抚顺市TSP污染来源研究及防治对策

通过对抚顺市的TSP污染来源进行分析，得出全市TSP的污染来源贡献率，从而制定污染防治对策。     

利用淡水发光菌评估电化学法处理模拟印染废水的效果

本研究利用新型淡水发光菌作为检测手段，对上种染料在电化学法处理模拟印染不过程中毒性的变化进行监测，结果表明，对工艺过程效果进行评估或对工业废水排放进行控制，仅仅采用化学参数的测试是不够的，应同时采用生物生测试手段。     

四种污染物对大型蚤的毒性效应

硫氰酸钠，二甲基甲酰胺，乙腈和丙烯腈是化工生产中排放的有毒有害污染物，会造成水生生物的急性死亡和慢性中毒，破坏水生态系统的生物多样性和功能。为保护水生态系统，需研究这些污染物对水生物的毒性效应，制定其在水中的允许浓度和排旷标准。本文研究了这四种污染物大型蚤的急性和慢性毒性效应，结果表明硫氰酸钠，二甲基甲酰胺，乙腈和丙烯腈对大型蚤的急性毒性值（４８ｈ＝ＥＣ５０）分别为４．２２ｍｇ／Ｌ，３５６１ｍｇ／     

蓝光对萝卜向光性反应能力的调节

黑暗中培养的萝卜黄化苗在单侧蓝光辐时下的向光性反应比较迟钝。光照预辐射可以改变黄化苗的向光性反应能力，蓝光对向光性反应能力的影响达到显著水平，而红光和远红光的作用不显著；蓝光预辐射０－２ｈ，向光性反应能力按比例增加；１辐射２－１２ｈ，向光性反应能力的增加趋于饱和。蓝光２ｈ诱导增强的向光性反应能力在０－８ｈ的黑暗中可以保持１ｈ，随后便自行逐渐减弱。本文的研究涉及到蓝光对向光性反应能力的调节，在时间上位于向光性诱导及其反应过程之前，反应能力的增强及其在黑暗中的衰减过程均能在实验条件下得到有效的控制，这些结果对进一步筛选与向光性反应能力形成有关的特异蛋白质及ｍＲＮＡ提供了一个可操作的实验体系。     

Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Aerosols and Dustfall in Macao

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), widespread environmental pollutants, have been measured in aerosols and dustfall in Macao. In this paper, we compare concentration distributions and determine the partitioning of PAHs in aerosols and dustfall for different areas, sampling times and sampling heights. The results demonstrate that the concentrations of PAHs in aerosols and dustfall vary at the different sites and heights. The concentrations of PAHs and most of the individual PAHs in aerosols at night were higher than those in the daytime when using the unit of g/g and lower than those when using the unit of g m^-3. It is shown that the distribution of individual PAHs in aerosols differs significantly from that in dustfall.     

Assessment of personal integrated exposure to fine particulate matter of urban residents in Hong Kong

Metropolitan residents are concerned about their exposure to airborne pollutants. But establishing these exposures is challenging. A compact personal exposure kit (PEK) was developed to evaluate personal integrated exposure (PIE) from time-resolved data to particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm (PM_2.5) in five microenvironments, including office, home, commuting, other indoor activities (other than home and office), and outdoor activities experienced both on weekdays and weekends. The study was conducted in Hong Kong. The PEK measured PM_2.5, reported location and several other factors, stored collected data, as well as reported the data back to the investigators using global system for mobile communication (GSM) telemetry. Generally, PM_2.5 concentrations in office microenvironment were found to be the smallest (13.0 μg/m³), whereas the largest PM_2.5 concentration microenvironments were experienced during outdoor activities (54.4 μg/m³). Participants spent more than 85% of their time indoors, including in offices, homes, and other public indoor venues. On average, 42% and 81% of the time were spent in homes, which contributed 52% and 79% of PIE (during weekdays and weekends, respectively), suggesting that improvement of air quality in homes may reduce overall exposures and indicating the need for actions to mitigate possible public health burdens in Hong Kong. This study also found that various indoor/outdoor microenvironments experienced by urban office workers cannot be accurately represented by general urban air quality data reported from the regulatory monitoring. Such personalized air quality information, especially while in transit or in offices and homes, may provide improved information on population exposures to air pollution.

Implications: A newly developed personal exposure kit (PEK) was used to monitor PM_2.5 exposure of metropolitan citizens in their daily life. Different microenvironments and time durations caused various personal integrated exposure (PIE). The stationary monitoring method for PIE was also compared and evaluated with PEK. Positive protection actions can be taken after understanding the major contribution to PM_2.5 exposure.     

偶氮染料结构与其生物降解性关系研究进展

本文阐述了偶氮染料结构－生物降解性定性关系，生物降解机制，并对偶氮染料结构－生物降解性定量关系的有关参数进行了论述。     

生物絮凝剂除浊脱色作用的初步研究

本文报道了产生ＮＡＴ型生物絮凝剂的菌株的培养方法和筛选结果，着重讨论了此类生物絮凝剂对染料水样和非染料水样进行处理过程中ｐＨ值对处理效果的影响。并利用开发出的生物絮凝剂对实际排污河水进行处理，证明生物絮凝剂对悬浮水体的处理效果较好，可用于去除藻类。     

测定苯胺类化合物pH控制范围及调节方法的研究

介绍了NEDA法反应机理及其酸度、pH调节方法对实验结果的影响，叙述了合理调整pH控制范围及改进pH调节方法，可以得到最大灵敏度、最佳分析效果及理想的实验方法。该方法可在化工、纺织、染料、生态、环境保护等相关领域广泛应用。     

北京地区石灰性土壤对锰的吸附

本文研究了北京地区４种类型５个石灰性土壤样品对锰的吸附、及其与土壤各理化性质的关系。在每克土壤加入２５ｍｌ１０～２００ｇＭｎ／ｍｌ的剂量范围内，土壤对锰的吸附极好的遵从Ｆｒｅｕｎｄｒｉｃｈ等温方程，而是否符合Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ等温方程则与加入的锰溶液浓度有关，当其小于１２０　ｇＭｎ／ｍｌ时，则能较好地符合Ｌａｎｇｍｕｉｒ方程；这一现象说明，土壤具有两种或两种以上的吸附位。在土壤各理化性质中主要是粘粒含量和阳离于交换总量（ＣＥＣ）影响到锰的吸附。但在锰溶液浓度较低时，各土壤理化性质均与土壤吸附锰量无显著相关。平衡溶液的ｐＨ强烈影响土壤吸附锰的能力，当ｐＨ由４上升至７左右时，土壤对锰的吸附急剧增加，ｐＨ值再上升，土壤吸附锰量的增加趋于平缓。