量浓度变化,并与非霾期间进行比较.结果表明:霾期间532 nm和1064 nm消光系数在垂直高度上(海拔:0~10 km)均大于非霾期间,且大多数霾期间颗粒物在整层大气的光学厚度大于非霾期间.在近地面,霾期间大气颗粒物散射能力大于非霾期间.各垂直高度层,霾与非霾期间小粒径和规则气溶胶占主导地位.霾期间近地面大粒径颗粒物在霾期间所占比例大于非霾期间;2.0~4.0 km高度层,霾和非霾期间细颗粒所占比例接近;4.0~10.0 km高度层,霾期间细颗粒气溶胶所占比例大于非霾期间.PM1、PM2.5和PM10质量浓度在霾期间均大于非霾期间,且霾期间细颗粒物所占比例明显增加.颗粒物质量浓度和比值PM1/PM2.5和PM2.5/PM10分别随霾污染程度的加重而升高.冬季颗粒物质量浓度最高,主要来自细颗粒物的贡献;而春季PM10质量浓度高于其它季节. 相似文献
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To accelerate the efficiency of methane biodegradation in landfills,a Gram-negative,rod-shaped,non-motile,non-spore-forming bacterium,JTA1,which can utilize methane as well as acetate,was isolated from the Laogang MSW landfills,Shanghai,China.Strain JTA1 was a member of genus Methylocystis on the basis of 16S rRNA and pmoA gene sequence similarity.The maximum specific cell growth rates(μmax=0.042 hr-1,R2=0.995) was derived through Boltzmann simulation,and the apparent half-saturation constants(Km(app)=7.08mmol/L,R2=0.982) was calculated according to Michaelis-Menton hyperbolic model,indicating that Methylocystis strain JTA1 had higher-affinity potential for methane oxidation than other reported methanotrophs.By way of adding the strain JTA1 culture,the methane consumption of aged refuse reached 115mL,almost two times of control experiment.In addition,high tolerance of Methylocystis strain JTA1 to chloroform could facilitate the methane oxidation of aged refuse bio-covers.At the chloroform concentration of 50mg/L,the methane-oxidation rate of bio-cover reached 0.114mL/(day·g),much higher than the highest rate,0.0135mL/(day·g),of reported bio-covers.In conclusion,strain JTA1 opens up a new possibility for environmental biotechnology,such as soil or landfills bioremediation and wastewater decontamination. 相似文献
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CUI Huxiong CHENG Tiantao YU Xingn CHEN Jianmin XU Yongfu FANG Wen 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2009,21(8):1103-1107
The variations of sulfate formation and optical coe cients during SO2 heterogeneous reactions on hematite surface under di erent
SO2 concentrations were examined using in situ di use reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) and ion
chromatograph (IC). Laboratory experiments revealed that within ambient SO2 of 0.51–18.6 ppmv, sulfate product, producing velocity,
absorption and backward scattering coe cients showed an increasing trend with SO2 concentration. Under given SO2 concentration,
the velocity of sulfate producing performed an evolution of initial increasing, midterm decreasing and final stabilizing. The reactive
uptake and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) uptake coe cients of heterogeneous reactions rose with SO2 and exhibited high reactivities.
Considering global warming, this result is important for the knowledge of heterogeneous reactions of SO2 on mineral particle surface
in the atmosphere and the assessment of their impacts on radiative forcing. 相似文献
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Guangyin Zhen Xiaofei Yan Haiyan Zhou Hua Chen Tiantao Zhao Youcai Zhao 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2011,23(7):1225-1232
The high moisture content (80%) in the sewage dewatered sludge is the main obstacle to disposal and recycling. A chemical
dewatering and stabilization/solidification (S/S) alternative for the sludge was developed, using calcined aluminum salts (AS) as
solidifier, and CaCl2, Na2SO4 and CaSO4 as accelerators, to enhance the mechanical compressibility making the landfill operation
possible. The properties of the resultant matrixes were determined in terms of moisture contents, unconfined compressive strength,
products of hydration, and toxicity characteristics. The results showed that AS exhibited a moderate pozzolanic activity, and the mortar
AS0 obtained with 5% AS and 10% CaSO4 of AS by weight presented a moisture contents below 50%–60% and a compressive strength
of (51.32 ± 2.9) kPa after 5–7 days of curing time, meeting the minimum requirement for sanitary landfill. The use of CaSO4 obviously
improved the S/S performance, causing higher strength level. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetrydifferential
scanning calorimetry investigations revealed that a large amount of hydrates (viz., gismondine and CaCO3) were present in
solidified sludge, leading to the depletion of evaporable water and the enhancement of the strength. In addition, the toxicity characteristic
leaching procedure (TCLP) and horizontal vibration (HJ 557-2009) leaching test were conducted to evaluate their environmental
compatibility. It was found that the solidified products conformed to the toxicity characteristic criteria in China and could be safely
disposed of in a sanitary landfill. 相似文献
10.
Particle number concentration, size distribution and chemical composition during haze and photochemical smog episodes in Shanghai 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The aerosol number concentration and size distribution as well as size-resolved particle chemical composition were measured during haze and photochemical smog episodes in Shanghai in 2009. The number of haze days accounted for 43%, of which 30% was severe (visibility 〈 2 km) and moderate (2 km 〈 visibility 〈 3 km) haze, mainly distributed in winter and spring. The mean particle number concentration was about 17,000/cm3 in haze, more than 2 times that in clean days. The greatest increase of particle number concentration was in 0.5-1μm and 1-10 μm size fractions during haze events, about 17.78 times and 8.78 times those of clean days. The largest increase of particle number concentration was within 50-100 nm and 100-200 nm fractions during photochemical smog episodes, about 5.89 times and 4.29 times those of clean days. The particle volume concentration and surface concentration in haze, photochemical smog and clean days were 102, 49, 15 μm3/cm3 and 949, 649, 206 μm2/cm3, respectively. As haze events got more severe, the number concentration of particles smaller than 50 nm decreased, but the particles of 50-200 nm and 0.5-1μm increased. The diurnal variation of particle number concentration showed a bimodal pattern in haze days. All soluble ions were increased during haze events, of which NH4, SO24- and NO3 increased great/y, followed by Na+, IC, Ca2+ and CI-. These ions were very different in size-resolved particles during haze and photochemical smog episodes. 相似文献