La对Cd伤害大豆幼苗的生态生理作用

以盆载法研究了Cd对大豆幼苗的伤害及La对Cd伤害的缓解效应。结果表明,500mg/L CdCl₂严重抑制大豆幼苗的代谢与生长,叶面喷布30mg/LLaCl³一次,能缓解Cd毒造成的伤害。实验证明,这与La能增加大豆幼苗光合速率,提高叶绿素含量与硝酸还原酶活性、降低细胞质膜透性与植株体内Cd含量、维持TTC还原力等多重作用相关。     

降低真空滤油机的噪声

采用真空滤油机处理及再生润滑油 ,不仅可以节省资源 ,保护环境 ,还可以降低企业的生产成本。虽然真空滤油机有上述优点 ,但是现有的真空滤油机工作时噪声大。笔者分析了真空滤油机噪声大的原因 ,设计了全真空系统滤油机 ,采用全真空系统及其他措施 ,可使真空滤油机的噪声显著降低。     

人工湿地系统用于地表水水质改善的效能及特征

在北京官厅水库附近建立潜流人工湿地(总面积:3×20m×2m),芦苇、蒲草混合种植,研究其在不同季节条件下对地表水的处理效能及特征,分析了进水浓度、水力负荷、温度对污染物去除率的影响.结果表明,系统对地表水有较好的处理效果,COD_Mn和NH₄⁺-N的出水浓度与进水浓度的回归关系遵从线性关系;系统对TN、TP的去除率分别为20%～60%和30%～45%;污染物的去除率随温度的降低而降低,随水力负荷率的增加而降低;COD_Mn、NH₄⁺-N和TN的去除率与其进水浓度呈正相关,而TP去除率与其进水浓度呈负相关.并研究建立了潜流湿地冬季运行管理措施.     

沉井加桩复合基础水平动力响应特性

沉井加桩复合基础是一种结合沉井及群桩各自优点形成的新型跨江海桥梁深水基础型式。在复杂的江海环境下,基础将承受强风、波浪及地震等引起的水平动荷载作用,其水平动力特性研究是复合基础合理设计施工和推广应用的重要保证。基于动力Winkler模型分别提出了沉井加桩基础的频域非线性及时域非线性计算方法,并同有限元对比验证了简化方法的正确性。通过算例进一步分析了冲刷对沉井加桩基础动力特性的影响规律,结果表明,土体应力历史及土体非线性对复合基础动力阻抗、共振幅值及频率均有显著影响。     

3种染料化合物在UV-TiO2/H2O2和UV-TiO2体系中的光催化降解研究

采用自制的TiO2膜和平板式固定床型光催化氧化反应装置,对甲基橙、茜素红和罗丹明B 3种含有不同生色基团的染料化合物进行了TiO2光催化氧化降解研究,通过对照测定降解过程中吸光度、电导率、pH的变化,分析了在加入和不加入H2O22种情况下降解过程的异同,比较了3种染料化合物脱色的难易程度,揭示了降解产物中无机离子的变化规律及某些可能的产物类型.     

三峡库区172 m蓄水位实现后干流水体溶解态重金属含量变化特征

从2008年至2010年连续两年,对三峡库区涪陵至巴东段水体溶解态重金属含量进行监测,分析三峡水库自2008年首次以172 m高水位试验性蓄水以来水体溶解态重金属含量变化特征及其影响因素。结果表明：水体溶解态重金属含量在丰水期低水位时含量较高,而在平水期和枯水期高水位蓄水时,水体重金属含量较低,丰水期时水体溶解态重金属含量虽然相对较高,但仍然达到《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838 2002)Ⅰ类水域标准。重金属在水体与沉积物和消落带土壤中含量并无明显相关性,沉积物和消落带土壤重金属对水体溶解态重金属含量分布影响较小。库区水环境因素在丰水期和平水期、枯水期呈现出明显差异特征,特别是汛后水体悬浮物SS含量远低于丰水期。三峡水库水环境因素的变化对重金属的分配有着重要作用,丰水期过后三峡库区水体pH值和DO升高,水温和Eh降低,SS含量显著下降,水环境因素、气象条件、水位调度等因素的变化致使水体溶解态重金属含量降低     

Characteristics of residual organochlorine pesticides in soils under different land-use types on a coastal plain of the Yellow River Delta

The residual levels of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were examined in soils covering five types of land use along a salinity gradient on the Yellow River Delta. The most prominent OCPs were dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (∑DDT, arithmetic mean = 5.11 μg kg^?1), hexachlorocyclohexane (∑HCH, 1.69 μg kg^?1) and ∑endosulfan (10.4 μg kg^?1). The spatial variability of OCPs composition shifted from γ-HCH and o,p′-DDT dominated pesticides in coastal soils to p,p′-DDE dominated pesticides in inland soils. In different land-use types, the percentages of β-HCH and p,p′-DDE are characterized by more recalcitrant components in decreasing order of vegetable fields, cereal fields, cotton fields, wetlands and tidal flats with increasing soil salinity. However, the less recalcitrant components, γ-HCH and o,p′-DDT, showed an opposite trend. Endosulfan sulfate predominated in all land-use types. Residual levels of β-HCH were affected by soil organic matter. The correlations between γ-HCH and clay content and between p,p′-DDE, o,p′-DDT and salinity might associate with the influence of sediment cotransport by the Yellow River and the density of anthropogenic activities in coastal region. Depth distribution of the OCPs in typical soil profiles also implied that local historical usage and sediment transport by the Yellow River both affected the OCPs residual in this region.     

机房安全监控系统软件浅析

计算机机房的安全监控软件可分为本地监控软件和远程监控软件两大类,分别就目前这两类软件的特点及其发展趋势做了比较和分析,为用户选择安全监控软件提供了参考和建议。     

聚合氯化铝铁在纺织印染废水处理中的应用

主要探讨聚合氯化铝铁（PAFC）在纺织印染废水处理的应用,并对影响絮凝效果的主要因素,如投加量、pH值等进行研究,找出最佳反应条件.     

Land-use dynamics and landscape pattern change in a coastal gulf region,southeast China

This study quantitatively analyzed spatiotemporal changes in land use and landscape pattern in a coastal gulf region of southeast China by comparing classified satellite images from 1988, 2002, and 2007, using a geographic information system (GIS), remote sensing (RS), and landscape pattern metrics. The results show an increase in cropland, built-up area, and aquaculture area and a decrease in orchards, woodland, and beach area during 1988–2007. Over the study period, 64.3% of newly-expanded cropland was from woodland; newly-expanded built-up area of 34.8, 27.2, and 20.4% was converted from cropland, woodland, and beach areas, respectively; and newly-expanded aquaculture increased by 45.1 and 29.4% from beach and water body areas, respectively. Trend analysis of landscape pattern metrics demonstrates fragmentation of the landscape, with landscape pattern structure becoming more complex over the last two decades in the Louyuan Gulf region. Urbanization and policy developed to transfer beach/seawater areas into built-up area/aquaculture are the two main driving forces contributing to dynamic changes in land use and landscape pattern in the last two decades in Louyuan.