生物膜反应器降解生物质气化洗焦废水

陶瓷球作为固定介质 ,接种本实验室保藏的Pseudomonassp1和Pseudomonassp2混合菌种 ,应用生物膜反应器处理生物质气化过程中产生的洗焦废水 ,对反应器运转整个过程的进出水COD浓度、进出水苯、萘、菲、吡啶、喹啉、异喹啉的含量、反应器内和反应器出水含菌量进行测定 ,以了解生物膜反应器处理生物质气化洗焦废水的特性 .结果表明 ,反应器经挂膜、增菌后 ,可达到稳定运转状态 ,有效的控制了反应器内微生物细胞的流失 ,使生物质气化洗焦废水中的有机物得到较好去除 .     

汾酒厂污水处理工程的扩建

因污水量增加,汾酒厂污水处理站于 2 0 0 1年扩建。建成后污水站处理能力达 80 0 0m3 d。扩建部分不仅工艺流程与原系统相同,而且充分挖掘原有构、建筑物的潜力。该处理工艺技术成熟,运行稳定,出水水质优于设计要求     

基于RDBMS的水环境GIS系统集成方法研究

提出了基于关系型数据为（RDBMS，Relational Database Management System)GIS集成方法，分析了此方法与GIS系统总体框架的融合关系，探讨了其集成方式在GIS空间数据、属性数据和模型库存储及管理中的应用，并以开发的一个水环境GIS系统为例作了介绍。展望了将关系理论和对象理论相结合进行GIS集成的方法。     

Determination of methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) in Chinese fuels by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/flame ionization detector

A method was developed to determine the concentration of methyl tert-butyl ether(MTBE) in gasoline,diesel and heating oil by gas chromatography(GC) with mass spectrometry(GC-MS) or flame ionization detection(FID). The diluted gasoline was directly injected into the GC, and the complete separation of MTBE from co-eluting hydrocarbons was not required. GC/MS or GC/FID method can be used to analyze MTBE in different concentration range and have good consistency.     

二维多箱模型预测大气环境方法的研究

采用二维多箱模型对石家庄市区大气污染物ＳＯ２进行了计算,分别计算了４个风向的各子箱污染物浓度,然后按其风向频率加权取和得到平均浓度。把计算结果与地面监测值和１９９４－０１中国环境科学研究院的高空航测值进行了比较分析后发现。多箱模型预测大气环境比单箱模型和其它预测方法产生的误差要小。     

Removal of tetracycline from aqueous solution by a Fe3O4 incorporated PAN electrospun nanofiber mat

Pollution of antibiotics, a type of emerging contaminant, has become an issue of concern, due to their overuse in human and veterinary application, persistence in environment and great potential risk to human and animal health even at trace level. In this work, a novel adsorbent, Fe₃O₄ incorporated polyacrylonitrile nanofiber mat (Fe-NFM), was successfully fabricated via electrospinning and solvothermal method, targeting to remove tetracycline (TC), a typical class of antibiotics, from aqueous solution. Field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy were used to characterize the surface morphology and crystal structure of the Fe-NFM, and demonstrated that Fe-NFM was composed of continuous, randomly distributed uniform nanofibers with surface coating of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. A series of adsorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the removal efficiency of TC by the Fe-NFM. The pseudo-second-order kinetics model fitted better with the experimental data. The highest adsorption capacity was observed at initial solution pH 4 while relative high adsorption performance was obtained from initial solution pH 4 to 10. The adsorption of TC on Fe-NFM was a combination effect of both electrostatic interaction and complexation between TC and Fe-NFM. Freundlich isotherm model could better describe the adsorption isotherm. The maximum adsorption capacity calculated from Langmuir isotherm model was 315.31 mg/g. Compared to conventional nanoparticle adsorbents which have difficulties in downstream separation, the novel nanofiber mat can be simply installed as a modular compartment and easily separated from the aqueous medium, promising its huge potential in drinking and wastewater treatment for micro-pollutant removal.     

我国PM2.5主要组分及健康危害特征研究进展

介绍我国大气PM2.5中的无机元素、水溶性无机离子以及含碳组分的污染特征,对近年来PM2.5与人群健康危害之间关系的研究进行了总结,并对PM2.5污染的健康风险评价进行了综述.     

莱州湾陆海污染源多级监测和评价分析系统

渤海是我国唯一半封闭型内海,是我国近岸海域环境问题最为突出的海区之一。近年来由于国家对渤海环境保护和治理工作不断重视,其水质恶化势头得到遏制,但由于缺乏陆海统筹、部门区域联动的控制机制,制约了减排措施的有效实施。而构建支撑陆海协同监控和评价的信息化和智能化系统是解决该问题的关键措施。本文以莱州湾为典型应用场景,通过构建陆海污染源多级监测和评价分析系统,实现高精度多级陆海联动的入海通量监测评估、污染源解析、海域水质变化和入海排污响应分析等主要功能,进而为阐明渤海水质变化和陆源排污关系,建立污染物入海总量控制技术体系和高效精准的减排方案提供参考决策平台。     

生活垃圾填埋场地下水污染物识别与质量评价

基于现场调研和1991~2014年的相关报道,通过累计污染负荷比法对我国生活垃圾填埋场地下水的主要污染物进行了识别;并通过内梅罗指数法和地下水质量评分法对其地下水质量进行了评价,以期为我国生活垃圾填埋场地下水污染的评价、修复和治理提供依据.结果表明:我国生活垃圾填埋场地下水中已报道检出污染物共计99种,同时还有视觉污染指标2种,其他综合性污染指标6种.其中普遍性污染物主要包括:氨氮、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、高锰酸盐指数、COD、总硬度、氯化物、铁、锰、总大肠菌群、挥发酚等;局部性污染物主要包括:总磷、溶解性总固体、氟化物、硫酸盐、细菌总数、铬(六价)等;点源性污染物主要包括:三氯苯、镉、铅、汞、碘化物等,局部性和点源性污染物地区差异明显.我国生活垃圾填埋场附近地下水质量综合评分F值为7.85,属于极差级别,已受到严重污染.     

Freshwater algae chemotaxonomy by high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis

The study of community composition of algae is essential for understanding the structure and dynamics of the aquatic ecosystem and for evaluating the eutrophic level of the water body. A high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method based on a reversephase C₁₈ nonpolar column was developed for the main algal taxa, which includes cyanophytes, bacillariophytes, euglenophytes, dinophytes, and chlorophytes. Based on the elution order using HPLC, 19 pigments were identified, and they were chlorophyllide a, 19′-butanoyloxyfucoxanthin, chlorophyll c ₁ + c ₂, phephorbides a, peridinin, methyl-chlorophyllide a, fucoxanthin, neoxanthin, violaxanthin, myxoxanthophyll, diadinoxanthin, diatoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, chlorophyll b allomer, chlorophyll b, chlorophyll a allomer, chlorophyll a, and β,β-carotene. A comparison study of cell microscopic counts and accessory pigment analysis indicated that HPLC analysis could be a useful tool for monitoring phytoplankton communities and their abundance.