Dynamic pollution emission prediction method of a combined heat and power system based on the hybrid CNN-LSTM model and attention mechanism

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Combined thermal power (CHP) production mode plays a more important role in energy production, but the impact of its pollutant emission on the natural...     

武汉工业大学水泵房噪声治理

分析了水泵房噪声产生的机理,提出以隔声为主,辅以消声、吸声、绿化等综合治理措施,实现了治理达标目的。     

Farmer's perception and response towards land policy and eco-environment based on participatory rural appraisal: A case study in the Loess hilly area,China

Based on a survey of 107 farm households by means of participatory rural appraisal, this paper presents a region-level analysis of farmer's perception and response towards land policies and eco-environment in the Loess hilly area, China. The surveyed farmers are divided into two groups, farmers on non-irrigated farmland and farmers on irrigated farmland. The results indicate that most farmers mainly depend on cropland, especially the farmers on non-irrigated farmland. Farmers believe that stability and persistence of land policies are important, and most hold a positive attitude towards the Grain-for-Green Programme. The farmers on irrigated farmland have a more favourable attitude to environmental conservation than the farmers of non-irrigated farmland. Nearly 80% of interviewees consider that the local eco-environment has improved in the last ten years. About 45% never consider the environmental impact of their agriculture practices. About 55% think drought is the most important reason for eco-environment deterioration, overgrazing and serious soil erosion. Soil and water conservation is not conscious and voluntary behaviour for farmers, it is only a measure to guarantee their basic agricultural production and to improve their living conditions. Results indicate that farmers on nonirrigated land find engineering approaches more beneficial to agronomic methods. However, the farmers on irrigated farmland pay more attention to improving farmland quality.     

安全统计学的创建及其研究

基于安全科学、系统科学和统计学原理,提出安全统计学定义,并分析其内涵。从统计研究的侧重点、安全系统统计范围、典型行业安全统计、具体统计对象和统计指标等方面构建安全统计学的分支体系,并阐述各分支体系主要研究内容。通过对安全统计学的研究方法和分析方法的比较,得出不同方法的优缺点和适用性。最后,就行业安全统计学、伤亡事故统计学、自然灾害统计学、职业健康安全统计学、安全经济统计学和安全社会统计学进行实践研究,阐述安全统计学的研究内容及发展方向。     

Vertical aerosol data assimilation technology and application based on satellite and ground lidar: A review and outlook

Observations and numerical models are mainly used to investigate the spatiotemporal distribution and vertical structure characteristics of aerosols to understand aerosol pollution and its effects. However, the limitations of observations and the uncertainties of numerical models bias aerosol calculations and predictions. Data assimilation combines observations and numerical models to improve the accuracy of the initial, analytical fields of models and promote the development of atmospheric aerosol pollution research. Numerous studies have been conducted to integrate multi-source data, such as aerosol optical depth and aerosol extinction coefficient profile, into various chemical transport models using various data assimilation algorithms and have achieved good assimilation results. The definition of data assimilation and the main algorithms will be briefly presented, and the progress of aerosol assimilation according to two types of aerosol data, namely, aerosol optical depth and extinction coefficient, will be presented. The application of vertical aerosol data assimilation, as well as the future trends and challenges of aerosol data assimilation, will be further analysed.     

防城河口湾浮游植物群落结构及其与环境因子的关系

2016年5月、8月、11月和2017年2月在防城河口湾海域开展了浮游植物群落和环境调查,研究了河口湾浮游植物群落结构的空间和季节变化及其与主要环境因子的关系。结果表明:全年共记录了浮游植物162种（含变种、变型）,包括硅藻门123种,甲藻门29种,绿藻门6种,金藻门3种,隐藻门1种,其中,春季104种,夏季86种,秋季93种,冬季79种。年均细胞丰度为41.34×104 cells/L,秋季（100.18×104 cells/L）>春季（48.04×104 cells/L）>夏季（16.03×104 cells/L）>冬季（1.11×104 cells/L）,各季节高丰度区的主要分布海域不同。年度优势种是拟弯角毛藻（Chaetoceros pseudocurvisetus）、中肋骨条藻（Skeletonema costatum）和热带骨条藻（Skeletonema tropicum）,中肋骨条藻在春季和夏季、拟弯角毛藻在秋季和冬季为最大优势种。种数变化范围为12～43种,多样性指数（H′）为0.326～3.918,丰富度指数（d）为0.782～3.789,均匀度指数（J）为0.086～0.784。群落优势种的季节更替率为50.0%～88.9%,群落更替指数为55.7%～97.4%,物种迁移指数为?12.2%～19.5%。聚类分析、相似性分析及相似性百分比分析表明浮游植物群落的时空异质性较高。冗余分析显示,春季影响浮游植物群落结构变化的主要因子是盐度, 夏季是氨氮和水深,秋季是总磷,冬季是溶解氧、无机磷、水色和水深。     

Cow dung-derived biochars engineered as antibacterial agents for bacterial decontamination

Disposal of the pollutants arising from farming cattle and other livestock threatens the environment and public safety in diverse ways. Herein, we report on the synthesis of engineered biochars using cow dung as raw material, and investigating these biochars as antibacterial agents for water decontamination. By coating the biochars with N-halamine polymer and loading them with active chlorine (i.e., Cl⁺), we were able to regulate them on demand by tuning the polymer coating and bleaching conditions. The obtained N-halamine-modified biochars were found to be extremely potent against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. We also investigated the possibility of using these N-halamine-modified biochars for bacterial decontamination in real-world applications. Our findings indicated that a homemade filter column packed with N-halamine-modified biochars removed pathogenic bacteria from mining sewage, dairy sewage, domestic sewage, and artificial seawater. This proposed strategy could indicate a new way for utilizing livestock pollutants to create on-demand decontaminants.     

嘉陵江下游江段春季浮游藻类特征及污染现状

2006年春季,通过水质分析和浮游藻类调查,应用污生谱分析法及生物多样性指数法,对嘉陵江下游江段春季浮游藻类特征及污染现状进行了研究。结果发现,该江段共有浮游藻类7门42属85种（包括变种）;优势种群并不单一,以黄藻、绿藻和硅藻占优势,优势种为黄藻门中的黄丝藻,绿藻门中的小球藻和硅藻门中的小环藻。5月份藻类的种类和个数均比4月份有所减少,可能与5月份降雨量比4月份多有关;流速最快的石门大桥具有最低的藻类细胞密度,流速最慢的化龙桥具有较高的藻类细胞密度,说明流速对浮游藻类种类和数量产生一定的影响。嘉陵江下游沿岸一带的氨氮含量都很高,氨氮已经形成全江段水系的主要污染,磷酸盐含量也较高,均超过水体富营养化的氮、磷含量最低限制标准,该江段水质污染较严重。污生谱分析法及生物多样性指数法的评价结果表明,该江段整体污染状况为中度污染,农业和工业污染不容忽视。〖     

催化臭氧氧化降解PCB有机废液及其机理

为了高效、快速治理高浓度难降解PCB(printed circuit board)有机废液,研究了氧化钙非均相催化臭氧氧化降解PCB废液的催化机理和催化性能。采用叔丁醇淬灭自由基实验和水杨酸羟基化实验探究催化机理;通过GC/MS研究了PCB废液中有机物可能降解途径;通过单纯形优化法对实验因素进行优化,并通过XRD和BET探究催化剂的循环稳定性。结果表明：氧化钙非均相催化臭氧氧化过程遵循羟基自由基机理;在pH为12.97、CaO质量为1.0 g、废液深度为11 cm、降解时间为150 min、臭氧用量为120 mg·min⁻¹时,COD去除率可达到90.045%;氧化钙经过5次循环后,废液的COD去除率没有显著降低,从92.78%降低至84.04%。CaO应用于催化臭氧氧化过程处理高浓度且难降解的PCB废液,能维持良好的催化性能和循环稳定性,具有良好的应用前景。