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101.
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a promising sorbent for As removal. There are two main and physico-chemically distinct polymorphs of TiO2 in nature, namely anatase and rutile. Since the difference of arsenic removal by the two polymorphs of TiO2 is now well known, study on the arsenic removal efficiency and the underlying mechanism is of great significance in developing new remediation strategies for As-polluted waters. Here batch experiments were carried out in combination with instrumental analysis of X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the effects, influential factors and mechanisms of As removal from aqueous solution by two types of nano TiO2 crystals. The adsorption behavior of anatase and rutile for As(V) and As(III) are well described by Freundlich equations. Anatase had higher As removal efficiency and adsorption capacity than rutile. Solution pH had no influence on the As adsorption of anatase TiO2, whereas the As removal by rutile TiO2 was increased by 7?C18% with pH from 4 to 10. Presence of accompanying anions such as phosphate, silicate, nitrate and sulfate, decreased the As(V) and As(III) removal by both crystals, with phosphate being the most effective. However, removal of As by rutile TiO2 was greatly enhanced in the presence of divalent cations i.e. Ca2+ and Mg2+. Shading of light decreased the removal of As(V) and As(III) of anatase by 15.5% and 17.5%, respectively, while a slight increase of As removal was observed in the case of Rutile TiO2. FT-IR characterization of As(V) or As(III)-treated nano TiO2 crystals indicated that both Ti-O and As-O groups participated in As adsorption. Both FT-IR and XPS analysis demonstrated that As(III) was photooxidated into As(V) when adsorbed by anatase under the light condition. Thus, the effect of crystal types and light condition on As removal should be taken into consideration when nano TiO2 is applied for As removal from water. 相似文献
102.
为设计适合国人的防护口罩,利用定量适合性检验和人体头面部尺寸测量的方法,探索影响口罩适合因子(FF)的因素。对4种颗粒物防护口罩(3M8210,3M8210v,3M9332和3M9010)的FF进行检测;测量口罩佩戴者的形态面长、面宽、两耳屏间宽、两下颌角间宽、鼻高、鼻长、鼻宽和两耳屏点间颌下弧长等头面部尺寸数据;计算身体质量指数(BMI)。探讨头面部尺寸、BMI、性别及口罩型号对FF的影响。研究表明:显著影响口罩FF的因素是头面部尺寸和口罩型号,其余因素对FF无显著影响;设计防护口罩应考虑我国人群头面部尺寸特点。 相似文献
103.
Le Quang Dung Nguyen Viet Linh Nguyen Xuan Thanh Nguyen Duc Cu Vu Van Tu Takaomi Arai 《生态毒理学报》2015,10(3):304-310
Heavy metal concentrations in muscle and their relation to thegrowth of two marine fish species,including tonguefish( Cynoglossus arel) and mullet( Mugil cephalus),were studied. The samples were collected in Bach Dang estuary andconcentrations of heavy metals( As,Cd,Co,Mn,Cu,Zn,Pb,and V) in muscle of the fisheswere determined. The result showed that the accumulated trend of heavy metal is different between fish species. The concentration of As,Zn,Mn,V,Cu,Pb,Co and Cd in tonguefish were 73. 7 ± 30. 6,22. 82 ± 4.87,3. 44 ± 2. 13,1. 61 ± 0. 15,0. 71 ± 0. 13,0. 45 ± 0. 24,0. 03 ± 0. 02 and 0. 02 ± 0. 02 mg·g-1,respectively. Meanwhile the concentration of Zn,As,V,Mn,Cu,Pb,Co and Cd in mullet were 83. 41 ±19. 68,9. 78 ± 1. 92,1. 36 ± 0. 54,1. 29 ± 0. 51,0. 65 ± 0. 12,0. 42 ± 0. 20,0. 06 ± 0. 03 and0. 03 ± 0. 01mg·g-1,respectively. Comparison of metal levels among thesespecies indicated that the concentrations of As and Mn in tonguefish were significantly higher than those in mullet,whereas Zn levels in mullet were found to be higher than that in tonguefish. There is no significant differences of Cd,Co,Cu,Pb and V levels in muscle between two species. Significant inversed relationshipsbetween concentration levels of metals and lengths of tonguefish were found for Mn,Cu and Zn,butnot for As,Cd,Pb,and V. There were no significant relationships between the heavy metal concentrations and the length of mullet. In general,decreasesof the heavy metal concentrations corresponded to the increases of fish body lengths,particularly for As,Co,Cu,Mn and V and the exception for Cd. Terefore reduced risks were associated with consuming biggermullet fish,and increased risks of As and Cd were associated with consuming bigger tonguefish in Bach Dang river mouth. 相似文献
104.
105.
和谐:可持续发展观的灵魂 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
本文通过经济基础和上层建筑的关系说明进行环境文化建设的重要性,辨析了不同的环境价值观念和伦理道德,提出人与环境相融和谐的意识是可持续发展观的灵魂 相似文献
106.
用于风险评估的二维爆炸场的数值模拟 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用多流体Uuler型方法,对爆轰产物采用可变指数的多方气体状态方程,给出了对二维爆炸场进行模拟的方法,该法可为用压力一冲量准则对可能发生的爆炸事故进行风险评估提供基础。数值计算结果表明,该法适合于各种不同的几何外型,与现有实验结果符合较好。 相似文献
107.
108.
Introduction Landfill is still the m ost com m on w ay to treat m ore and m ore m unicipal solid w aste (M SW ) in all over the w orld, especially in C hina (Feng and C hen, 2000). H ow ever, the leachate produced from landfill is very com plicated and va… 相似文献
109.
非活性黑根霉菌对废水中重金属离子的吸附 总被引:18,自引:1,他引:17
为探讨发酵工业中废弃的菌丝体黑根霉菌(Rhizopusnigricans)对水中重金属离子的吸附特性,考察pH、浓度、共存离子等因素对吸附能力的影响,进行了实验室吸附试验,绘制出吸附等温线,并由Langmuir曲线和Freundlich曲线求出相应参数。对化学改性前后的黑根霉进行了吸附对比。初步分析了吸附机理。结果表明,黑根霉在pH=3—6.5范围内,对Pb2+、Cu2+、Mn2+、Cr(VI)几种主要重金属离子都有吸附作用,其中吸附Pb2+能力最高,饱和吸附量可达88mg/g。经化学改性的黑根霉可不同程度地提高吸附能力。用0.5mol/LHCI和NaoH可以洗脱和再生。 相似文献
110.
Özen Hülya Aykaç Mutuk Tuğba Yiğiter Merve 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(2):2469-2479
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Plastic waste and air pollution are becoming a great concern due to their adverse effect on human health and the environment. There is increasing... 相似文献