This article contains the results of research into the impact of implementation of the requirements mentioned in Standard No. OHSAS 18001:2007 to reduce the number of injuries at work and the financial costs incurred in this way. The study was conducted on a determined sample by a written questionnaire survey method in the Republic of Croatia. The objective of the empirical research is to determine the impact of implementation of the requirements of Standard No. OHSAS 18001:2007 to reduce the number of injuries at work and financial costs in Croatia in business organizations that implement these requirements. To provide a broader picture, the research included the collection and analysis of data on the impact of the Standard No. OHSAS 18001:2007 on accidents and fatalities at work. Research findings are based on the analysis of performed statistical data where correlation and regression analysis has been applied. 相似文献
This paper presents daily, monthly and yearly variations of PAH mass concentrations measured in PM(10) particle fraction, collected at one measuring site in Zagreb air between 2001 and 2004, and seasonal differences in PAH mass concentrations in PM(10) samples collected from 21 March 2003 to 20 March 2004. Twenty-four hour samples were taken in the northern residential part of Zagreb using a low-volume (50 m(3)) sampler and glass or quartz filters. The analysis was performed using a high-performance liquid chromatograph (HPLC) and fluorescence detector with changeable excitation and emission wavelength. The annual average mass concentrations over the four-year measuring period for BaP ranged from 1.17 ng/m(3) in 2004 to 1.87 ng/m(3) in 2003 and were below the limit value (2 ng/m(3)) set by the Ordinance on Recommended and Limit Air Quality Values in Croatia. The highest concentrations of all PAHs measured in PM(10) samples collected from 21 March 2003 to 20 March 2004 were found in the winter and the lowest in the summer. Winter average of BaP was 2.94 ng/m(3) and summer average 0.12 ng/m(3). Autumn average was 2.76 ng/m(3) and was very similar to winter concentrations. Spring average of 0.58 ng/m(3) was higher than the summer average (0.12 ng/m(3)). Mass concentrations of all measured PAHs were much higher in the autumn than in the spring. Although annual averages for BaP did not exceed the limit value, autumn and winter BaP mass concentrations did, which calls for measures for reducing PAH emissions in the autumn and winter. 相似文献
As tensions among diverse forest‐use interests in Lithuania are on the rise, this study examines the actual resource availability, the underlying planning approaches and the pertinent policy arena. Two 5‐year cycles of sampling‐based forest inventory provide accurate data showing that the overall timber harvest/increment ratio (or utilization intensity) is 61%. Utilization intensity is similar in state and private forests. It could potentially be raised to 70‐80%, with due account for environmental values. Such an increase is inhibited by rigid routines of forest management planning, involving inflexible rotation ages and cutting norms. Age‐class analysis indicates that the current planning practice counters its underlying aim of achieving a long‐term even flow of timber. According to a survey of key forest stakeholders, those who directly benefit from forest utilization have a weak position in the policy arena, the dominant powers being vested in the national forestry authorities. State forest enterprises have to follow restrictive plans from above, private forest owners are constrained by stern regulations and suffer from the bad image caused by the persistent myth of overuse in private forests. More rational management of Lithuanian forests is hardly possible without major shifts in the institutional set‐up accompanied by transformation of the professional ideology. 相似文献
Exploitation of certain resources within a protected area on a sustainable basis could contribute to higher living standards
of rural people, particularly those in poor countries, and decrease conflicts between these populations and park authorities.
This article presents data from a case study of Kopaonik National Park (NP), Serbia, which is a park with natural resources,
most notably bilberries, which have always been relied on by local people. Vaccinium myrtillus traditionally has been collected for decades in Kopaonik NP and used by local people. However, little is known about the
socioeconomic and ecological relations that affect the collection and use of this species. The aim of the present study was
to understand how local people collect bilberries in Kopaonik NP and what their attitudes toward the park are. Household questionnaire
data were used to examine how local people collect bilberries and how to improve the relations between local people and NP
authorities. The survey questionnaire included 52 households from 7 local communities, and we applied a purposive sampling
strategy. In addition, expert interviews were conducted, and from these data we obtained a broader understanding of the relation
between local people and NP authorities. The results indicate that in Kopaonik NP, there is a conflict between pickers and
NP authorities. Sustainable management should be directed toward the protection of bilberries. Education of local people is
a key element in the sustainable collection and protection of natural resources. 相似文献
The contribution presents numerical simulation of gypsum particles, lifting from a gypsum landfill. First, particle characteristics
are presented, resulting from different technologies of gypsum depositing. Next, a laboratory experiment parameter validation
tests are described, which served as a means of determination of mass flow of particles from the landfill. The background
of the numerical simulations, used in the assessment of landfill impact on the environment, is also described. Simulations
consist of two parts: simulation of a long term impact of the particles on the surrounding area, performed by implementation
of the Gaussian dispersion model based computer code ISC3, and second, a CFD based simulation for assessing the flow and mass
concentration fields in the vicinity of the landfill for several pre-selected flow cases. The results of both computational
approaches are presented and compared. In the conclusions, a relation of the simulation results with existing environmental
pollution levels is made, and recommendations for landfill management are drawn. 相似文献
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Plastic pollution in water ecosystems is threatening the survival of wildlife. In particular, microplastics may be encapsulated into calcium carbonate, a crucial... 相似文献
In this study, we investigated the in vitro effects of metal ions on Mg2+-ATPase activity in isolated membranes from rat uterus. The effects of increasing concentrations of metal salts (CrCl2, CuSO4, HgCl2 and ZnSO4) show sigmoidal and almost complete inhibition relative to the control enzyme activity. According to the IC50, the ATPase possesses greater sensibility to
$ {\text{Zn}}^{{{\text{2}} + }} > {\text{Cu}}^{{{\text{2}} + }} \cong {\text{Cr}}^{{{\text{3}} + }} \cong {\text{Hg}}^{{{\text{2}} + }} ,$ {\text{Zn}}^{{{\text{2}} + }} > {\text{Cu}}^{{{\text{2}} + }} \cong {\text{Cr}}^{{{\text{3}} + }} \cong {\text{Hg}}^{{{\text{2}} + }} , while other metal salts exhibit the following inhibition: CdCl2 55%, CsCl 64.5% and SrCl2 58%. Here we demonstrated that the physico-chemical properties of these metals are of importance in defining possible mechanisms
of binding and decrease of enzyme activity. 相似文献
Active biomonitoring of the air quality in Belgrade, Serbia, was performed using the moss Sphagnumgirgensohnii. Moss bags were exposed in parallel with and without irrigation for 3 and 6 months, respectively, at three different sites.
Twenty-nine elements were determined in the exposed moss samples by INAA. For all exposure periods, higher uptake in the irrigated
moss bags was evident for Al, Cr, Fe, Zn and Sr. Elements such as Cl, K, Rb and Cs were depleted in the moss tissue during
the time of exposure. For most of the elements the accumulation after 6 months exceeded that observed after 3 months. 相似文献
Objective: This study examined the risk factors of driving under the influence of alcohol (DUI) among drivers of specific vehicle categories (DSC). On the basis of this research, the variables related to DUI and involvement in traffic crashes were defined. The analysis was conducted for car drivers, bicyclists, motorcyclists, bus drivers, and truck drivers.
Method: The research sample included drivers involved in traffic crashes on the territory of Serbia in 2016 (60,666). Two types of analyses were conducted in this study. Logistic regression established the correlation between DUI and DSC and the The Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (Multi-criteria decision making) method was applied to consider the scoring and explore the potential for the prevalence of DUI on the basis of 2 data sets (DUI and non DUI).
Results: The study results showed that driver error and male drivers were the 2 most significant risk factors for DUI, with the highest scores and potential for prevalence. The nonuse of restraint systems, driver experience, and driver age are the factors with a significant prediction of involvement in an accident and an insignificant prediction of DUI.
Conclusions: Following the development of the logistic prediction models for DUI drivers, testing of the model was conducted for 3 control driver groups: Car, motorcycle, and bicycle. The prediction model with a probability greater than 50% showed that 77% of car drivers were under the influence of alcohol. Similarly, the prediction percentage for motorcyclists and bicyclists amounted to 71 and 67%, respectively. The recommendation of the study is that drivers whose DUI probability is above 50% should be potentially suspected of DUI. The results of this study can help to understand the problem of DUI among specific driver categories and detect DUI drivers, with the aim of creating successful traffic safety policy. 相似文献
The aim of this study is to test the applicability of snow surveying in the collection and detailed characterization of vehicle-derived magnetic particles. Road dust extracted from snow, collected near a busy urban highway and a low traffic road in a rural environment (southern Finland), was studied using magnetic, geochemical and micro-morphological analyses. Significant differences in horizontal distribution of mass specific magnetic susceptibility (χ) were noticed for both roads. Multi-domain (MD) magnetite was identified as the primary magnetic mineral. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses of road dust from both roads revealed: (1) angular-shaped particles (diameter ∼1-300 μm) mostly composed of Fe, Cr and Ni, derived from circulation of motor vehicles and (2) iron-rich spherules (d ∼ 2-70 μm). Tungsten-rich particles (d < 2 μm), derived from tyre stud abrasion were also identified. Additionally, a decreasing trend in χ and selected trace elements was observed with increasing distance from the road edge. 相似文献