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51.
Datta JK Chakraborty S Gupta S Saha RN Mondal N 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2007,28(1):11-14
In order to screen out the best variety of wheat (Triticum aestivum) out of eight varieties (viz., HP 1633, BW 11, NW 1014, Sonalika, HUW 468, K 9107, HP 1731 and HUW 234), a field experiment was conducted (from Dec. 2002 to April 2003) in a randomized block design replicated thrice at Crop Research and Seed Multiplication Farm, Burdwan University, West Bengal, India. Various morpho physiological parameters viz., plant population, length of shoot and root, leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), leaf area ratio (LAR), leaf area duration (LAD), net assimilation rate (NAR), yield attributes viz., length of panicles, number of grains per panicle, grain yield, straw yield, pigment content in flag leaf (chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll and carotenoid content) were estimated and analyzed statistically Soil bacterial populations were also estimated in the fallow land before sowing of seeds and after harvesting of crop. The HUW 468 variety records higher grain yield, maximum panicle length and maximum chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll content. 相似文献
52.
Oxidation of As(Ⅲ) by potassium permanganate 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
LI N FAN Maohong Van Leeuwen Johannes Saha Basude YANG Hongqun HUANG C. P. 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(7):783-786
The oxidation of As(Ⅲ) with potassium permanganate was studied under conditions including pH, initial As(Ⅲ) concentration and dosage of Mn(Ⅶ). The results have shown that potassium permanganate was an effective agent for oxidation of As(Ⅲ) in a wide pH range. The pH value of tested water was not a significant factor affecting the oxidation of As(Ⅲ) by Mn(Ⅲ). Although theoretical redox analyses suggest that Mn(Ⅶ) should have better performance in oxidization of As(Ⅲ) within lower pH ranges, the experimental results show that the oxidation efficiencies of As(Ⅲ) under basic and acidic conditions were similar, which may be due to the adsorption of As(Ⅲ) on the Mn(OH)2 and MnO2 resulting from the oxidation of As(Ⅲ). 相似文献
53.
Vishnu Vardhan Kanuri Rita Saha Shiv Pratap Raghuvanshi Ashwani Kumar Singh Bipasha D. Chakraborty V. Kiran Kumar 《Chemistry and Ecology》2020,36(1):30-47
ABSTRACTTo understand the temporal variations of the physicochemical characteristics of the Bhagirathi-Hooghly River (BHR), three locations representing three districts of West Bengal were selected. The material fluxes from 34 drains during pre-monsoon season was quantified. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that no significant spatial variations were observed for the physicochemical parameters, whereas seasonal variations were significant. The mean discharge was found to be highest (247.2?×?103?m3?d?1) in the midstream drains. Highest mean concentrations of dissolved oxygen (DO) (7.35?mg?L?1) and nitrate (0.81?mg?L ?1) were observed during the post-monsoon season followed by the monsoon and pre-monsoon. According to the BIS, WHO and the European standard of water quality (pH, 6.5–8.5; Nitrate, 0–2.5?mg?L?1;DO, ≥5?mg?L?1), the results of the respective parameters revealed the BHR system is maintained at high to good water quality, meaning that the BHR system is slightly altered from its pristine environment. The mean concentrations of biological and chemical oxygen demands were found to be high during the monsoon season, revealing that a large quantity of refractory organic matter is transported to the eastern Bay of Bengal from the Ganges. 相似文献
54.
Vandana Tripathy Ajoy Saha Dilipkumar J. Patel B. B. Basak Paresh G. Shah Jitendra Kumar 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2016,51(8):508-518
A simple multi-residue method based on modified QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) approach was established for the determination of 17 organochlorine (OC), 15 organophosphorous (OP) and 7 synthetic pyrethroid (SP) pesticides in an economically important medicinal plant of India, Senna (Cassia angustifolia), by gas chromatography coupled to electron capture and flame thermionic detectors (GC/ECD/FTD) and confirmation of residues was done on gas chromatograph coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The developed method was validated by testing the following parameters: linearity, limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), matrix effect, accuracy–precision and measurement uncertainty; the validation study clearly demonstrated the suitability of the method for its intended application. All pesticides showed good linearity in the range 0.01–1.0 μg mL?1 for OCs and OPs and 0.05–2.5 μg mL?1 for SPs with correlation coefficients higher than 0.98. The method gave good recoveries for most of the pesticides (70–120%) with intra-day and inter-day precision < 20% in most of the cases. The limits of detection varied from 0.003 to 0.03 mg kg?1, and the LOQs were determined as 0.01-0.049 mg kg?1. The expanded uncertainties were <30%, which was distinctively less than a maximum default value of ±50%. The proposed method was successfully applied to determine pesticide residues in 12 commercial market samples obtained from different locations in India. 相似文献
55.
Saha A Mandal P Dasgupta S Saha D 《Journal of environmental biology / Academy of Environmental Biology, India》2008,29(3):407-410
Lasiodiplodia theobromae, a common tea (Camellia sinensis) pathogen, usually does not sporulate or sporulates poorly in common media, which makes spore production difficult. In this study the effects of culture media, carbon source, nitrogen source, temperature, pH and light on mycelial growth and sporulation were evaluated. Among several carbon sources tested, glucose and sucrose were found superior for growth. Potassium nitrate supplemented media showed maximum growth amongst the tested inorganic nitrogen sources while peptone produced maximum growth among the tested organic nitrogen sources. Tea root extract supplemented potato dextrose agar medium was found to be the most suitable for mycelial growth and sporulation of L. theobromae. The fungus grow at temperatures ranging from 40 to 36 degrees C, with optimum growth at 28 degrees C and no growth was noted at 40 degrees C. There was no significant effect of different light period on growth of L. theobromae, but light enhanced sporulation. The fungus grow at pH 3.0-8.0 and optimum growth was observed at pH 6.0. Tea root extract supplemented potato dextrose agar medium with pH 6.0 was the most suitable for production of conidia of L. theobromae at 28 degrees C. Hence this media may be recommended for inoculum production for further studies. 相似文献
56.
Kumar Sarangi Prakash Subudhi Sanjukta Bhatia Latika Saha Koel Mudgil Divya Prasad Shadangi Krushna Srivastava Rajesh K. Pattnaik Bhabjit Arya Raj Kumar 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2023,30(4):8526-8539
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The major global concern on energy is focused on conventional fossil resources. The burning of fossil fuels is an origin of greenhouse gas emissions... 相似文献
57.
Kizar Ahmed Sumon Sampa Saha Paul J. van den Brink Edwin T.H.M. Peeters Roel H. Bosma 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2017,52(2):92-98
This study elucidated the acute toxicity of chlorpyrifos on the early life stages of banded gourami (Trichogaster fasciata). To determine the acute effects of chlorpyrifos on their survival and development, we exposedthe embryos and two-day-old larvae to six concentrations (0, 0.01, 0.10, 1.0, 10 and 100 µg L?1) of chlorpyrifos in plastic bowls. Log-logistic regression was used to calculate LC10 and LC50 values. Results showed that embryo mortality significantly increased with increasing chlorpyrifos concentrations. The 24-h LC10 and LC50 values (with 95% confidence limits) of chlorpyrifos for embryos were 0.89 (0.50–1.58) and 11.8 (9.12–15.4) µg L?1, respectively. Hatching success decreased and mortality of larvae significantly increased with increasing concentrations of chlorpyrifos. The 24-h LC10 and LC50 values (with 95% confidence limits) of chlorpyrifos for larvae were 0.53 (0.27–1.06) and 21.7 (15.9–29.4) µg L?1, respectively; the 48-h LC10 and LC50 for larvae were 0.04 (0.02–0.09) and 5.47 (3.77–7.94) µg L?1, respectively. The results of this study suggest that 1 µg L?1 of chlorpyrifos in the aquatic environment may adversely affect the development and the reproduction of banded gourami. Our study also suggests that banded gourami fish can serve as an ideal model species for evaluating developmental toxicity of environmental contaminants. 相似文献
58.
J. K. Saha N. Panwar Ajay Srivastava A. K. Biswas S. Kundu A. Subba Rao 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2010,161(1-4):403-412
In the peri-urban areas of central India, sewage water is a valuable resource for agricultural production. In this study, impact of domestic sewage water irrigation for 5 years on Vertisol with no previous history of sewage irrigation was investigated in an ongoing field experiment at Bhopal (India) under subtropical monsoon type climate. The wheat (Triticum aestivum) crop was grown during post-rainy winter season with 30 cm of irrigation (groundwater or sewage water) and four nutrient treatments (T1, 0; T2, 100%; T3, 50%; and T4, 50% of general recommended doses of NPK + FYM at 10 Mg/ha). Results showed that sewage irrigation of about 150 cm over a period of 5 years resulted significant increases in salinity as well as available fractions of N, P, K, and micronutrients, viz., Zn, Fe, and Mn in soils. Carbon and phosphorus applied through sewage water were accumulated more in subsoil layer compared to topmost plough layer. Soil microbiological activity, as indicated by soil respiration, microbial biomass C, as well as dehydrogenase enzyme activity was higher in sewage water-irrigated soils. There was also significant increase in fungal and actinomycetes as well as total coliform population in such soils. Nutrients supplied through sewage water were not able to raise the productivity of wheat to the level that obtained through fertilizers at the recommended level which indicated that additional nutrients through fertilizers are required to obtain higher productivity of wheat under sewage farming. Protein and Zn content in wheat grains were more when the crop was grown with sewage irrigation. Overall results show that except for increase in coliform population, short duration (5 years) of municipal sewage water irrigation did not have any appreciable harmful effect on soil quality as well as crop productivity; rather, it proved beneficial in improving soil fertility, wheat productivity, and produce quality. 相似文献
59.
Maumita Saha Subhasis Sarkar Biplab Sarkar Bipin Kumar Sharma Surajit Bhattacharjee Prosun Tribedi 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2016,23(5):3984-3999
Siderophores are small organic molecules produced by microorganisms under iron-limiting conditions which enhance the uptake of iron to the microorganisms. In environment, the ferric form of iron is insoluble and inaccessible at physiological pH (7.35–7.40). Under this condition, microorganisms synthesize siderophores which have high affinity for ferric iron. These ferric iron-siderophore complexes are then transported to cytosol. In cytosol, the ferric iron gets reduced into ferrous iron and becomes accessible to microorganism. In recent times, siderophores have drawn much attention due to its potential roles in different fields. Siderophores have application in microbial ecology to enhance the growth of several unculturable microorganisms and can alter the microbial communities. In the field of agriculture, different types of siderophores promote the growth of several plant species and increase their yield by enhancing the Fe uptake to plants. Siderophores acts as a potential biocontrol agent against harmful phyto-pathogens and holds the ability to substitute hazardous pesticides. Heavy-metal-contaminated samples can be detoxified by applying siderophores, which explicate its role in bioremediation. Siderophores can detect the iron content in different environments, exhibiting its role as a biosensor. In the medical field, siderophore uses the “Trojan horse strategy” to form complexes with antibiotics and helps in the selective delivery of antibiotics to the antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Certain iron overload diseases for example sickle cell anemia can be treated with the help of siderophores. Other medical applications of siderophores include antimalarial activity, removal of transuranic elements from the body, and anticancer activity. The aim of this review is to discuss the important roles and applications of siderophores in different sectors including ecology, agriculture, bioremediation, biosensor, and medicine. 相似文献
60.
Wazir Singh Lakra Uttam Kumar Sarkar Rupali Sani Kumar Ajay Pandey Vineet Kumar Dubey Om Prakash Gusain 《The Environmentalist》2010,30(4):306-319
In the present communication habitat ecology, species diversity; distribution and different indices of fish biodiversity management
were studied in a Central India river (River Betwa, a tributary of River Ganga basin approved under India’s first river linking
plan). Correlation between fish species richness with the hydrological attributes showed good relationship and water depth,
dissolved oxygen and pH were found the most important variables in shaping fish assemblage. Altogether, sixty-three fish species
belonging to 20 families and 45 genera were collected from five sampling stations spread along the upstream, mid stream and
lower streams. Cyprinids were the most dominated group represented by 26 species belonging to 15 genera, followed by Bagridae
(6 species from 3 genera), and Schilbeidae (4 species from 4 genera). The distribution of fish showed interesting pattern
and about 10% species were common to all the sites showing long migration range. Shannon-Weiner diversity index showed considerable
variation and ranged from 1.89 to 3.51. Out of 63 species status of 10 species were not known due to data deficit, 29 categorized
as lower risk, 14 as vulnerable, 8 as endangered, while the remaining two species were introduced. Our study shows that the
River supports considerable diversity of the fishes and is important for conservation and about 34% fish fauna is threatened
being either vulnerable or endangered. We assessed that the river supports considerable percentage of food fish (89.47), ornamental
fish (49.12%) and sport fish (5.26%). Among the eight major types of fish habitats identified along the entire stretch of
river, open river, shallow water and deep pools were habitats contributing maximum diversity. Fish species richness (FSR)
were significantly different (P < 0.05) in all the habitats except channel confluence and scour pool. Trophic niche model may be useful for assessing altered
as well as less altered fish habitat of the tropical rivers. Since this river will be interlinked in near future, this study
would be useful for conservation planning and management and also for future assessment after interlinking. Issues related
to various threats to aquatic environment and conservation management strategies have been discussed. 相似文献